ISB 2001 trispecific T cell engager shows strong tumor cytotoxicity and overcomes immune escape mechanisms of multiple myeloma cells

Nat Cancer. 2024 Oct;5(10):1494-1514. doi: 10.1038/s43018-024-00821-1. Epub 2024 Sep 11.

Abstract

Despite recent advances in immunotherapies targeting single tumor-associated antigens, patients with multiple myeloma eventually relapse. ISB 2001 is a CD3+ T cell engager (TCE) co-targeting BCMA and CD38 designed to improve cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma. Targeting of two tumor-associated antigens by a single TCE resulted in superior cytotoxic potency across a variable range of BCMA and CD38 tumor expression profiles mimicking natural tumor heterogeneity, improved resistance to competing soluble factors and exhibited superior cytotoxic potency on patient-derived samples and in mouse models. Despite the broad expression of CD38 across human tissues, ISB 2001 demonstrated a reduced T cell activation profile in the absence of tumor cells when compared to TCEs targeting CD38 only. To determine an optimal first-in-human dose for the ongoing clinical trial ( NCT05862012 ), we developed an innovative quantitative systems pharmacology model leveraging preclinical data, using a minimum pharmacologically active dose approach, therefore reducing patient exposure to subefficacious doses of therapies.

MeSH terms

  • ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1* / immunology
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen / immunology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Mice
  • Multiple Myeloma* / drug therapy
  • Multiple Myeloma* / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Tumor Escape* / drug effects
  • Tumor Escape* / immunology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • B-Cell Maturation Antigen
  • CD38 protein, human