Evaluation of the relationship between ACE2 G8790A and AT2R A1675G gene polymorphisms in COVID-19 patients with and without lung involvement

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus produces severe acute respiratory syndrome. The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is determined by a number of factors, including inherited ones.

Objectives: Our goal is to investigate the link between ACE2 G8790A (rs2285666) and AT2R A1675G (rs14035430) gene polymorphisms in COVID-19 patients with and without lung involvement.

Methods: A total of 160 COVID-19 patients were divided into 2 groups based on their clinical symptoms: those without lung involvement (control group) and those with lung involvement (infected group). The ACE2 G8790A and AT2R A1675G gene polymorphisms were analyzed using the PCR-RFLP methods.

Results: The GG genotype, G allele of ACE2 G8790A, and GG genotype of AT2R A1675G were significantly higher in the control group and had a protective effect against COVID-19 as well as decreased the development of lung involvement (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.10-0.84; OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.22-0.72; and OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.14-0.78, respectively). Moreover, we found that the AA genotype, A allele of ACE2 G8790A, and AG genotype of AT2R A1675G increased the risk of COVID-19 in the infected group (OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.18-10.3; OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.39-4.48; and OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.28-7.38, respectively).

Conclusions: These results revealed that a greater frequency of COVID-19 lung involvement in the Turkish population was connected with the AA genotype, the A allele of ACE2 G8790A, and the AG genotype of AT2R A1675G.