ren
Englisch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin rēn. Doublet of rein (“kidney”).
Nomen
[edit]ren (plural renes)
- (anatomy) A kidney.
- 1759, Malcolm Flemyng, “Lecture XIX. On the kidneys and urinary bladder. Gravel; calculus.”, in An Introduction to Physiology, Being a Courſe of Lectures Upon the moſt important Parts of the Animal Œconomy: […], London: J. Nourse, →OCLC, page 259:
- Having treated laſt of the expulſion of the inteſtinal fæces, we come next to conſider thoſe organs, which ſeparate and throw off another principal excrementitious matter, to wit, urine. The firſt of which is the renes or kidneys.
- 1810, William Tully, “On Aliment”, in Proceedings of the Presidents and Fellows of the Connecticut Medical Society, published 1884, page 326:
- We find, however, that the detrita, consisting principally of effete hydrogen and carbon, brought into the circulation by the absorbents, are constantly making their escape from the system by way of the renes, skin, and lungs, in the forms of water, and carbonic-acid.
- 1858, William Tully, Materia Medica; Or, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, page 1195:
- It would probably have been considered an important omission if I had not mentioned Water as a substance excreted freely by the renes or kidneys.
- 1893, Henry Power, Leonard William Sedgwick, The New Sydenham Society's Lexicon of Medicine and the Allied Sciences:
- Renal. Belonging to the ren or kidney.
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Learned borrowing from Egyptian rn,
|
Nomen
[edit]ren (plural rens)
- (Egyptian mythology) One’s name, as part of the soul in ancient Egyptian mythology.
- 1983, Norman Mailer, Ancient Evenings:
- For the Ren did not belong to the man, but came out of the Celestial Waters to enter an infant in the hour of his birth and might not stir again until it was time to go back.
Anagrams
[edit]Albanian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The Tosk (Çamërisht, Arbëreshë/Arvanite) and also Old Albanian form of Standard Albanian re (“cloud, clouds”).
Nomen
[edit]ren f
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren m (plural rens)
Chinese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ren
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, computer graphics) to render
- ren片 [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― ren pin3-2 [Jyutping] ― to render a video
Chuukese
[edit]Preposition
[edit]ren
- with (third person singular)
Cimbrian
[edit]Verb
[edit]ren
References
[edit]- Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Dänisch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Norse hreinn m, from Proto-Germanic *hrainaz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, Old English hrān.
Nomen
[edit]ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rener)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “ren,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse rein f, from Proto-Germanic *rainō, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German Rain (English rean is from Old Norse).
Nomen
[edit]ren c (singular definite renen, plural indefinite rene or rener)
- (rare, real estate, agriculture) a strip of unplowed land serving as a boundary between estates
- Synonym: agerren
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “ren,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 3
[edit]From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz, cognate with Norwegian rein, Swedish ren, German rein, Gothic 𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (hrains).
Adjective
[edit]ren (neuter rent, plural and definite singular attributive rene)
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of ren | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | ren | renere | renest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | rent | renere | renest2 |
Plural | rene | renere | renest2 |
Definite attributive1 | rene | renere | reneste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “ren,3” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch rinne, renne.
Nomen
[edit]ren f (plural rennen, diminutive rennetje n)
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]ren
- inflection of rennen:
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese ren, from Latin rēs nāta, neutral plural of rēs nātum, Latin no things.
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]ren
References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “ren”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “ren”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ren”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ren”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Haitian Creole
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren
Interlingua
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren (plural renes)
Japanese
[edit]Romanization
[edit]ren
Latin
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain. Several etymologies proposed:[1]
- From Proto-Italic *hrēn, cognate with Ancient Greek φρήν (phrḗn, “heart, midriff, mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰrḗn (“an internal part of the body”).
- Earlier *srēn, cognate with Old Prussian straunay, Lithuanian strė́nos, srė́nos f pl (“loins”), Latvian striena (“loins”) and Avestan 𐬭𐬁𐬥𐬀- (rāna-, “thigh”), from Proto-Indo-European *srḗn (“hip, loins”). Further disputed connection with Ancient Greek ῥάχις (rhákhis, “spine, chine”).[2]
- Cognate with Tocharian A āriñc, Tocharian B arañce (“heart”) and Hittite 𒄩𒄩𒊑 (ḫa-ḫa-ri- /ḫaḫri-/, “lungs ~ midriff ?”) (exact meaning uncertain), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂-ri-, *h₂eh₂-r-en- (“an internal organ”). Compare also Old Irish áru and Welsh aren (“kidney”).[3][4][5]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /reːn/, [reːn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ren/, [rɛn]
Nomen
[edit]rēn m (genitive rēnis); third declension
Declension
[edit]Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | rēn | rēnēs |
Genitive | rēnis | rēnum |
Dative | rēnī | rēnibus |
Accusative | rēnem | rēnēs |
Ablative | rēne | rēnibus |
Vocative | rēn | rēnēs |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “rēnēs, -ium”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 519: “PIt. *rēn-.; PIE *h₂r-ēn, -en- ‘kidney’? *srēn- ‘loins’?”
- ^ Mastrelli, Carlo Alberto (1979) “Una nota su lat. rēnēs e gr. ῥάχις”, in Incontri Linguistici, volume 5, pages 37–42
- ^ Tocharian and Indo-European Studies, volumes 4-6, (Can we date this quote?)
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “arañce”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 23
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*āron-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 42
Further reading
[edit]- “ren”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ren”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ren in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ren in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Mandarin
[edit]Romanization
[edit]ren
- Nonstandard spelling of rén.
- Nonstandard spelling of rěn.
- Nonstandard spelling of rèn.
Usage notes
[edit]- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Manx
[edit]Verb
[edit]ren
Middle English
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren
- Alternative form of reyn (“rain”)
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- rein (Nynorsk also)
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]ren (neuter singular rent, definite singular and plural rene, comparative renere, indefinite superlative renest, definite superlative reneste)
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “ren” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Occitan
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren m (plural rens)
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal variants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Latin rem, accusative of rēs (“thing”). Compare Catalan res (“nothing”), French rien (“nothing”).
Pronoun
[edit]ren
Dialectal variants
[edit]Old English
[edit]Nomen
[edit]rēn m
- Alternative form of reġn
Piedmontese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren m
Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from North Germanic. Compare Norwegian Bokmål rein, Swedish ren.
Nomen
[edit]ren m animal (female equivalent reniferzyca)
- caribou, reindeer (Arctic and Subarctic-dwelling deer)
- Synonyms: karibu, renifer, renifer tundrowy
Declension
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Learned borrowing from Latin rhenium.
Nomen
[edit]Chemical element | |
---|---|
Re | |
Previous: wolfram (W) | |
Next: osm (Os) |
ren m inan
Declension
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- ren in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ren in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Romanian
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Caribou.jpg/220px-Caribou.jpg)
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from French renne, from Swedish ren, from Old Norse hreinn.
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren m (plural reni)
Declension
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xrěnъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]rȅn m (Cyrillic spelling ре̏н)
Declension
[edit]Swedish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren c
- reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)
- 1949, “Rudolf med röda mulen [Rudolf with the red nose]”, Eric Sandström (lyrics), Johnny Marks (music)[1]:
- Rudolf med röda mulen, hette en helt vanlig ren, som blivit kall om mulen, därav kom dess röda sken. Rudolf fick alltid höra: "Se, han har sitt dimljus på!" Att han blev led åt detta, är en sak man kan förstå. Men en mörk julaftonskväll, tomtefar han sa: "Vill du inte Rudolf, säg, med din mule lysa mig?" Allt sen den dagen renen, tomtens egen släde drar. Rudolf med röda mulen, lyser väg åt tomtefar.
- Rudolf with the red nose, was the name of a [completely] ordinary reindeer, who had gotten a cold nose [had become cold about/around the nose], thence [thereof] came its red glow. Rudolf always got to hear: "Look, he has his fog light on!" That he got tired of this, is something one can understand. But one dark Christmas Eve night, Santa Claus, he said: "Don't you want to, Rudolf, say, with your nose, light my way [light me]?" Ever since that day the reindeer, Santa's own sleigh pulls. Rudolf with the red nose, lights Santa Claus's way [lights way for Santa Claus].
- (chiefly in compounds) a strip of land around an edge (of a road or field or the like)
Declension
[edit]Declension of ren | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ren | renen | renar | renarna |
Genitive | rens | renens | renars | renarnas |
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Old Norse hreinn (“clean”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz.
Adjective
[edit]ren (comparative renare, superlative renast)
- clean (not dirty)
- En tvättmaskin gör kläder rena
- A washing machine makes clothes clean
- Jag har städat stugan, så nu är det rent och fint där inne
- I've cleaned the cabin, so now it's nice and clean in there
- pure
- rent guld
- pure gold
- en ren lögn
- a pure lie
- ren idioti
- pure idiocy
- straight (without anything added)
- dricka vodka rent
- drink vodka straight
Declension
[edit]Inflection of ren | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | ren | renare | renast |
Neuter singular | rent | renare | renast |
Plural | rena | renare | renast |
Masculine plural3 | rene | renare | renast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | rene | renare | renaste |
Alle | rena | renare | renaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ren in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- ren in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- ren in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
[edit]Tok Pisin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren
Vietnamese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]Verb
[edit]Wolof
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren
- last year
References
[edit]Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 155
Wutunhua
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]ren
References
[edit]- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛn
- Rhymes:English/ɛn/1 syllable
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English learned borrowings from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Anatomy
- English terms with quotations
- English terms borrowed from Egyptian
- English learned borrowings from Egyptian
- English terms derived from Egyptian
- en:Egyptian mythology
- en:Ancient Egypt
- en:Nephrology
- en:Onomastics
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian feminine nouns
- Catalan terms borrowed from French
- Catalan terms derived from French
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Cervids
- Cantonese clippings
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- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Cantonese lemmas
- Cantonese verbs
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- zh:Computer graphics
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- Chuukese prepositions
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian verbs
- cim:Talking
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
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- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms with rare senses
- da:Real estate
- da:Agriculture
- Danish adjectives
- da:Cervids
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛn
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛn/1 syllable
- Dutch terms with homophones
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch lemmas
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- Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
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- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Galician lemmas
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- Haitian Creole terms with IPA pronunciation
- Haitian Creole lemmas
- Haitian Creole nouns
- Interlingua lemmas
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- Japanese non-lemma forms
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- Latin terms with unknown etymologies
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- Latin 1-syllable words
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- Latin lemmas
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- la:Organs
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- Occitan terms inherited from Latin
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- Occitan terms with IPA pronunciation
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- oc:Anatomy
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- Provençal
- Limousin
- Old English lemmas
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- Piedmontese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Piedmontese lemmas
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- Polish 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/ɛn
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- pl:Chemical elements
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- pl:Male animals
- pl:Reindeers
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- sh:Vegetables
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