Consensus-Based Power System State Estimation Algorithm Under Collaborative Attack

Sensors (Basel). 2024 Oct 27;24(21):6886. doi: 10.3390/s24216886.

Abstract

Due to its vulnerability to a variety of cyber attacks, research on cyber security for power systems has become especially crucial. In order to maintain the safe and stable operation of power systems, it is worthwhile to gain insight into the complex characteristics and behaviors of cyber attacks from the attacker's perspective. The consensus-based distributed state estimation problem is investigated for power systems subject to collaborative attacks. In order to describe such attack behaviors, the denial of service (DoS) attack model for hybrid remote terminal unit (RTU) and phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements, and the false data injection (FDI) attack model for neighboring estimation information, are constructed. By integrating these two types of attack models, a different consensus-based distributed estimator is designed to accurately estimate the state of the power system under collaborative attacks. Then, through Lyapunov stability analysis theory, a sufficient condition is provided to ensure that the proposed distributed estimator is stable, and a suitable consensus gain matrix is devised. Finally, to confirm the viability and efficacy of the suggested algorithm, a simulation experiment on an IEEE benchmark 14-bus power system is carried out.

Keywords: collaborative attacks; denial of service attack; distributed state estimation; false data injection attack; power systems.

Grants and funding

This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62303121, 62473100, 62303125, 62373111, U23A20341, and U21A20522, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grants 2023M740750, and in part by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2022A1515110949.