Occupational Risk Factors for Skin Cancer: A Comprehensive Review

J Korean Med Sci. 2024 Nov 4;39(42):e316. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e316.

Abstract

Public health and clinical medicine should identify and characterize modifiable risk factors for skin cancer in order to facilitate primary prevention. In existing literature, the impact of occupational exposure on skin cancer, including malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, has been extensively studied. This review summarizes the available epidemiological evidence on the significance of occupational risk factors and occupations associated with a higher risk in skin cancer. The results of this review suggest that there is sufficient epidemiological evidence to support the relationship between the increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancers and occupational exposure to solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation, ionizing radiation, arsenic and its compounds, and mineral oils. Occupational exposure to pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls appears to provide sufficient epidemiological evidence for melanoma, and a higher risk of melanoma has been reported among workers in petroleum refining and firefighters. This comprehensive analysis will establish a foundation for subsequent investigations and developing targeted interventions of focused preventive measures against skin cancer among the working population.

Keywords: Melanoma; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Radiation; Risk Factors; Skin Neoplasms.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Arsenic / adverse effects
  • Arsenic / toxicity
  • Humans
  • Melanoma* / epidemiology
  • Melanoma* / etiology
  • Mineral Oil / adverse effects
  • Occupational Diseases / epidemiology
  • Occupational Diseases / etiology
  • Occupational Exposure* / adverse effects
  • Pesticides / adverse effects
  • Radiation, Ionizing
  • Risk Factors
  • Skin Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / etiology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / prevention & control
  • Sunlight / adverse effects
  • Ultraviolet Rays* / adverse effects

Substances

  • Arsenic
  • Pesticides
  • Mineral Oil