Photoswitchable TRPC6 channel activators evoke distinct channel kinetics reflecting different gating behaviors

The non-selective transient receptor potential canonical 6 (TRPC6) cation channels have several physiological and pathophysiological effects. They are activated by the lipid second messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) and by non-lipidic compounds such as GSK 1702934A (GSK). Advances in photopharmacology led to the development of photoswitchable activators such as PhoDAG, OptoDArG, and OptoBI-1 that can be switched ON and OFF with the spatiotemporal precision of light. We aimed to elucidate whether these photopharmaceuticals allow for a reliable determination of the ion channel current kinetics. We performed electrophysiological whole-cell measurements in the overexpression system and analyzed TRPC6 currents induced by photoswitching. We observed distinct activation, deactivation and inactivation current kinetics suggesting that each photoswitchable activator elicits a distinct active channel state. Notably, the current kinetics strongly depended on the intensity of the light source. Altogether, photopharmaceuticals are advantageous for an extended biophysical characterization of whole-cell currents and provide insight into their gating mechanism.