Determination of prion proteins in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease using RT-QuIC: A case report from northeastern Colombia

Biomedica. 2024 Nov 6;44(4):434-440. doi: 10.7705/biomedica.7352.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by prions. We present the case of a woman in the seventh decade of life with rapidly progressive dementia and myoclonus. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions in the basal nuclei, and the electroencephalogram showed periodic bilateral epileptiform discharges. In the cerebrospinal fluid, the prion protein was detected using the real-time quaking-induced conversion test (RT-QuIC), and elevated levels of tau and 14-3-3 proteins. We emphasize the significance of determining the prion protein in the definitive diagnosis of this disease.

La enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob es una rara enfermedad neurodegenerativa causada por priones. Se presenta el caso de una mujer en la séptima década de la vida con demencia rápidamente progresiva y mioclonías. La resonancia magnética cerebral mostró lesiones en los núcleos basales y el electroencefalograma evidenció descargas epileptiformes periódicas bilaterales. En el líquido cefalorraquídeo, se detectó la proteína priónica mediante la prueba Real-Time Quaking Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) y elevación de las proteínas tau y 14-3-3. Se enfatiza la importancia de identificar la proteína priónica en el diagnóstico definitivo de esta enfermedad.

Keywords: prions; prion proteins; prion diseases; Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome; dementia; biomarkers; cerebrospinal fluid.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • 14-3-3 Proteins* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Aged
  • Kolumbien
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome* / cerebrospinal fluid
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Electroencephalography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Prion Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid
  • tau Proteins / analysis
  • tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid

Substances

  • 14-3-3 Proteins
  • tau Proteins
  • Prion Proteins