Efficacy of pegylated Graphene oxide quantum dots as a nanoconjugate sustained release metformin delivery system in in vitro insulin resistance model

PLoS One. 2024 Aug 12;19(8):e0307166. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307166. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Metformin, the primary therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), showed limitations such as varying absorption, rapid system clearance, required large amount, resistance, longstanding side effects. Use of Nano formulations for pharmaceuticals is emerging as a viable technique to reduce negative consequences of drug, while simultaneously attaining precise release and targeted distribution. This study developed a Polyethylene Glycol conjugated Graphene Oxide Quantum dots (GOQD-PEG) nanocomposite for the sustained release of metformin. Herein, we evaluated the effectiveness of metformin-loaded nanoconjugate in in vitro insulin resistance model. Results demonstrated drug loaded nanoconjugate successfully restored glucose uptake and reversed insulin resistance in in vitro conditions at reduced dosage compared to free metformin.

MeSH terms

  • Delayed-Action Preparations* / chemistry
  • Delayed-Action Preparations* / pharmacokinetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Glucose / chemistry
  • Glucose / metabolism
  • Graphite* / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Metformin* / administration & dosage
  • Metformin* / chemistry
  • Metformin* / pharmacokinetics
  • Metformin* / pharmacology
  • Nanoconjugates* / chemistry
  • Polyethylene Glycols* / chemistry
  • Quantum Dots* / chemistry

Substances

  • Graphite
  • Metformin
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • graphene oxide
  • Nanoconjugates
  • Delayed-Action Preparations
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Glucose

Grants and funding

Financial funding support for this research was supported by a grant from Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers’ Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R712 to AAA), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.