Advances in the Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Cancer Med. 2024 Nov;13(22):e70410. doi: 10.1002/cam4.70410.

Abstract

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high aggressiveness, high malignancy, and poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes.

Objective: This review aims to explore recent advances in understanding TNBC and to provide new insights and potential references for clinical treatment.

Methods: We examined current literature on TNBC to analyze molecular subtypes, genetic mutations, signaling pathways, mechanisms of drug resistance, and emerging therapies.

Results: Findings highlight key aspects of TNBC's molecular subtypes, relevant mutations, and pathways, alongside emerging treatments that target drug resistance mechanisms.

Conclusion: These insights into TNBC pathogenesis may help guide future therapeutic strategies and improve clinical outcomes for patients with TNBC.

Keywords: classification; drug resistance; genomic alterations; signaling pathways; triple‐negative breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm* / genetics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Mutation*
  • Prognosis
  • Signal Transduction*
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor