HIV-induced syncytia in peripheral blood cell cultures crawl by extending giant pseudopods

Cell Immunol. 1995 Dec;166(2):261-74. doi: 10.1006/cimm.1995.9971.

Abstract

It was previously demonstrated that HIV-induced syncytia of the immortalized T cell line SupT1 reorganize their cytoskeleton and form a spherical supernuclear complex, thus mimicking the organization, polarity, and morphology of a single SupT1 cell. Then, through extension of a single, giant pseudopod, these syncytia, which grow to more than 100 times the volume of a single SupT1 cell, translocate along a substratum. To verify that syncytium motility is not peculiar to the SupT1 cell line, we have analyzed the cytoskeletal organization and motile capabilities of HIV-induced syncytia formed in peripheral blood cell cultures containing more than 90% CD4-positive cells. The results demonstrate that although peripheral blood T cells differ from SupT1 cells in size and morphology, they are continuously motile and translocate along a substratum in a manner quite similar to that of SupT1 cells, and peripheral blood T cell syncytia induced by HIV-1LAI as well as two additional clinical isolates translocate by the extension of a giant anterior pseudopod in a fashion indistinguishable from that of HIV-induced SupT1 syncytia. Together, these results support the generalization that HIV-induced T cell syncytia are motile.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / pathology*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / virology
  • Cell Fusion
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Movement
  • Cell Nucleus / pathology
  • Cytoplasm / pathology
  • Cytoplasm / virology
  • Giant Cells / pathology*
  • Giant Cells / virology
  • HIV Infections / pathology
  • HIV-1 / isolation & purification
  • HIV-1 / pathogenicity*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pseudopodia / pathology*
  • Pseudopodia / virology