Alterations in the Renin-Angiotensin System in Experimental Septic Shock

Crit Care Explor. 2024 Oct 11;6(10):e1163. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000001163. eCollection 2024 Oct.

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze dynamic changes in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) during septic shock, focusing on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and the balance between angiotensin peptides, using a mass spectrometry method.

Design: Experimental septic shock model induced by peritonitis in swine.

Setting: Experimental Laboratory, Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles.

Subjects: Forty time points from eight mechanically ventilated pigs.

Interventions: Septic shock was induced using intraperitoneal instillation of autologous feces, followed by standardized fluid resuscitation, norepinephrine infusion, antibiotic administration, and peritoneal lavage.

Measurements and main results: The induction of sepsis resulted in a significant increase in plasma renin activity and levels of angiotensin I and II, with a significant decrease in ACE activity observed from 4 hours post-resuscitation and a notable rise in the angiotensin I/angiotensin II ratio at 12 hours. Additionally, a shift toward the angiotensin-(1-7) axis was observed, evidenced by an increased angiotensin-(1-7)/angiotensin II ratio.

Conclusions: The study highlighted dynamic shifts in the RAS during septic shock, characterized by reduced circulating ACE activity, elevated angiotensin I/II ratio, and a shift toward the angiotensin-(1-7) axis. These findings suggest an adaptive response within the RAS, potentially offering new insights into sepsis management and therapeutic targets.

Keywords: angiotensin II; angiotensin-(1–7); dipeptidyl peptidase 3; sepsis; septic shock.

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin I* / blood
  • Angiotensin I* / metabolism
  • Angiotensin II / blood
  • Angiotensin II / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Peptide Fragments / blood
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / blood
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / metabolism
  • Peritonitis / metabolism
  • Renin / blood
  • Renin / metabolism
  • Renin-Angiotensin System* / physiology
  • Shock, Septic* / metabolism
  • Shock, Septic* / physiopathology
  • Shock, Septic* / therapy
  • Swine

Substances

  • Angiotensin I
  • Angiotensin II
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
  • angiotensin I (1-7)
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Renin