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Bingenlik Hildegard

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Bingenlik Hildegard (germancha ,talaffuzi: [ˈhɪldəɡaʁt fɔn ˈbɪŋən] lotinchada talaffuzi: [ˈhɪldəɡaʁt fɔn ˈbɪŋən]1098 - 17 sentabr 1179-yil), shuningdek, Avliyo Hildegard va Rin Sibil nomlari bilan mashhur.Hildegard Benediktin abbas va polymath nemis bo'lib, u o'rta asrlarda yozuvchi, kompozitor, filosof, mistik, vizyoner va tibbiyot soahasida asarlar yozgan va ushbu sohada amaliyotchi sifatida ham tanilgan.U muqaddas monofoniyaning eng taniqli kompozitorlaridan biri bo'lib,yangi tarixda eng ko'p qayd etilgan kishilardan biridir.,U bir qator olimlar tomonidan Germaniyada ilmiy tabiiy tarix asoschisi deb hisoblanadi.

Hildegardni "Disibodenberg "dagi monastr uni 1136-yilda magistra (Oliy,muqaddas, avliyo ona) etib sayladi. U 1150-yilda Rupertsberg va 1165-yilda Eibingen monastirlarini tashkil etdi. Hildegard ilohiyot, botanika va tibbiyotga oid asarlarni yozgan, shuningdek, liturgiya uchun xatlar, sanolar va antifonlar ham yozgan.Bundan tashqari u she'rlar yozgan va o'zining birinchi asari Sciviasning Rupertsberg qo'lyozmasida miniatyura illuminatsiyalarini boshqargan Hildegardning butun o'rta asrlardagi boshqa bastakorlarga qaraganda ko'proq saqlanib qolgan qo'shiqlari bor va u musiqa va ularga so'zlarni yozgan kam sonli bastakorlardan biridir. Uning "Ordo Virtutum" nomli asarlaridan biri liturgik dramalarning qadimgi namunasidir va ehtimol eng qadimgi saqlanib qolgan axloqiy drama.U yana Lingua Ignota deb nomlangan tilni ixtiro qilganligi uchun taniqli.

Uning rasmiy kanonizatsiyasi tarixi murakkab bo'lsa-da, Rim-katolik cherkovining mintaqaviy kalendarlari uni asrlar davomida avliyo sifatida sanab o'tgan. 2012 yil 10 mayda Rim papasi Benedikt XVI "ekvivalent kanonizatsiya" deb nomlanuvchi jarayonda Hildegardning liturgik kultini butun katolik cherkoviga kengaytirdi". 2012-yil 7-oktabrda u "hayotning muqaddasligi va ta’limotining o‘ziga xosligini e’tirof etib, unga cherkov doktori unvonini berdi.

Biografiyasi

Hildegard 1098-yillar atrofida tug'ilgan. Uning ota-onasi Merxheim-Nahetning Mechtild va Bermersheimning Hildebert edi, ular Sponheimning Count Meginhard xizmatiga kirgan erkin pastroq tabaqadagi aristokratlar oilasi edi.Hildegard tug'ilganidan boshlab kasal bo'lganligi ota-onasi uni eng kichik va o'ninchi bolalari deb hisoblashadi ,lekin uning o'zidan yetti katta opasi borligi haqida qo'lyozmalar ham mavjud. Hildegard o'zining Vita kitobida juda yoshligidan boshlab,qanday taassurotlar, kechinmalarni boshidan kechirganini yozib qoldirgan.

Manbalar

  • "Un lexique trilingue du XIIe siècle : la lingua ignota de Hildegarde de Bingen", dans Lexiques bilingues dans les domaines philosophique et scientifique (Moyen Âge-Renaissance), Actes du colloque international organisé par l'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes-IVe Section et l'Institut Supérieur de Philosophie de l'Université Catholique de Louvain, Paris, 12–14 juin 1997, éd. J. Hamesse, D. Jacquart, Turnhout, Brepols, 2001, p. 89–111.
  • "'Sibyl of the Rhine': Hildegard's Life and Times." Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998.
  • "Hildegard of Bingen: Visions and Validation." Church History 54 (1985): 163–75.
  • "Un témoin supplémentaire du rayonnement de sainte Radegonde au Moyen Age ? La Vita domnae Juttae (XIIe siècle)", Bulletin de la société des Antiquaires de l'Ouest, 5e série, t. XV, 3e et 4e trimestres 2001, pp. 181–97.
  • Die Gesänge der Hildegard von Bingen. Eine musikologische, theologische und kulturhistorische Untersuchung. Olms, Hildesheim 2003, ISBN 978-3-487-11845-1.
  • Hildegard von Bingen. Leben – Werk – Verehrung. Topos plus Verlagsgemeinschaft, Kevelaer 2014, ISBN 978-3-8367-0868-5.
  • Sister of Wisdom: St. Hildegard's Theology of the Feminine. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1987.
  • Tugenden und Laster. Wegweisung im Dialog mit Hildegard von Bingen. Beuroner Kunstverlag, Beuron 2012, ISBN 978-3-87071-287-7.
  • Wege in sein Licht. Eine spirituelle Biografie über Hildegard von Bingen. Beuroner Kunstverlag, Beuron 2013, ISBN 978-3-87071-293-8.
  • Bennett, Judith M. and C. Warren Hollister. Medieval Europe: A Short History. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006. 289, 317.
  • Boyce-Tillman, June. "Hildegard of Bingen at 900: The Eye of a Woman." The Musical Times 139, no. 1865 (Winter, 1998): 31–36.
  • Butcher, Carmen Acevedo. Hildegard of Bingen: A Spiritual Reader. Massachusetts: Paraclete Press, 2007.
  • Davidson, Audrey Ekdahl. "Music and Performance: Hildegard of Bingen's Ordo Virtutum." The Ordo Virtutum of Hildegard of Bingen: Critical Studies. Kalamazoo, MI: Western Michigan University, 1992.
  • Dietrich, Julia. "The Visionary Rhetoric of Hildegard of Bingen." Listening to Their Voices: The Rhetorical Activities of Historic Women. Ed. Molly Meijer Wertheimer. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1997. 202–14.
  • Fassler, Margot. "Composer and Dramatist: 'Melodious Singing and the Freshness of Remorse.'" Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998.
  • Flanagan, Sabina. Hildegard of Bingen, 1098–1179: A Visionary Life. London: Routledge, 1989.
  • Fox, Matthew. Illuminations of Hildegard of Bingen. New Mexico: Bear and Company, 1985.
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Emil Roth, "Glossae Hildigardis", in: Elias Steinmeyer and Eduard Sievers eds., Die Althochdeutschen Glossen, vol. III. Zürich: Wiedmann, 1895, 1965, pp. 390–404.
  • Furlong, Monica. Visions and Longings: Medieval Women Mystics. Massachusetts: Shambhala Publications, 1996.
  • Glaze, Florence Eliza. "Medical Writer: 'Behold the Human Creature.'" Voice of the Living Light: Hildegard of Bingen and Her World. Edited by Barbara Newman. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: University of California Press, 1998.
  • Holsinger, Bruce. Music, Body, and Desire In Medieval Culture. California: Stanford University Press, 2001.
  • Kienzle, Beverly, George Ferzoco, & Debra Stoudt. A Companion to Hildegard of Bingen. Brill's companions to the Christian tradition. Leiden: Brill, 2013. Notes on Hildegard's "Unknown" Language and Writing.
  • King-Lenzmeier, Anne. Hildegard of Bingen: an integrated version. Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 2001.
  • Maddocks, Fiona. Hildegard of Bingen: The Woman of Her Age. New York: Doubleday, 2001.
  • Madigan, Shawn. Mystics, Visionaries and Prophets: A Historical Anthology of Women's Spiritual Writings. Minnesota: Augsburg Fortress, 1998.
  • McGrade, Michael. "Hildegard von Bingen." Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: allgemeine Enzyklopaldie der Musik, 2nd edition, T. 2, Volume 8. Edited by Ludwig Fischer. Kassel, New York: Bahrenreiter, 1994.
  • Moulinier, Laurence, Le manuscrit perdu à Strasbourg. Enquête sur l'œuvre scientifique de Hildegarde, Paris/Saint-Denis, Publications de la Sorbonne-Presses Universitaires de Vincennes, 1995, 286 p.
  • Newman, Barbara. Voice of the Living Light. California: University of California Press, 1998.
  • Richert-Pfau, Marianne and Stefan Morent. Hildegard von Bingen: Klang des Himmels. Koeln: Boehlau Verlag, 2005.
  • Richert-Pfau, Marianne. "Mode and Melody Types in Hildegard von Bingen's Symphonia." Sonus 11 (1990): 53–71.
  • Salvadori, Sara. Hildegard von Bingen. A Journey into the Images. Milan: Skira, 2019.
  • Schipperges, Heinrich. Hildegard of Bingen: healing and the nature of the cosmos. New Jersey: Markus Wiener Publishers, 1997.
  • Stühlmeyer, Barbara. Die Kompositionen der Hildegard von Bingen. Ein Forschungsbericht. In: Beiträge zur Gregorianik. 22. ConBrio Verlagsgesellschaft, Regensburg 1996, ISBN 978-3-930079-23-0, S. 74–85.
  • The Life and Works of Hildegard von Bingen. Internet. Available from Internet History Sourcebooks Project; accessed 14 November 2009.
  • Underhill, Evelyn. Mystics of the Church. Pennsylvania: Morehouse Publishing, 1925.

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