Лолойские языки: различия между версиями
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{{Язык |
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{{Infobox language family |
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|name=Loloish |
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|имя = Лолойские языки |
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|altname=Ngwi, Yi |
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|самоназвание = ꆇꉙ Nuosu [nɔ̄sū] |
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|region=Southern [[China]] and [[Southeast Asia]] |
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|страны = [[Китай]] |
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|ethnicity=[[Yi people]] |
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|регионы = [[Сычуань]], [[Юньнань]] |
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|familycolor=Sino-Tibetan |
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|официальный язык = |
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|fam2=([[Tibeto-Burman languages|Tibeto-Burman]]) |
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|регулирующая организация = |
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|fam3=[[Lolo–Burmese languages|Lolo–Burmese]] |
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|число носителей = ? млн. (1991) |
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|child1=[[Northern Loloish|Northern]] |
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|рейтинг = |
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|child2=[[Central Loloish|Central]] |
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|статус = |
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|child3=[[Southern Loloish|Southern]] |
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|вымер = |
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|child4=?''[[Ugong language|’Ugong]]'' |
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|категория = [[Языки Евразии]] |
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|child5=[[Southeastern Loloish|Southeastern]] |
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|классификация = |
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[[Сино-тибетская семья]] |
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| silname = Loloish |
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:[[Тибето-бирманские языки|Тибето-бирманская подсемья]] |
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| sil2 = 757-16 |
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::[[Лоло-бирманские языки|Лоло-бирманская ветвь]] |
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| silname2 = Ngwi |
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:::[[Лолойские языки|Группа лоло]] |
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|письмо = [[Письменность и|и]], [[латиница]] |
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|ГОСТ 7.75–97 = |
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|ISO1 = |
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|ISO2 = |
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|ISO3 = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Лолойские языки''', также известны как '''Нгви''' или в Китае как '''[[И (народ)|И]]''', группа от 50 до 100 языков в Тибето-бирманских языках. Они очень близки к Бирманским языкам. Обе Лолойские и бирманские ветви языков хорошо объединены в Лоло-бирманские языки. However, subclassification is more contentious. Все Лолойские языки подвергались влиянию мон-кхмерских языков.<ref>Thurgood & LaPolla, 2003, ''The Sino-Tibetan languages'', p. 9</ref> |
'''Лолойские языки''', также известны как '''Нгви''' или в Китае как '''[[И (народ)|И]]''', группа от 50 до 100 языков в Тибето-бирманских языках. Они очень близки к Бирманским языкам. Обе Лолойские и бирманские ветви языков хорошо объединены в Лоло-бирманские языки. However, subclassification is more contentious. Все Лолойские языки подвергались влиянию мон-кхмерских языков.<ref>Thurgood & LaPolla, 2003, ''The Sino-Tibetan languages'', p. 9</ref> |
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==Название== |
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==Name== |
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''Loloish'' is the traditional name for the family. Some publications avoid the term under the misapprehension that ''Lolo'' is pejorative. ''Lolo'' is the Chinese name for the Yi people, but it is only pejorative when written with a particular Chinese character (one that uses a beast rather than human radical), and that practice has been stopped in China.<ref>Benedict, Paul K. (1987). "[http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/benedict1987autonyms.pdf Autonyms: ought or ought not]." ''Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area'' 10: 188. Italics in original.</ref> (See [[Yi people]].) |
''Loloish'' is the traditional name for the family. Some publications avoid the term under the misapprehension that ''Lolo'' is pejorative. ''Lolo'' is the Chinese name for the Yi people, but it is only pejorative when written with a particular Chinese character (one that uses a beast rather than human radical), and that practice has been stopped in China.<ref>Benedict, Paul K. (1987). "[http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/benedict1987autonyms.pdf Autonyms: ought or ought not]." ''Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area'' 10: 188. Italics in original.</ref> (See [[Yi people]].) |
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==Классификация== |
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==Internal classification== |
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Loloish is traditionally divided into a northern branch, with Lisu and the numerous [[Yi languages]], and a southern branch, with everything else. However, per Thurgood (2003:8) there is also a central branch, with languages from both northern and southern. Bradley (2002) adds a fourth, southeastern branch: |
Loloish is traditionally divided into a northern branch, with Lisu and the numerous [[Yi languages]], and a southern branch, with everything else. However, per Thurgood (2003:8) there is also a central branch, with languages from both northern and southern. Bradley (2002) adds a fourth, southeastern branch: |
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*'''[[ |
*'''[[Северное лоло]]''': [[Nuosu language|Nuosu]], [[Nasu language|Nasu]], etc. |
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*'''[[ |
*'''[[Центральное лоло]]''': [[Lisu language|Lisu]]–[[Lipho language|Lipho]] (incl. [[Lolopo language|Lolopo]], [[Lalo language|Lalo]]), [[Micha language|Micha]] (Central) Yi, [[Lahu language|Lahu]], [[Jinuo language|Jinuo]], etc. |
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*'''[[ |
*'''[[Южное лоло]]''': [[Akha language|Akha]]–[[Hani language|Hani]], [[Phunoi language|Phunoi]]–[[Bisu language|Bisu]], [[Pholo language|Pholo]], and [[Ugong language|’Ugong]] (aberrant) |
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*'''[[ |
*'''[[Юго-восточное лоло]]''': [[Nisu language|Nisu]], [[Phula language|Phula]], [[Sani language|Sani]], [[Azha language|Azha]], [[Khlula language|Khlula]], [[Muji language|Muji]], [[Phowa language|Phowa]], etc. |
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The [[Tujia language]] is difficult to classify due to massive influence from both Yi and Chinese. However, it may turn out to be a Loloish language. [[Bai language|Bai]] also has numerous connections to Loloish, but its oldest core of vocabulary appears to be [[Old Chinese]], and so it may be a [[Sinitic languages|Sinitic]] rather than Loloish language. Other unclassified Loloish languages are [[Gokhy language|Gokhy]] (Gɔkhý) and [[Zauzou language|Zauzou]]. |
The [[Tujia language]] is difficult to classify due to massive influence from both Yi and Chinese. However, it may turn out to be a Loloish language. [[Bai language|Bai]] also has numerous connections to Loloish, but its oldest core of vocabulary appears to be [[Old Chinese]], and so it may be a [[Sinitic languages|Sinitic]] rather than Loloish language. Other unclassified Loloish languages are [[Gokhy language|Gokhy]] (Gɔkhý) and [[Zauzou language|Zauzou]]. |
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Версия от 12:55, 7 апреля 2012
| Лолойские языки | |
|---|---|
| Самоназвание | ꆇꉙ Nuosu [nɔ̄sū] |
| Страны | Китай |
| Регионы | Сычуань, Юньнань |
| Общее число говорящих | ? млн. (1991) |
| Классификация | |
| Категория | Языки Евразии |
| Письменность | и, латиница |
| LINGUIST List | lols |
Лолойские языки, также известны как Нгви или в Китае как И, группа от 50 до 100 языков в Тибето-бирманских языках. Они очень близки к Бирманским языкам. Обе Лолойские и бирманские ветви языков хорошо объединены в Лоло-бирманские языки. However, subclassification is more contentious. Все Лолойские языки подвергались влиянию мон-кхмерских языков.[1]
Название
Loloish is the traditional name for the family. Some publications avoid the term under the misapprehension that Lolo is pejorative. Lolo is the Chinese name for the Yi people, but it is only pejorative when written with a particular Chinese character (one that uses a beast rather than human radical), and that practice has been stopped in China.[2] (See Yi people.)
Классификация
Loloish is traditionally divided into a northern branch, with Lisu and the numerous Yi languages, and a southern branch, with everything else. However, per Thurgood (2003:8) there is also a central branch, with languages from both northern and southern. Bradley (2002) adds a fourth, southeastern branch:
- Северное лоло: Nuosu, Nasu, etc.
- Центральное лоло: Lisu–Lipho (incl. Lolopo, Lalo), Micha (Central) Yi, Lahu, Jinuo, etc.
- Южное лоло: Akha–Hani, Phunoi–Bisu, Pholo, and ’Ugong (aberrant)
- Юго-восточное лоло: Nisu, Phula, Sani, Azha, Khlula, Muji, Phowa, etc.
The Tujia language is difficult to classify due to massive influence from both Yi and Chinese. However, it may turn out to be a Loloish language. Bai also has numerous connections to Loloish, but its oldest core of vocabulary appears to be Old Chinese, and so it may be a Sinitic rather than Loloish language. Other unclassified Loloish languages are Gokhy (Gɔkhý) and Zauzou.
Литература
- George van Driem (2001) Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region. Brill.
- ↑ Thurgood & LaPolla, 2003, The Sino-Tibetan languages, p. 9
- ↑ Benedict, Paul K. (1987). "Autonyms: ought or ought not." Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 10: 188. Italics in original.