“”
Über uns
Zee Kin is presently the Chief Executive of the Singapore Academy of Law. Prior to this…
Activity
-
The EU's recent AI Act has naturally prompted questions about how different powers are responding to AI. Singapore, for instance, has forged its own…
The EU's recent AI Act has naturally prompted questions about how different powers are responding to AI. Singapore, for instance, has forged its own…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
In an era where #AI is rapidly reshaping industries and societies, the #legal profession stands at a critical juncture ⚖️🤖 At Tech3 Forum 2024, Dr.…
In an era where #AI is rapidly reshaping industries and societies, the #legal profession stands at a critical juncture ⚖️🤖 At Tech3 Forum 2024, Dr.…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Pleased to have had this piece published today!
Pleased to have had this piece published today!
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
Erleben Sie
Bildung
-
Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy
-
Awarded a certificate of completion for the Senior Fellowship in Public Service Programme 2020-2021, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore.
-
-
-
-
Activities and Societies: Singapore Law Review
-
-
Publications
-
Clear and present harm of AI - How data protection principles may help
DataGuidance
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a topic that has caught the world's attention in recent years, not least in the last six months when generative AI took the internet by storm. Accolades of its usefulness are quickly followed by cautions over the harm that AI poses. When we think of this harm, some speak of existential risks and job displacement. Artificial general intelligence is still very much in the realm of theory and philosophy when considering the latest generation of large language models…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a topic that has caught the world's attention in recent years, not least in the last six months when generative AI took the internet by storm. Accolades of its usefulness are quickly followed by cautions over the harm that AI poses. When we think of this harm, some speak of existential risks and job displacement. Artificial general intelligence is still very much in the realm of theory and philosophy when considering the latest generation of large language models (LLMs), despite how some might subjectively feel that they are sentient. Technological job displacement is real but, historically, took place over years, if not decades.
Retracting our focus from the horizon, we cannot ignore the clear and present harm posed by the AI systems we use daily. These broadly emanate from bias and discrimination and, with generative AI, harm that flows from the ease of creation and dissemination of deepfakes and misinformation. Depending on its nature, harm posed by AI systems can affect individuals or groups of individuals, such as a segment of customers or a section of the public. Furthermore, while we often discuss harm in the context where it is the use of AI that may result in harm, we should also consider whether harm may arise from omission. That is, there may be circumstances where harm may arise from a decision not to use AI. Yeong Zee Kin, from the Singapore Academy of Law, discusses regulations surrounding AI and how data protection principles could help minimize the risks of harm. -
Technology Regulation in the Digital Economy
Academy Publishing
The digital economy is an integral part of our daily lives. We spend a significant amount of our time on social media services, e-commerce marketplaces and other online apps and platforms, but how much do we know about the policies and regulations that keep us safe and businesses honest? Additionally, the ubiquity of data-driven technologies, such as online search services, digital advertising and artificial intelligence, has prompted the need for regulations to safeguard consumer interests and…
The digital economy is an integral part of our daily lives. We spend a significant amount of our time on social media services, e-commerce marketplaces and other online apps and platforms, but how much do we know about the policies and regulations that keep us safe and businesses honest? Additionally, the ubiquity of data-driven technologies, such as online search services, digital advertising and artificial intelligence, has prompted the need for regulations to safeguard consumer interests and expectations of privacy. As data is also an asset and important input for innovation and competitiveness, business-to-business tensions over access to and use of data are starting to froth.
Academy Publishing's upcoming new title Technology Regulation in the Digital Economy covers:
- How telecommunications regulations ensure that the communications infrastructure simply works
- How net neutrality laws ensure that digital infrastructure is accessible to all businesses and end users who need to get online
- How online intermediaries that provide online platform services are regulated in order to support competition and innovation, while ensuring that public spaces are safe for consumers and children
- How data – that key output from our online activity – is regulated so that cross-border transfers can take place
- How data can be used to provide better business-to-consumer products, increase business efficiency and improve customer experience
- How the access to and use of data are undergoing increasing regulation under international and domestic laws -
"Harmony in Chaos" in Artificial Intelligence in Finance: Challenges, Opportunities and Regulatory Developments (Remolina & Gurrea-Martinez, Eds)
Edward Elgar Publishing
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the primary challenges, opportunities and regulatory developments associated with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the financial sector. It will show that, while AI has the potential to promote a more inclusive and competitive financial system, the increasing use of AI may bring certain risks and regulatory challenges that need to be addressed by regulators and policymakers.
Other authorsSee publication -
"Taking Your Data with You: Singapore's Approach to Data Portability" in Open Banking (Linda Jeng, Ed)
Oxford University Press
Open banking is a silent revolution transforming the banking industry. It is the manifestation of the revolution of consumer technology in banking and will dramatically change not only how we bank, but also the world of finance and how we interact with it. Since the United Kingdom along with the rest of the European Union adopted rules requiring banks to share customer data to improve competition in the banking sector, a wave of countries from Asia to Africa to the Americas have adopted various…
Open banking is a silent revolution transforming the banking industry. It is the manifestation of the revolution of consumer technology in banking and will dramatically change not only how we bank, but also the world of finance and how we interact with it. Since the United Kingdom along with the rest of the European Union adopted rules requiring banks to share customer data to improve competition in the banking sector, a wave of countries from Asia to Africa to the Americas have adopted various forms of their own open banking regimes. Among Basel Committee jurisdictions, at least fifteen jurisdictions have some form of open banking, and this number does not even include the many jurisdictions outside the Basel Committee membership with open banking activities. Although U.S. banks and market participants have been sharing customer-permissioned data for the past twenty years and there have been recent policy discussions, such as the Obama administration's failed Consumer Data Privacy Bill and the Data Aggregation Principles of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, open banking is still a little-known concept among consumers and policymakers in the States. This book defines the concept of 'open banking' and explores key legal, policy, and economic questions raised by open banking.
Other authorsSee publication -
"Regulation of Technology" in Law and Technology in Singapore (Chesterman, Goh & Phang, Eds)
Academy Publishing
This primer by experts in their respective fields offers students and practitioners an overview of the relevant technologies, a survey of their impact on the content of law today, and a window into future issues that may arise – as well as some of the potential solutions. The text is meant to be accessible to students and practitioners, as well as to interested laypersons. The authors have strived to be clear and avoid unnecessary jargon – simple, but not simplistic.
-
Governing AI safety through independent audits
Nature Machine Intelligence
Highly automated systems are becoming omnipresent. They range in function from self-driving vehicles to advanced medical diagnostics and afford many benefits. However, there are assurance challenges that have become increasingly visible in high-profile crashes and incidents. Governance of such systems is critical to garner widespread public trust. Governance principles have been previously proposed offering aspirational guidance to automated system developers; however, their implementation is…
Highly automated systems are becoming omnipresent. They range in function from self-driving vehicles to advanced medical diagnostics and afford many benefits. However, there are assurance challenges that have become increasingly visible in high-profile crashes and incidents. Governance of such systems is critical to garner widespread public trust. Governance principles have been previously proposed offering aspirational guidance to automated system developers; however, their implementation is often impractical given the excessive costs and processes required to enact and then enforce the principles. This Perspective, authored by an international and multidisciplinary team across government organizations, industry and academia, proposes a mechanism to drive widespread assurance of highly automated systems: independent audit. As proposed, independent audit of AI systems would embody three ‘AAA’ governance principles of prospective risk Assessments, operation Audit trails and system Adherence to jurisdictional requirements. Independent audit of AI systems serves as a pragmatic approach to an otherwise burdensome and unenforceable assurance challenge.
-
Rethinking Database Rights and Data Ownership in an AI World
Academy Publishing
Data and databases are central to the ongoing development and use of AI-enabled systems and technologies. At the same time, concerns remain regarding individuals' control over the use of their data by third parties. Against that backdrop, this report considers whether key data-related laws in Singapore currently operate effectively to promote the beneficial production of, and access to, databases, while also protecting individual rights.
In particular, the report addresses: (a) who…Data and databases are central to the ongoing development and use of AI-enabled systems and technologies. At the same time, concerns remain regarding individuals' control over the use of their data by third parties. Against that backdrop, this report considers whether key data-related laws in Singapore currently operate effectively to promote the beneficial production of, and access to, databases, while also protecting individual rights.
In particular, the report addresses: (a) who controls or has rights over the ‘big data’ databases that underpin AI technologies, including whether new, standalone intellectual property protections for databases are needed; and (b) how to ensure that those who contribute data to databases retain appropriate control over and/or access to that data, including whether to create a new right of ownership of data. -
Legal Issues in AI Deployment
Law Gazette
The object of this article is to discuss the legal issues faced by companies when they embark on incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) technology into their work processes or to power functions in their products or services. To facilitate discussion of the issues, the article will take the perspective of a buyer of AI technology and services in the main, although the perspectives of suppliers of such technology and services will be discussed where relevant. The ensuring discussion is also…
The object of this article is to discuss the legal issues faced by companies when they embark on incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) technology into their work processes or to power functions in their products or services. To facilitate discussion of the issues, the article will take the perspective of a buyer of AI technology and services in the main, although the perspectives of suppliers of such technology and services will be discussed where relevant. The ensuring discussion is also relevant when an organisation undertakes the deployment of AI technology through its in-house IT department, because some of the technology (and possibly data) may be sourced externally.
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2019
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Blockchain Records under Singapore Law
Law Society Gazette
The current interest in blockchain technology can be attributed in large part to the immutability of blockchain records. While this is not an essay about how blockchain works, a brief description of how blocks of transactional records are created and chained provides a necessary introduction to its defining feature.
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2018
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2017
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Contributor to Civil Procedure, Halsbury's Laws of Singapore (2016 Reissue)
LexisNexis
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2016
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Electronic discovery in Singapore: A quinquennial retrospective
Digital Evidence and Electronic Signature Law Review
Zee Kin Yeong considers the developments in electronic discovery in Singapore since issuing of the practice directions on 30 July 2009 as Practice Direction Number 3 of 2009.
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2015
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Electronic Discovery: An Evolution of Law and Practice
International Conference on Electronic Litigation (Academy Publishing)
-
Electronic Evidence in Singapore: Out with the Old, In with the New
International Conference on Electronic Litigation (Academy Publishing)
-
Contributor to Singapore Civil Procedure 2007
Sweet & Maxwell
-
Computer Misuse, Forensics and Evidence on the Internet (2000) Tolley’s Communications Law Vol 5 No 5, at p 153
-
Getting the Shoe to Fit: Fine-tuning Copyright Protection for Computer Programs (1997) 18 Sing LR 502
Projects
-
OECD Data Free Flow with Trust Community of Experts
- Present
-
Regulation 10 Advisory Committee
The Regulation 10 Advisory Committee is established by the DIFC Data Protection Commissioner’s Office, with the support of the Executive Committee, for the purpose of governing the development and implementation of Regulation 10 regarding Processing of Personal Data in Autonomous and Semi-autonomous Systems (the Systems).
-
Data Governance Working Group, Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence
-
OECD Network of Experts on AI (ONE.AI)
- Present
Yeong Zee Kin, Assistant Chief Executive (Data Innovation and Protection Group), Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore; Deputy Commissioner, Personal Data Protection Commission. As Assistant Chief Executive, Zee Kin oversees IMDA’s AI and Data industry development strategy, including developing forward-thinking governance, promoting adoption, and building capabilities. As Deputy Commissioner, Zee Kin oversees the administration, formulation and implementation of Singapore’s Personal…
Yeong Zee Kin, Assistant Chief Executive (Data Innovation and Protection Group), Infocomm Media Development Authority of Singapore; Deputy Commissioner, Personal Data Protection Commission. As Assistant Chief Executive, Zee Kin oversees IMDA’s AI and Data industry development strategy, including developing forward-thinking governance, promoting adoption, and building capabilities. As Deputy Commissioner, Zee Kin oversees the administration, formulation and implementation of Singapore’s Personal Data Protection Act. He also spearheads activities to raise awareness and compliance in data protection. Zee Kin has participated in multiple expert-level platforms on AI Ethics issues, including the OECD Expert Group on AI and the European Commission’s High-Level Expert Group on AI (as an observer participant). He has also spoken at many international and domestic platforms on AI ethics and legal issues.
-
Informal Advisory Group for the revision of the Supplementary Memorandum of the OECD Privacy Guidelines
-
-
OECD Expert Group on AI (AIGO)
-
Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping economies, promising to generate productivity gains, improve efficiency and lower costs. At the same time, AI is also fuelling anxieties and ethical concerns. As AI’s impacts permeate our societies, its transformational power must be put at the service of people and the planet. This document presents the work conducted by the Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence at the OECD (AIGO) to scope principles to foster trust in and adoption of AI. In…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping economies, promising to generate productivity gains, improve efficiency and lower costs. At the same time, AI is also fuelling anxieties and ethical concerns. As AI’s impacts permeate our societies, its transformational power must be put at the service of people and the planet. This document presents the work conducted by the Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence at the OECD (AIGO) to scope principles to foster trust in and adoption of AI. In particular, this paper presents a common understanding of what is an AI system as well as a framework that details the stages of the AI system lifecycle. This work informed the draft Recommendation of the Council on Artificial Intelligence. On 22 May 2019, the OECD Council adopted the Recommendation – also referred to as the OECD AI Principles – at the Ministerial level.
Languages
-
Chinese
Limited working proficiency
-
Cantonese
Elementary proficiency
-
Englisch
Native or bilingual proficiency
Organizations
-
Singapore Mediation Centre
Associate Mediator
- Present -
Singapore Academy of Law
Member
- Present -
Singapore Academy of Law
Senate Member
- -
Law Society of Singapore
Member
-
Recommendations received
8 people have recommended Zee Kin
Join now to viewMore activity by Zee Kin
-
Singapore won’t be the biggest player in the AI game, but we can try to be the smartest. Great piece by Zee Kin Yeong in today’s The Straits Times on…
Singapore won’t be the biggest player in the AI game, but we can try to be the smartest. Great piece by Zee Kin Yeong in today’s The Straits Times on…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
"The journey of a thousand miles," the great Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu said. "Begins with the first step." That first step was taken in Jan 2020…
"The journey of a thousand miles," the great Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu said. "Begins with the first step." That first step was taken in Jan 2020…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Tired of hearing about how the practice of law will be disrupted by AI? Need to clarify hype from reality? Come hear from leading AI and Legal…
Tired of hearing about how the practice of law will be disrupted by AI? Need to clarify hype from reality? Come hear from leading AI and Legal…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Mass Call 2024 celebrates 439 new lawyers as they embark on their careers. In his welcome remarks, CJ Menon spoke about the 'paradigm shift in…
Mass Call 2024 celebrates 439 new lawyers as they embark on their careers. In his welcome remarks, CJ Menon spoke about the 'paradigm shift in…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
🔔 Why Lawyers are “Called to the Bar”🔔 This week will see approximately 440 new lawyers called to the Bar in Singapore. I remember my own call…
🔔 Why Lawyers are “Called to the Bar”🔔 This week will see approximately 440 new lawyers called to the Bar in Singapore. I remember my own call…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
SAL colleagues got together for an impromptu ride decked out in our new #TechLawFest ("TLF") tee-shirts*. We rode from our office to Marina Bay…
SAL colleagues got together for an impromptu ride decked out in our new #TechLawFest ("TLF") tee-shirts*. We rode from our office to Marina Bay…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Jersey Data Protection Authority appoints a new Chair https://lnkd.in/eWsmZjwH Jersey Office of the Information Commissioner Elizabeth Denham CBE
Jersey Data Protection Authority appoints a new Chair https://lnkd.in/eWsmZjwH Jersey Office of the Information Commissioner Elizabeth Denham CBE
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Over the past two weeks, our team had the pleasure of connecting with the brilliant freshmen from the NUS Faculty of Law, and SMU Yong Pung How…
Over the past two weeks, our team had the pleasure of connecting with the brilliant freshmen from the NUS Faculty of Law, and SMU Yong Pung How…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
The very engaging and informative 2nd Roundtable on “AI Governance in the Healthcare Sector” was co-organised by the Ministry of Health (Singapore)…
The very engaging and informative 2nd Roundtable on “AI Governance in the Healthcare Sector” was co-organised by the Ministry of Health (Singapore)…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Discover legal strategies at #TechLawFest2024 to combat deep fakes and misinformation. From enacting legislation against malicious acts to…
Discover legal strategies at #TechLawFest2024 to combat deep fakes and misinformation. From enacting legislation against malicious acts to…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Day 2 of Sreenivasan Chambers LLC. Have been advised by my two juniors that I should update LinkedIn and use it as a communication tool. Trying to…
Day 2 of Sreenivasan Chambers LLC. Have been advised by my two juniors that I should update LinkedIn and use it as a communication tool. Trying to…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
-
Grateful to the speakers for accepting our invitation to speak at this event. What might at first glance be thought of as a relatively banal topic…
Grateful to the speakers for accepting our invitation to speak at this event. What might at first glance be thought of as a relatively banal topic…
Liked by Zee Kin Yeong
Other similar profiles
Gemeinsame Artikel erkunden
We’re unlocking community knowledge in a new way. Experts add insights directly into each article, started with the help of AI.
Explore More