Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024 Sep 28;23(1):346. doi: 10.1186/s12933-024-02434-5.

Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously termed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), poses a significant global health challenge due to its increasing prevalence and strong association with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This comprehensive review summarizes the current knowledge on the MASLD-CVD relationship, compares analysis of how different terminologies for fatty liver disease affect cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment using different diagnostic criteria, explores the pathophysiological mechanisms connecting MASLD to CVD, the influence of MASLD on traditional CV risk factors, the role of noninvasive imaging techniques and biomarkers in the assessment of CV risk in patients with MASLD, and the implications for clinical management and prevention strategies. By incorporating current research and clinical guidelines, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the complex interplay between MASLD and cardiovascular health.

Keywords: Cardiovascular risk; Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / metabolism
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors*
  • Humans
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / diagnosis
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / epidemiology
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / metabolism
  • Prevalence
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers