Broncaspin (guacetisal) has been administered rectally to 42 children suffering from inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower airways, most cases being complicated by bronchospasm. Treatment involving a dose of 1-2 suppositories of 0.5 g/die up to six years of age, and 2 suppositories/die after the sixth year always produced a good antipyretic and anti-cough effect. The preparation was outstanding for speed of action, local and general tolerance, and the absence of haematological, hepatic or renal side-effects. The new drug is considered to be a valuable instrument for anti-inflammatory and anti-cough treatment in acute diseases of the airways in infancy.