A series of cases of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy with negative bone scintigraphy but a confirmed positive endomyocardial biopsy

Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2024 Oct 15;19(1):381. doi: 10.1186/s13023-024-03401-9.

Abstract

Background: Bone scintigraphy (BS) is established as an accurate, non-invasive method for the diagnosis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). In a real-life setting, however, some patients with no cardiac uptake on BS turn out to have cardiac-biopsy-confirmed ATTR-CM. We retrospectively included all patients diagnosed at the French Referral Center for ATTR-CM and who had data for BS and a cardiac biopsy.

Results: Of 271 patients with positive cardiac biopsy, 14 (5%) had no cardiac uptake on 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate BS. Cardiac uptake was found in four of the seven patients who had a second BS assessment with 99mTc-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (DPD). A retrospective review of the BS data found low cardiac uptake in four patients (two with HMDP and two with both radiotracers). Ultimately, six of the 14 patients with a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of ATTR-CM did not show any cardiac radiotracer uptake.

Conclusions: An endomyocardial biopsy may be necessary for confirming the diagnosis of ATTR-CM in patients with clinical and imaging signs of cardiac amyloidosis but no cardiac radiotracer uptake in BS.

Keywords: Biopsy; Case series; Mutation; Negative bone scintigraphy; Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial* / diagnostic imaging
  • Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial* / metabolism
  • Amyloid Neuropathies, Familial* / pathology
  • Biopsy
  • Bone and Bones / diagnostic imaging
  • Bone and Bones / metabolism
  • Bone and Bones / pathology
  • Cardiomyopathies* / diagnostic imaging
  • Cardiomyopathies* / metabolism
  • Cardiomyopathies* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / metabolism
  • Myocardium / pathology
  • Prealbumin / metabolism
  • Radionuclide Imaging* / methods
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Prealbumin

Supplementary concepts

  • Amyloidosis, Hereditary, Transthyretin-Related