Circulating CD31+ Angiogenic T cells are reduced in prediabetes and increase with exercise training

Callum J Baker; Danqing Min; Felix Marsh-Wakefield; Elisha Siwan; James Gerofi; Xiaoyu Wang; Samantha L Hocking; Stephen Colagiuri; Nathan A Johnson; Stephen M Twigg

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108868

Circulating CD31⁺ Angiogenic T cells are reduced in prediabetes and increase with exercise training

J Diabetes Complications. 2024 Nov;38(11):108868. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108868. Epub 2024 Sep 17.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia.
² Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
³ Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Human Cancer and Viral Immunology Laboratory, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁴ Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia; Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁵ Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁶ Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
⁷ Greg Brown Diabetes & Endocrinology Research Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39299028
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2024.108868

Abstract

Aims: To investigate circulating angiogenic cells in adults with prediabetes and the effect of a structured exercise program.

Methods: A cohort of adults with overweight/obesity and either normal glucose (NG) or prediabetes were randomised to receive exercise (Exercise) (as twice weekly supervised combined high intensity aerobic exercise and progressive resistance training, and once weekly home-based aerobic exercise) or an unsupervised stretching intervention (Control) for 12 weeks. Circulating angiogenic T cells, muscle strength, and cardiovascular disease risk factors, including blood lipids, arterial stiffness, central haemodynamic responses, and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO₂peak) in those with prediabetes (n = 35, 16 Control, 19 Exercise) and NG (n = 37, 17 Control, 20 Exercise) were analysed at baseline and after the 12-week intervention.

Results: At baseline, compared with NG those with prediabetes demonstrated reduced VO₂peak, angiogenic CD31⁺CD8⁺ T cells and VEGFR2⁺CD4⁺ T cells, and increased systolic blood pressure. CD31⁺ T cells were negatively correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Compared with Control, exercise training increased muscle strength, VO₂peak, and CD31⁺CD4⁺ and CD31⁺CD8⁺ T cells in NG and prediabetes.

Conclusions: Circulating angiogenic CD31⁺ T cells are decreased in people with prediabetes and are enhanced with exercise training. Exercise increases CD31⁺ T cells, and through this mechanism it is proposed that it may reduce CVD risk.

Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number: ACTRN12617000552381.

Keywords: Circulating angiogenic cells; Diabetes; HIIT; Immune cells; Obesity; Overweight; Randomised clinical trial; Resistance training.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

Adult
Aged
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
Cohort Studies
Exercise Therapy* / methods
Exercise* / physiology
Female
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Muscle Strength / physiology
Neovascularization, Physiologic / physiology
Obesity / blood
Obesity / complications
Obesity / therapy
Overweight / blood
Overweight / complications
Overweight / therapy
Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / blood
Prediabetic State* / blood
Prediabetic State* / therapy
Resistance Training / methods

Substances

Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
PECAM1 protein, human