Determination of amphetamine, methamphetamine and dimethamphetamine in human urine by solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl. 1998 Sep 25;716(1-2):359-65. doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(98)00304-1.

Abstract

A simple and rapid assay method for three stimulant drugs (amphetamine, methamphetamine, and dimethamphetamine) in human urine using solid-phase microextraction was developed. In solid-phase microextraction, the drugs were equilibrated between the adsorbent coated-fiber and aqueous sample matrix. After adsorption of the analytes, the fiber was directly transferred to the injector of a gas chromatograph, where the analytes were thermally desorbed and subsequently separated by the gas chromatograph and detected by mass spectrometer. The solid-phase microextraction method, which did not require solvents, was found to be a fast and simple analytical method. We optimized the solid-phase microextraction technique, for factors such as the NaCl salt effect (30%), pH effect (pH=12.4), equilibration time (30 min), desorption time (1 min) and coated-fiber type (100 microm poly(dimethylsiloxane)) and detected the stimulants in human urine, obtained from human subjects. The detection limits of each drug were below 1-10 ng/ml. The developed method can be applied to the abused drug test.

MeSH terms

  • Amphetamine / urine*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / methods*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Methamphetamine / urine*
  • Osmolar Concentration
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sodium Chloride / pharmacology
  • Substance Abuse Detection

Substances

  • Methamphetamine
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Amphetamine