Simple and rapid determination of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol in food contact papers based on polydopamine-polyethyleneimine copolymerization

Min Fang; Zhaojie Wang; Qing Fu; Qing Yang; Lin Xu; Yuepeng Lu; Yong Yang; Xiaoming Jiang; Yongning Wu; Zhiyong Gong; Xin Liu

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127228

Simple and rapid determination of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol in food contact papers based on polydopamine-polyethyleneimine copolymerization

Talanta. 2024 Nov 17:284:127228. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127228. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Min Fang¹, Zhaojie Wang², Qing Fu², Qing Yang², Lin Xu², Yuepeng Lu³, Yong Yang³, Xiaoming Jiang³, Yongning Wu⁴, Zhiyong Gong², Xin Liu⁵

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety, State Administration for Market Regulation, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 68Xuefu South Road, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety, State Administration for Market Regulation, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 68Xuefu South Road, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023, China.
³ Wuhan Institute for Food and Cosmetic Control, 1137 Jinshan Avenue, Wuhan, 430012, China.
⁴ Research Unit of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU014), NHC Key Lab of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment (CFSA), Beijing 100022, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety, State Administration for Market Regulation, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, 68Xuefu South Road, Changqing Garden, Wuhan, 430023, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39556972
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127228

Abstract

The aim of this work was to develop a fluorescence method based on the polydopamine-polyethyleneimine (PDA-PEI) copolymerization, which was subsequently applied for the determination of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in food contact papers (FCMs). PEI could provide an alkaline environment and then react with dopamine (DA) to produce copolymers by Michael addition and Schiff-base reactions. This copolymer has a strong fluorescence emission at 527 nm. We found that amino groups of DA and PEI could also react with 3-MCPD in an alkaline medium, which improved the morphology and fluorescence intensity of PDA-PEI copolymers. The fluorescence intensity of the polymers was linear but inversely proportional to the concentration of 3-MCPD in the range of 10.0-500.0 μg kg^-1 and the detection limit was 2 μg kg^-1. The standard addition method was used in FCMs to demonstrate the practical applicability and the spiked recoveries ranged from 99.8 to 110.3 %. Finally, the levels of 3-MCPD in different FCMs (n = 70) were determined by the proposed method. The detection frequencies ranged from 25 % to 100 % and both the highest detection frequency and levels were observed in kitchen papers. More than half of the samples did not comply with the limits recommended by the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, suggesting that 3-MCPD released from FCMs is a major route of human exposure.

Keywords: 3-MCPD; Fluorescence detection; Food safety; Polydopamine-polyethyleneimine copolymers.