Selinexor combined with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease

Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 19;14(1):28557. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79537-2.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Selinexor combined bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (XVRd) protocol in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

Methods: This is a single-arm, open, observational clinical study. For induction/consolidation(21-day cycles), patients received 8 cycles of XVRd protocol. In maintenance (28-day cycles), patients received XR (Selinexor + Lenalidomide) at least 2 years until disease progression, death or withdrawal. The primary endpoints were overall response rates and minimal residual disease negative rates.

Results: The median age of the 10 patients was 62 (range 55-81) years. R-ISS stage 3 was present in 2 (20%) patients. 3 patients had high risk cytogenetic and 1 patient with plasma cell leukocyte. According to IMWG criteria, the ORR of 10 patients with NDMM was 100%, including 2 stringent complete response (sCR), 2 complete remission (CR), 4 very good partial response (VGPR) and 2 partial response (PR). Median progression-free survival and overall survival were not achieved. The most common grade 3-4 treatment-emergent adverse events (occurring in 10% of patients) were thrombocytopenia. The most common non-hematological adverse events were grade 1 or 2, including nausea (30%), fatigue (40%), and anorexia (20%). Overall, the severe toxicities were manageable.

Conclusion: The XVRd regimen had good efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

Keywords: Extramedullary disease; Multiple myeloma; Selinexor.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • Bortezomib* / administration & dosage
  • Bortezomib* / adverse effects
  • Bortezomib* / therapeutic use
  • Dexamethasone* / administration & dosage
  • Dexamethasone* / adverse effects
  • Dexamethasone* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrazines* / administration & dosage
  • Hydrazines* / adverse effects
  • Hydrazines* / therapeutic use
  • Lenalidomide* / administration & dosage
  • Lenalidomide* / adverse effects
  • Lenalidomide* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma* / drug therapy
  • Multiple Myeloma* / pathology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Triazoles* / administration & dosage
  • Triazoles* / adverse effects
  • Triazoles* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Dexamethasone
  • Lenalidomide
  • Triazoles
  • Bortezomib
  • selinexor
  • Hydrazines