ná
Hokkien
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of ná – see 哪 (“which; what; any; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 哪). |
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ná
- (transitive, with dative) to reach (a place)
- (transitive, with dative) to get, catch, apprehend (a physical object)
- (transitive, with dative) to reach, attain (a goal)
- Ég mun ná heimsyfirráðum!
- I will attain world domination!
- Ég mun ná heimsyfirráðum!
Conjugation
[edit]This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Irish ná (“don't”, prohibitive particle).
Particle
[edit]ná
- don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Ná déan sin.
- Don’t do that.
- Ná habair é.
- Don’t mention it.
- may...not (particle used with raibh, the present subjunctive of bí, to introduce a negative wish)
- Dealbh ná raibh tú.
- May you never be destitute.
- (Munster) Alternative form of nach (“not”) (in questions; triggers h-prothesis; used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
- Ná fuil ocras ort?
- Are you not hungry?
- Chonac í, ná facas?
- I saw her, didn’t I?
Conjunction
[edit]ná (triggers h-prothesis, used with the dependent form of an irregular verb if there is one)
- (Munster) Alternative form of nach (“that...not”)
- Dúirt sé ná raibh carr aige.
- He said that he didn’t have a car.
Etymology 2
[edit]Conjunction
[edit]ná
- nor
- Níl deartháir ná deirfiúr agam.
- I have neither brother nor sister.
- used between two identical or similar words to intensify a negative
- Ní fhaca sí solas ná solas.
- She saw no light whatsoever.
- (literally, “She didn’t see light or light).”)
Etymology 3
[edit]From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).
Alternative forms
[edit]- ioná (archaic)
- 'ná (superseded)
Conjunction
[edit]ná (triggers h-prothesis)
- than
- Is airde Máire ná Peadar.
- Mary is taller than Peter.
- but (used rhetorically in direct and indirect questions)
- Cé a bhí ina shuí ann ná m’athair féin?
- Who was sitting there but my own father?
- used to connect a predicate noun to its subject in a cleft sentence introduced by a copular form
- Is é a dúirt sé ná gur dhíol sé a ríomhaire lena chara.
- What he said was that he sold his computer to his friend.
- 1907, Peadar Ua Laoghaire, Séadna, page 6:
- Bhí fear ann fad ó agus isé ainim a bhí air ’ná Séadna.
- Once upon a time there was a man and the name that he had was Séadna.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ná”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ná”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 87
- “ná”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Lashi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Related to nang.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ná
Synonyms
[edit]References
[edit]- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[1], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Mandarin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Romanization
[edit]- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嗱
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拏/拿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 拿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 挏
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 訣/诀
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 誽/𰵵
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鎿/镎
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 镎
Navajo
[edit]Postposition
[edit]ná
Inflection
[edit]Northern Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]ná
Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Old Irish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Uncertain. According to Matasović originally short /na/, from Proto-Celtic *ne, from Proto-Indo-European *ne (“not”).[1] According to Dunkel from Proto-Celtic *nā, from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁, from *ne + adverbial suffix *-h₁. In Old Irish the expected outcome would be *nú in a final syllable. The variant with á would adopted from originally disyllabic forms like nád (relative) and nách (before infixed pronoun).[2]
Particle
[edit]ná (triggers /h/-prothesis)
- don’t, let…not (particle used to introduce a negative imperative)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
- Ná bíth i cobadlus doïb, ar atá torad la gnímu soilse .i. praemia aeterna ní ḟil immurgu acht infructuosa.
- Do not be in fellowship with them, for there is fruit with works of light, i.e. praemia aeterna. There is nothing [with works of darkness], however, save infructuosa.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 25c6
- Hóre ammi maicc laí et soilse, ná seichem nahísiu.
- Since we are children of day and light, let us not follow these things.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 55a1
- Ná déne ainmnit.
- Do not show patience.
- (literally, “Do not do patience.”)
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b26
Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ná, na”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 862, 868, pages 539, 542
Etymology 2
[edit]Maybe from Proto-Celtic *nāwe (“or not”), from Proto-Indo-European *nó-h₁ (“not”) + *-we (“or”). Compare nó (“or”).
Particle
[edit]ná (triggers /h/-prothesis)
- nor
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 49d3
- .i. ní·frithalim-se rucai na m‑mebuil dam hisa suithin ma fris·accar hi t-ainm-siu a dǽ
- i.e. I expect neither shame nor disgrace to me for ever, if I hope in Your name, O God.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 49d3
Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “4 ná”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 865, page 540
References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*ne, *ni, *nī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 286
- ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) “2.*nó-h₁ ‘nicht’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 531
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *nēhwāną, related to (or derived from) Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz (“near”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach”).
Verb
[edit]ná (singular past indicative náði, plural past indicative náðu, past participle nát)
- (transitive, with dative) to get hold of, reach, overtake
- to get, obtain
- (with infinitive) to be able to, to be allowed to
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | ná | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándi, náandi | |
past participle | náðr | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | nái | náða |
2nd-person singular | náir | náðir |
3rd-person singular | náir | náði |
1st-person plural | nám | náðum |
2nd-person plural | náið | náðuð |
3rd-person plural | ná | náðu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | ná | næða |
2nd-person singular | náir | næðir |
3rd-person singular | nái | næði |
1st-person plural | náim | næðim |
2nd-person plural | náið | næðið |
3rd-person plural | nái | næði |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | ná | |
1st-person plural | nám | |
2nd-person plural | náið |
infinitive | násk | |
---|---|---|
present participle | nándisk, náandisk | |
past participle | názk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | náðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | náðisk |
1st-person plural | námsk | náðumsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | náðuzk |
3rd-person plural | násk | náðusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | námk | næðumk |
2nd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
3rd-person singular | náisk | næðisk |
1st-person plural | náimsk | næðimsk |
2nd-person plural | náizk | næðizk |
3rd-person plural | náisk | næðisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | násk | |
1st-person plural | námsk | |
2nd-person plural | náizk |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ná in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Portuguese
[edit]Interjection
[edit]ná
- Eye dialect spelling of não.
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ná
Tày
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA(key): [naː˧˥]
- (Trùng Khánh) IPA(key): [naː˦]
Etymology 1
[edit]Adverb
[edit]ná
- not (negates meaning of verb)
- ná chin ― not eat
- ná chắc ― not know
- slon lụ ná ― study or not
Etymology 2
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ná
Verb
[edit]ná
- to be blocked
- Slủng ná đạn.
- The gun was clogged.
References
[edit]- Hoàng Văn Ma, Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
- Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary][3][4] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên
- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][5] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Vietic *s-naːʔ (“crossbow”), from Proto-Mon-Khmer *snaʔ (“crossbow”). Cognate with Thavung ซะน่า, Khmer ស្នា (snaa), Koho söna. Doublet of nỏ.
Pain (2020) tentatively considered this to be a Chinese loan, from 弩 (OC *C.nˤaʔ) (B-S) (SV: nỗ), into Austroasiatic and Tai languages, likely through proto-Vietic.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit](classifier cái, chiếc) ná • (𫸶)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]- Chinese lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese determiners
- Hokkien determiners
- Chinese pronouns
- Hokkien pronouns
- Hokkien pe̍h-ōe-jī forms
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/auː
- Rhymes:Icelandic/auː/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic transitive verbs
- Most used Icelandic verbs
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
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- Irish terms with quotations
- Lashi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lashi lemmas
- Lashi pronouns
- Lashi possessive pronouns
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Hanyu Pinyin
- Mandarin non-lemma forms
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- Navajo terms with usage examples
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 1-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
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- R:Álgu lacking id
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish terms with unknown etymologies
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
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- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂neḱ-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse transitive verbs
- Old Norse class 3 weak verbs
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- Rhymes:Spanish/a
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- Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic
- Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic
- Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Mon-Khmer
- Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer
- Vietnamese doublets
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- Vietnamese nouns classified by cái
- Vietnamese nouns classified by chiếc
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese dialectal terms
- vi:Weapons
- vi:Toys