Algorithm Validation for Quantifying ActiGraph™ Physical Activity Metrics in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain and Healthy Controls

Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 17;24(16):5323. doi: 10.3390/s24165323.

Abstract

Assessing physical activity is important in the treatment of chronic conditions, including chronic low back pain (cLBP). ActiGraph™, a widely used physical activity monitor, collects raw acceleration data, and processes these data through proprietary algorithms to produce physical activity measures. The purpose of this study was to replicate ActiGraph™ algorithms in MATLAB and test the validity of this method with both healthy controls and participants with cLBP. MATLAB code was developed to replicate ActiGraph™'s activity counts and step counts algorithms, to sum the activity counts into counts per minute (CPM), and categorize each minute into activity intensity cut points. A free-living validation was performed where 24 individuals, 12 cLBP and 12 healthy, wore an ActiGraph™ GT9X on their non-dominant hip for up to seven days. The raw acceleration data were processed in both ActiLife™ (v6), ActiGraph™'s data analysis software platform, and through MATLAB (2022a). Percent errors between methods for all 24 participants, as well as separated by cLBP and healthy, were all less than 2%. ActiGraph™ algorithms were replicated and validated for both populations, based on minimal error differences between ActiLife™ and MATLAB, allowing researchers to analyze data from any accelerometer in a manner comparable to ActiLife™.

Keywords: ActiGraph; actigraphy; algorithms; chronic low back pain; inertial measurement units.

MeSH terms

  • Accelerometry / instrumentation
  • Accelerometry / methods
  • Actigraphy / instrumentation
  • Actigraphy / methods
  • Adult
  • Algorithms*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Chronic Pain / diagnosis
  • Chronic Pain / physiopathology
  • Exercise* / physiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Low Back Pain* / diagnosis
  • Low Back Pain* / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged