Predictive value of IL-10 and GFPA for postoperative prognosis in patients with brain glioma

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of interleukin (IL)-10 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFPA) in patients with brain glioma following surgery.

Methods: The clinical data of 75 patients with brain glioma (Observation group) who were treated at the Central Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Additionally, 40 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum levels of IL-10 and GFPA were compared between the observation group and the control group as well as across different clinicopathological characteristics of the glioma patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing postoperative brain injury in patients with brain gliomas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of preoperative IL-10 and GFPA levels for patient prognosis.

Results: Serum levels of IL-10 and GFPA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Before surgery, there was no significant differences in serum IL-10 and GFPA levels between the mild- and moderate-severity group; however, postoperatively, both markers were elevated in the moderate-severity group compared to the mild group (all P<0.05). Patients with World Health Organization (WHO) grade III-IV, mutant protein 53 (P53) genotype, and high Ki-67 expression exhibited higher IL-10 levels than their counter parts. However, the trends were conversely observed for GFAP. Pearson correlation analysis showed that IL-10 and GFPA levels were negatively associated with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores after surgery. Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-10 and GFPA were the independent risk factors for postoperative brain injury in glioma patients. The area under the curve (AUC) of IL-10 and GFPA for predicting the postoperative brain injury in glioma patients were 0.718 and 0.745, respectively; while their combined detection achieved an AUC of 0.835, which was significantly higher than each single detection.

Conclusion: Elevated serum IL-10 and GFPA levels in patients with brain glioma are associated with postoperative brain injury. IL-10 and GFPA can serve as valuable indicators for the prognostic evaluation of patients with brain gliomas.