Modulus of Elasticity BS ACI
Modulus of Elasticity BS ACI
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
where,
E c : The static modulus of elasticity at 28 days in Mpa
f c : Cube compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
f c : Cylinder compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
Also, the Indian code of practice (IS 456)
recommends the empirical relation between the static
modulus of rupture and cube compressive strength of
concrete as:
= 0.7
(6)
= 0.62
(7)
= 0.60
(8)
1294
(9)
(10)
where,
fr : Flexural tensile or modulus of rupture of concrete
in Mpa
f c : Cube compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
f c : Cylinder compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
To determine the modulus of elasticity of concrete
precisely is very important for structures that require
strict control of the deformability. International codes
propose a wide variety of formulae which establish a
relationship between modulus of elasticity and
compressive strength. Most of these codes are valid up
to 50 MPa, the usual limit for normal concretes.
Logan et al. (2009) studied the short term
mechanical properties of concrete. The elastic
deformation characteristics of concrete with thirteen
types of common aggregates are investigated to
estimate the modulus of concrete and a modification of
the BS code approach is suggested.
Table 1: Properties of metakaolin #
Properties
Brightness (%) (ISO)
Bulk density (gm/L)
Oil absorption (gm/100 gm)
Water demand (gm/100 gm)
Particle size analysis:
(a) D (50) -50% particle below
(b) % below 10 m
(c) % below 2 m
Moisture (Ex. work) (%)
Specific gravity
pH (10% Aq.slury)
Viscosity concentration (% solid for 500 cps.)
Residue (on 400#) (%)
Flow point (mL/100 gm)
#
: From manufacturer report
Table 2: Concrete mix design details
Partial replacement
of cement by
Mix
metakaolin, (%)
Mix-I
0.0
Mix-II
8.0
Mix-III
10.0
Mix-IV
12.0
Cement
in kg/m3
504.21
463.87
453.79
443.70
Metakaolin
in kg/m3
00.00
40.33
50.42
60.50
Specification limit
75-80%
270-370
45-65%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.36%
N/A
6.11
N/A
0.36%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.5% max
N/A
5.0-8.0
N/A
1.0% max
N/A
F.A. in kg/m3
683.20
683.20
683.20
683.20
C.A. in
kg/m3
1108.13
1108.13
1108.13
1108.13
W/C ratio
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.28
f c in Mpa
62.44
53.63
68.77
57.17
f c in Mpa
49.95
42.90
55.01
45.73
1295
50000
Measured value, Ec
As per IS:456 code
As ACI:318 code
As per new zealand code, NSZ:3101
40000
30000
20000
10000
Experimental program:
Material properties: The materials consisted of 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement, Natural River Sand,
Crushed Granite Coarse Aggregate of maximum size
12.5 mm, Ordinary portable water for mixing and
curing and a Super Plasticizing admixture. High
Reactive Metakaolin used in this investigation was
procured from 20 Microns Private Limited.
Figure 1 shows the experimental setup, Table 1
Shows the properties of Metakaolin, Table 2 Shows the
Concrete mix design details and Table 3 Shows the
comparison of codal provisions for static modulus of
elasticity, Ec in N/mm2.
0
Mix-I
Mix-II
Mix-III
Mix-IV
10
Measured value of fr
As per IS:456 code
As ACI:318 code
As per new zealand code,
As per Euro code , EC:02
As per Canadian code of practice (CSA)
8
6
4
2
0
Mix-I
Mix-II
Mix-III
Mix-IV
(11)
= 2
(12)
where,
: The static modulus of elasticity at 28 days in
Ec
Mpa
: Cube compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
fc
Table 4: (a) Constants for empirical relationship between static modulus of elasticity and compressive strength
C 1 for cube compressive strength
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As per measured
As per
As per ACI: 318
As per New Zealand As per Euro code,
As per
Mixes
value, Ec
IS: 456 code
code
code, NZS: 3101
EC: 02
BS: 8110
Mix-I
3469.00
5001.20
4235.23
3843.62
4591.01
2533.22
Mix-II
3063.81
5002.21
4236.09
3913.43
4747.23
2733.70
Mix-III
3452.76
5001.66
4235.63
3802.70
4497.67
2414.20
Mix-IV
3103.18
5000.71
4234.82
3882.62
4679.39
2647.01
Table 4: (b) Constants for empirical relationship between static modulus of elasticity and compressive strength
C 2 for cylinder compressive strength
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As per measured
As per
As per ACI: 318
As per New Zealand As per Euro code,
As per BS:
Mixes
value, Ec
IS: 456 code
code
code, NZS: 3101
EC: 02
8110 code
Mix-I
3881.72
5596.24
4739.14
4300.94
5128.76
2834.62
Mix-II
3424.43
5590.26
4734.08
4373.49
5305.30
3055.07
Mix-III
3856.46
5595.65
4738.64
4254.31
5031.80
2700.91
Mix-IV
3468.50
5592.51
4735.98
4342.10
5233.16
2960.27
Table 5: Comparison of codal provisions for flexural tensile strength concrete, fr in N/mm2
As per IS: 456
As per New Zealand
Mixes
Measured value, f r code
As ACI: 318 code code, NZS: 3101
Mix-I
7.14
5.531
4.377
4.236
Mix-II
7.12
5.126
4.061
3.930
Mix-III
8.44
5.804
4.594
4.446
Mix-IV
7.02
5.292
4.192
4.057
As per Euro
code, EC: 02
4.787
4.323
5.107
3.885
Table 6: (a) Constants for empirical relationship between flexural tensile strength and compressive strength
C 1 for cube compressive strength
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As per
As per IS: 456
As per ACI:
As per New Zealand
As per Euro
As per Canadian code
Mixes
measured value
code
318 code
code, NZS: 3101
code, EC: 02
of practice (CSA)
Mix-I
0.903
0.700
0.554
0.536
0.605
0.536
Mix-II
0.972
0.700
0.554
0.536
0.590
0.536
Mix-III
1.018
0.700
0.554
0.536
0.616
0.536
Mix-IV
0.928
0.678
0.537
0.519
0.571
0.519
Table 6: (b) Constants for empirical relationship between flexural tensile strength and compressive strength
C 2 for cylinder compressive strength
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------As per
As per IS: 456
As per ACI:
As per New Zealand
As per Euro
As per Canadian code
Mixes
measured value
code
318 code
code, NZS: 3101
code, EC: 02
of practice (CSA)
Mix-I
1.011
0.783
0.619
0.600
0.678
0.600
Mix-II
1.087
0.782
0.620
0.600
0.660
0.600
Mix-III
1.138
0.783
0.619
0.600
0.689
0.600
Mix-IV
1.038
0.758
0.600
0.581
0.639
0.581
1297
(13)
= 2
(14)
where,
: The flexural tensile strength in Mpa
fr
: Cube compressive strength at 28 days in Mpa
fc
: Cylinder compressive strength at 28 days in
f c
Mpa
C 1 , C 2 : Constants given in the Table 6.
CONCLUSION
This study of the experimentally obtained elastic
modulus, modulus of rupture of plain concrete
containing Metakaolin and the corresponding codal
provisions of select countries, led to the following
conclusions:
help and the facilities for carrying out the above work
in Structural Engineering Laboratory of the Institution.
REFERENCES
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BS 8110 method of estimating concrete elastic
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Beeby, A.W. and R.S. Narayanan, 1995b. Building
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Commentary,
ACI
Committee:
318-2000,
American concrete Institute, Farmington Hills,
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Fawzi, N.M., K.I. Aziz and S.M. Hama, 2013. Effect of
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1298