Cefuroxime levels were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of four patients with traumatic brain injury following the implantation of intraventricular catheters. The levels ranged from 0.15 to 2.03 micrograms/mL in CSF and from 1.8 to 66.9 micrograms/mL in serum. No ventriculostomy related infections were detected.