Plasma metabolites as mediators in the relationship between inflammation-related proteins and benign prostatic hyperplasia: insights from mendelian randomization

Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 30;14(1):26152. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77515-2.

Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition commonly observed in aging males. Inflammatory and metabolic factors are pivotal in the development and progression of BPH. The degree to which the effects of 91 inflammation-related proteins on BPH are mediated by 1400 plasma metabolites remains ambiguous. Our research analyzed the impact of these traits utilizing genetic evidence.Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) were utilized in our study to infer the genetic causal effect of inflammation-related proteins on BPH, with metabolites serving as mediators. Increased levels of IL-2 were linked to a heightened incidence of BPH (β = 0.071, OR:1.074, 95% CI [1.002-1.152], p = 0.045), whereas lower concentrations of N6,N6-dimethyllysine were associated with decreased risk (β1=-0.127, p = 0.02; β2=-0.039, p = 0.008). The mediation effect was 0.005 (95% CI [0.0004, 0.012], OR: 1.005, 95% CI [1.000, 1.012]), accounting for 7.04% of the total effect. subsequently, we examined the phenotypic co-localization of the two pairings independently, revealing that the posterior probability of rs145516501 associated with IL-2 and BPH was 80.7%, whereas the posterior likelihood of rs4917820 linked to N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels and BPH was 95.9%. The research indicated that N6,N6-dimethyllysine levels seem to influence the causative relationship between IL-2 and BPH. These results elucidate the complex interplay between inflammation-related proteins and metabolism in the context of BPH, offering novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues and enhancing our comprehension of the disease's etiology for prospective research.

Keywords: BPH; Colocalization; Inflammation-related proteins; Mediation analysis; Mendelian randomization; Plasma metabolites.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Humans
  • Inflammation* / blood
  • Inflammation* / genetics
  • Inflammation* / metabolism
  • Interleukin-2 / blood
  • Interleukin-2 / genetics
  • Interleukin-2 / metabolism
  • Lysine / analogs & derivatives
  • Lysine / blood
  • Lysine / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mendelian Randomization Analysis*
  • Middle Aged
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Prostatic Hyperplasia* / blood
  • Prostatic Hyperplasia* / genetics
  • Prostatic Hyperplasia* / metabolism

Substances

  • Interleukin-2
  • Lysine