Long-term survival with donor CD19 CAR-T cell treatment for relapsed patients after allogeneic hematopietic stem cell transplantation

J Hematol Oncol. 2024 Oct 29;17(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s13045-024-01626-6.

Abstract

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has significantly advanced in treating B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and has shown efficacy in managing relapsed B-ALL after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Donor-derived CAR-T cell offer both high efficacy and rapid response. Although promising results exist, current research lacks definitive evidence of long-term survival benefits for patients treated with donor-derived CAR-T therapy. We report the long-term survival of 32 patients with post-transplant relapsed B-ALL treated with donor-derived CD19 CAR-T cell, achieving either complete Remission (CR) or CR with incomplete peripheral blood recovery (CRi). The median follow-up was 42 months, with 2-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates of 56.25% and 50.0%, respectively. The 5-year OS and EFS rates were 53.13% and 46.88%, with no new long-term adverse events observed. These findings demonstrate good long-term safety, supporting donor-derived CAR-T cell as a recommended treatment option for relapsed B-ALL patients post-transplantation. Trial registration: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=14315 . Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-16008447.

Keywords: Allo-HSCT; Donor-derived CD19 CAR-T; Long-term survival; Relapsed.

Publication types

  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antigens, CD19* / immunology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* / methods
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / mortality
  • Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / therapeutic use
  • Recurrence
  • Survival Rate
  • Tissue Donors
  • Transplantation, Homologous / methods
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antigens, CD19
  • Receptors, Chimeric Antigen