[Acquired hemophilia A and emicizumab for the treatment of bleeding: two case report and a literature review]

Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2024 Aug 30;82(3):294-307. doi: 10.1684/abc.2024.1900.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Emicizumab is a bispecific antibody that mimics the function of factor VIII (FVIII) and is indicated for prophylactic use in patients with congenital hemophilia A with or without inhibitors. Acquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a rare and severe disorder causes by autoantibodies that inhibit FVIII. In AHA, acute bleeding are managed with bypassing agents but several reports described the off-label use of emicizumab. The aim of this article is to describe two cases of AHA treated with emicizumab and a review of the scientific littérature. Reports indicate that the use of emicizumab is efficacious to treat acute bleeding with less thrombotic events thant with bypassing agents and with a reduced hospitalisation duration. Nevertheless biological monitoring is more complicated with assay interferences and a persistent circulation more than 6 months after the last injection was observed for our two patients.

Keywords: Acquired hemophilia A; biological monitoring; bispecific monoclonal antibody; off-label treatment.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review
  • English Abstract

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / therapeutic use
  • Factor VIII / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Factor VIII / immunology
  • Factor VIII / therapeutic use
  • Hemophilia A* / blood
  • Hemophilia A* / complications
  • Hemophilia A* / diagnosis
  • Hemophilia A* / drug therapy
  • Hemophilia A* / immunology
  • Hemorrhage*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • emicizumab
  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Factor VIII

Supplementary concepts

  • Factor 8 deficiency, acquired