Objective:To investigate the long-term effect of partial tonsillectomy in children with tonsil hypertrophy. Methods:A total of 146 children with obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） who received surgical treatment for tonsil hyperplasia from January 2010 to January 2013 were selected and divided into the observation group（n=69） and the control group（n=77）. The observation group was received tonsillotomy（TT）, and the control group was received total tonsillectomy（TE）. Parental satisfaction and OSA quality of life questionnaire for children（OSA-18） were surveyed. Residual tonsil size was measured, and polysomnography（PSG） was monitored after 10 years. HE and immunohistochemical analysis were performed on tonsil tissues of one patient who performed a second operation after TT in 2017 year. Results:The results of questionnaire survey showed that the symptoms of respiratory obstruction were significantly improved in both groups, and the satisfaction of TT group was higher than that in the TE group. No increase in the number of respiratory tract infections was observed in all patients. In the TT group, nine cases（13.04%） had tonsil hyperplasia toⅡ°, and the remaining patients had tonsil hyperplasia to Ⅰ°. In addition, one case hadtonsil suppurative infection at the 14th month after surgery, and no recurrence or reoperation was found after treatment. There were seven cases in the TT group and eight cases in the TE group with occasional snoring and mouth breathing after surgery, but the PSG examination of the patients did not meet the diagnosis of OSA. The main causes were obesity and allergic rhinitis. Compared with the first operation, the cicatricial obstruction and infection of tonsil tissue in the second operation were not significantly changed, and the immunohistochemical results also demonstrated that the expression of CD20 was not changed, and the expression of CD3 was decreased. Conclusion:Both TT and TE can effectively improve the symptoms of OSA obstruction in children. TT has less trauma, less postoperative pain, faster recovery and lower rate of hyperplasia, which can be used as one of the main methods for the treatment of tonsil hypertrophy in children.
目的：探讨扁桃体部分切除术治疗儿童扁桃体肥大的远期疗效。 方法：收集2010年1月至2013年1月因扁桃体肥大引发阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）接受手术的儿童146例，分为2组，观察组（69例）行扁桃体部分切除术（TT），对照组（77例）行扁桃体完全切除术（TE）。10年后调查家长满意程度、填写儿童OSAHS生活质量调查表（OSA-18）、测量残余扁桃体大小，复查多导睡眠监测（PSG）。对以上2组之外的1例TT术后再次手术病例的标本进行组织学分析。 结果：问卷及PSG显示2组患者呼吸阻塞症状得到明显的改善，TT组的满意程度高于TE组；所有患者未出现呼吸道感染次数较术前增加的现象；TT组有9例（13.04%）扁桃体增生至Ⅱ°，其余为Ⅰ°。TT组有1例术后第14个月出现扁桃体化脓感染，治疗后无再发，无再次手术病例。TT组7例、TE组8例术后偶有打鼾及张嘴呼吸，PSG检查不符合OSA诊断，肥胖及变应性鼻炎为主要原因。再次手术的标本切片在HE染色下观察未发现瘢痕阻塞及感染改变，免疫组织化学结果表明CD20表达量无变化，CD3表达量减少。 结论：TT术和TE均可以有效地改善儿童OSA阻塞症状，TT术创伤更小、术后疼痛更轻、恢复更快且再增生比例极低，可作为治疗儿童扁桃体肥大的主要方式之一。.
Keywords: long-term efficacy; obstructive sleep apnea; tonsillotomy; total tonsillectomy.
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