FMT and TCM to treat diarrhoeal irritable bowel syndrome with induced spleen deficiency syndrome- microbiomic and metabolomic insights

BMC Microbiol. 2024 Oct 26;24(1):433. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03592-y.

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a functional bowel disease with diarrhea, and can be associated with common spleen deficiency syndrome of the prevelent traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) could help treating IBS-D, but may provide variable effects. Our study evaluated the efficacy of TCM- shenling Baizhu decoction and FMT in treating IBS-D with spleen deficiency syndrome, with significant implications on gut microbiome and serum metabolites.

Methods: The new borne rats were procured from SPF facility and separated as healthy (1 group) and IBS-D model ( 3 groups) rats were prepared articially using mother's separation and senna leaf treatment. 2 groups of IBS-D models were further treated with TCM- shenling Baizhu decoction and FMT. The efficacy was evaluated by defecation frequency, bristol stool score, and intestinal tight junction proteins (occludin-1 and claudin-1) expression. Microbiomic analysis was conducted using 16 S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics tools. Metabolomics were detected in sera of rats by LC-MS and annotated by using KEGG database.

Results: Significant increment in occludin-1 and claudin-1 protein expression alleviated the diarrheal severity in IBS-D rats (P < 0.05) after treatment with FMT and TCM. FMT and TCM altered the gut microbiota and regulated the tryptophan metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism of IBS-D rats with spleen deficiency syndrome.The microbial abundance were changed in each case e.g., Monoglobus, Dubosiella, and Akkermansia and othe metabolic profiles.

Conclusion: FMT and TCM treatment improved the intestinal barrier function by regulating gut microbiota and improved metabolic pathways in IBS-D with spleen deficiency syndrome.

Keywords: Fecal microbiota transplantation; Gut microbiota; Irritable bowel syndrome; Metabolomics; Spleen deficiency syndrome.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Diarrhea* / drug therapy
  • Diarrhea* / microbiology
  • Diarrhea* / therapy
  • Disease Models, Animal*
  • Drugs, Chinese Herbal* / pharmacology
  • Drugs, Chinese Herbal* / therapeutic use
  • Fecal Microbiota Transplantation*
  • Feces / microbiology
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome* / drug effects
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome* / drug therapy
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome* / microbiology
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome* / therapy
  • Male
  • Medicine, Chinese Traditional* / methods
  • Metabolomics*
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Rats
  • Spleen / metabolism
  • Spleen / microbiology
  • Splenic Diseases / drug therapy
  • Splenic Diseases / microbiology
  • Splenic Diseases / therapy

Substances

  • Drugs, Chinese Herbal
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
  • shen ling bai zhu