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Inside Out

& Back Again


by thanhha lai

Discussion Guide
About the Book
Hs life in Saigon isnt perfect: Her fathers missing and war makes things more
expensive each day, plus shes the youngest child (and a girl!) in a family of boys. But
she loves Vietnam, with its tastes and smells, and loves the promise of growing things
like her papaya tree. When her family joins the refugees to travel to America, H has
to pretend to like other peoples food, learn English with its inexplicable plurals, and
fight off other kids on the playground. Inside Out & Back Again is the poignant story
of her year full of changes, hardships, and small victories.

Questions for Discussion


1. Hs story is told in a series of poems. What do you think
about that? Find examples of different types of poems: For
instance, find one that tells a story and another that paints a
picture. Some of the poems have a specific date at the end, but
others say every day. Why do you think that is?

7. O
 n the ship, H touches the sailors hairy arm and
Mother slaps her hand away (p. 95). Why does H take a
hair? How is her behavior on the ship similar to or different
from that of the kids at school in Alabama when they notice
Hs features?

2. What did you know about Vietnamese culture before


reading the story? What are some of the things you learned as
you read?

8. H describes her American town as clean, quiet loneliness


(p. 122). How is life in Alabama different from Saigon?
Describe each setting and the differences between the two.
Are there any similarities?

3. Sometimes H is angry about being a girl. Why does she make


sure to tap her big toe on the floor before her brothers wake up
on the morning of the new year? When she thinks about that
moment a year later, what does she say?
4. Why does Mother lock away the portrait of Father after
chanting in the morning (p. 13)? What do you think you
would do if you were H or one of her brothers and someone
close to you passed away? What would you say to Mother?
5. What does H mean when she talks about how the poor
fill their childrens bellies (p. 37)? What is Mother trying
to do when she talks about how lovely yam and manioc
taste with rice? Why do you think Mother finally decides to
leave Saigon?
6. Why does H love papaya so much? What might the fruit
represent for her? How is that the same as or different from
what the chick means for Brother Khi?

9. What do you know about the cowboy who sponsors the


family? Who do you think he is, and what are some reasons
why you think he might have become a sponsor? What about
Mrs. Washington: Why might she have volunteered to be a
teacher for H?
10. H says that the cowboys wife insists they keep out of her
neighbors eyes (p. 116). Why would she do that? Why
would neighbors slam their doors when Hs family comes
to say hello (p. 164)?
11. W
 hy would sponsors prefer applications that say Christians
(p. 108)? Do you agree with Hs mother that all beliefs are
pretty much the same (p. 108)? Do you think she did the
right thing by saying that the family is Christian?

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Questions for Discussion continued on the next page . . .

Inside Out & Back Again Discussion Guide


12. Why is it so important to Hs mother that her children
learn English? If your family moved to a foreign country
right now, would you be eager to learn the language?
Why, or why not?
13. H struggles to learn English and hates feeling stupid. She
asks, Who will believe I was reading Nht Linh? and then,
Who here knows who he is? (p. 130). What do you think
is behind her frustration? What does she want people to
understand about her and her family?

14. Brother Quang says that Americans generosity is to ease the


guilt of losing the war (p. 124). What is he talking about?
Why doesnt he take their generosity at face value?
15. What does Mother mean when she tells H to learn to
compromise (p. 233)? Is she talking about dried papaya
or something else? Give an example of a compromise that
Mother has made.

Extension Activities
1. Happy New Year! Have your students look up Tt. When
is it celebrated? What are some traditional activities that are
part of the celebration? Are there Tt celebrations in your
town that they could attend? Ask students to make posters
inviting classmates to a party for Tt, explaining what they
should expect and helping them get excited for the event.
2. Market Day. H loves Vietnamese food and describes the
tastes she loves. To name a few, there are crunchy mung bean
cookies, glutinous rice and fish sauce, and, of course, papaya.
Ask students to visit an Asian market nearby and try a new
food. Have them write poems to describe the experience for
their classmates.
3. Papaya Trees and Baby Chicks. Both H and Brother
Khi love to watch things grow, and H eagerly anticipates
the day when shell be able to eat her papayas. Ask students
and their families to start growing food plants. Have them
keep journals with notes and drawings of their plants as they
grow, and write poems about how it feels to wait patiently before you can taste your food for the first time.

4. Two Pictures of Vietnam. Have students look up pictures


of the fall of Saigon or the burned, naked girl crying and
running down a dirt road (p. 194). Then ask them to find pictures of papayas and Tt. Have them ask friends and family
which set of pictures they recognize, and if they remember
when they first saw them or what they thought. Discuss with
the class: Why would H say that Miss Scott should have
shown pictures of papayas instead of the pictures of war?
How are the war pictures different from the pictures in Mrs.
Washingtons book (p. 201)?
5. Telling Stories. In the Authors Note, Thanhha Lai says
she hopes that after you finish this book that you sit close
to someone you love and implore that person to tell and tell
and tell their story (p. 262). As a class, generate a list of questions for students families. Have each student choose a family
member and interview him/her about what life was like during the Vietnam War or another conflict that had an impact
on his/her life. Ask students to share stories with their classmates and discuss the similarities and differences of what they
learned from their family members.

Photo by Sloane Bosniak

About the Author


Thanhha Lai was born in Vietnam. At the end of the war, she fled with her family to Alabama. There, she
learned English from fourth graders. She then spent the next decade correcting her grammar. She started
her writing life as a journalist, then switched to fiction, getting her MFA from New York University. She has
published short stories in numerous journals and anthologies, and this is her first novel. Lai lives with her
family in Kansas and teaches writing at The New School.

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Questions and activities prepared by Kate Coxon, Academic Dean of Rocketship Si Se Puede Academy, Palo Alto, California.

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