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  • University of Gondar Department of Architecture: Integrated Design 4

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    The document discusses the planning and design of an efficient bus station in Gondar, Ethiopia. It outlines the objectives of the station, which include providing efficient traffic flow, minimizing congestion, generating employment, and integrating the station with commercial facilities. It describes the necessary facilities and components of an effective bus station, such as ticketing areas, passenger waiting areas, restrooms, and parking. It emphasizes creating separate areas for pedestrian, vehicle, and bus traffic to minimize conflicts. The document provides guidance on station location, capacity, and designing infrastructure to meet passenger needs.

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    The document discusses the planning and design of an efficient bus station in Gondar, Ethiopia. It outlines the objectives of the station, which include providing efficient traffic flow, minimizing congestion, generating employment, and integrating the station with commercial facilities. It describes the necessary facilities and components of an effective bus station, such as ticketing areas, passenger waiting areas, restrooms, and parking. It emphasizes creating separate areas for pedestrian, vehicle, and bus traffic to minimize conflicts. The document provides guidance on station location, capacity, and designing infrastructure to meet passenger needs.

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    101 views10 pages

    University of Gondar Department of Architecture: Integrated Design 4

    Uploaded by

    Mickey Mekuannint
    The document discusses the planning and design of an efficient bus station in Gondar, Ethiopia. It outlines the objectives of the station, which include providing efficient traffic flow, minimizing congestion, generating employment, and integrating the station with commercial facilities. It describes the necessary facilities and components of an effective bus station, such as ticketing areas, passenger waiting areas, restrooms, and parking. It emphasizes creating separate areas for pedestrian, vehicle, and bus traffic to minimize conflicts. The document provides guidance on station location, capacity, and designing infrastructure to meet passenger needs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

    2010ec

    University of Gondar
    department of
    architecture
    Integrated design 4

    By :anteneh mekuanint

    Id 01114/06
    Submitted to inst.Siraj Tuha
    INTRODUCTION
    As transportation involves the movement of the people and goods, there is a need of an
    “access point” in transport system to use it. These access points are known as “bus
    station” or the fixed facilities. Terminals are one of the main components of any mode
    of transportation.
    The term bus station is normally used to refer to an off-road location with at least
    basic facilities for passengers, while a terminal may be a fully equipped bus station but
    might equally be merely a point in the road.
    bus station serve as a point of –
    •Concentration
    •Dispersion
    •Loading/unloading of the passengers
    •Interchange of mode
    •Storage of passengers and vehicles
    •Maintenance of vehicles
    •Facilities and amenities for the users and crew
    •Documentation of movement
    •Information system
    •Integration of various systems of transportation

    AIM
    i. To make Efficient traffic flow, accessibility and circulation. The congestion
    caused on the road by the vehicles which park or constantly stop to pick and
    drop off passengers will be substantially reduce hence enhancing traffic flow
    situation.
    ii. Minimize challenge of inadequate space use along the road. So its planning will
    minimalize the challenge of inadequate parking spaces for vehicles and also
    traffic flow situation will be enhanced
    iii. Traffic disintegration e.g. human and motor-vehicles traffic; mostly the
    pedestrians and vehicles share the same road space.
    iv. Generation of employment; the construction of the bus terminus will generate
    employment to the youths/ unemployed in the area.
    v. To boost the economy on a personal level and national level will be achieved
    resulting to enhanced quality of life and at the same time the formal bus terminus
    will aid in revitalizing the economy of this area. It will also aid in attracting
    investors to the area which will boost the economy of the area up as a result of
    efficient transportation facilities.
    vi. Well-designed and landscaped bus terminus will improve the aesthetics of its
    location and also make it human friendly.
    OBJECTIVE –
    ➢ PROVIDE AN ARCHITECTURE SOLUTION FOR INTEGRATING THE
    TERMINAL WITH COMMERCIAL COMPLEX.
    ➢ TO PROVIDE FAST & UNDERSTANDING FLOW OF TRAFFIC.
    ➢ TO PROVIDE CLEAR SEGREGATION OF DIFFERENT TYPE OF TRAFFIC,
    NO CONGESTION AT PEAK HOUR.
    ➢ TO PROVIDE OPTIMUM CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ALL ELEMENTS AND
    SPACES.
    ➢ TO INCORPORATE TODAY’S COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, SURVEILLANCE
    SYSTEM ETC. IN TO DESIGN
    In general, the four basic planning criteria for planning of bus station are –
    1.Need
    NEED of the terminal arises with increase in the demand. An organized bus terminal
    should meet the following requirements-
    •Accessibility
    •Comfort and convenience
    •Safety
    •Easy processing
    2.Size
    The following factors are considered to characterize the size of the terminal and its
    functions-
    •Flow of traffic
    •System characteristics
    •User characteristics
    3.Location
    The selection of the location should satisfy the following criteria-
    •It should form a component in the hierarchy of transport
    systems
    •It should be a component in the hierarchical system of
    transportation terminals
    •The concentration and dispersal costs should be minimum
    •It should be located such that as point of coordination and integration between inter-city
    and intra-city transport
    4.Design
    Following points should be kept in mind for efficient workability
    of terminal-
    1.Segregation of bus and non-bus traffic
    2.Segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement
    3.Elimination of vehicular traffic conflict
    4.Segregation of pedestrian flows
    5.Minimum processing for the buses
    6.Segregation of transportation and no-transportation activities
    Locating bus stations for urban services
    It’s essential that stations are not only constructed to a suitable design and with
    adequate capacity, but also that they are suitably located.

    There are a number of considerations in deciding the best location.

    ➢ The location should be where routes should logically connect or terminate, as


    determined by passenger demand patterns.
    ➢ If the station is used as an intermediate stopping point on routes passing through,
    ➢ it should be conveniently located for passengers joining or leaving vehicles.

    There are five considerations when designing a good bus station, (see Table 11):
    • bus station capacity,
    • passenger level of service,
    • accessibility, commuter safety, and
    • passenger amenities. This translates into an environment that facilitates quick,
    comfortable, and safe movement of people within and around bus station.

    • Commuters seek quick and direct access to platforms, ticketing facilities,


    transfers and convenient retail facilities;

    • non-commuting visitors seek access to a range of peripheral activities such as


    retail, commercial, catering facilities, public spaces and visitor information.
    Hence, a commercial component was introduced in the terminal to allow for
    better viability and compatibility with surrounding land uses.
    Bus Station Facilities
    One of the primary functions of transitway stations is the provision of facilities so that
    transit patrons
    can access the transitway. All transitway stations should provide:
    •Facilities that support access for customers of all ages and abilities
    •Facilities that support access for pedestrians and people using wheelchairs or bicycles,
    including providing bicycle parking
    •Station platform(s)
    •Waiting shelters for all public transit routes serving the station
    •Provision for short-term pick-up/drop-off of transit patrons by shuttle, taxi, etc

    1.Passenger areas
    a) Ticketing and queuing
    b) Passenger waiting areas
    c) Passenger conveniences (drinking water facilities and toilets)
    d) Passenger circulation
    e) Boarding/Departing areas
    f) Facility entry
    g) Tourist information
    h) Security, including CCTV cameras
    i) Retail, concessions and lease space
    j) Dormitories and lodging (if required)
    k) Cloak room
    l) railway reservation
    2.Areas for terminal staff
    a. Revenue office
    b. Security and information
    c. Ticketing booth
    d. Resting room
    e. staff conveniences (drinking water facilities and toilets)
    f. Canteen
    g. Maintenance staff (chairs and lockers)
    h. Control room (CCTV surveillance)
    3. Areas for bus staff
    a. Canteen
    b. Resting areas
    c. Lodging areas (if required)
    d. bus station staff conveniences (drinking water facilities and toilets)
    • Platforms
    • Shelters
    • Canopies
    • Fixtures
    • Elevators/escalators/stairs
    • Auto parking lots/structures
    • Bicycle parking facilities
    • Access drives/paths
    • Communication systems
    • Parking – for employees and visitors
    • Storage building(s)
    • Outside storage areas
    • Fire protection systems
    • Yard lighting
    • Security
    • Refuse/recycling collection
    • Landscaping
    • Vehicle wash facility
    • Administrative area

    Station Circulation System Hierarchy


    Stations include circulation systems, which may include pedestrian, bicycle, bus,
    auto/taxi pick-up and drop-off, park-and-ride, and bus layover facilities.
    A hierarchy should be followed to give priority of access – directness of route and
    proximity to platforms – to transit customers in the following order:
    • Pedestrians
    • Bicyclists
    • Feeder buses and shuttles
    • Taxi and auto pick-up/drop-off
    • Auto park-and-ride
    Pedestrian and Bicycle Facilities
    Platforms, shelters and waiting areas should be designed with pedestrian and wheel
    chair users’ safety and comfort in mind. Minimum pedestrian/wheelchair path clear
    width should be 6-feet, with 8-feet preferred.
    Specific components should be standardized throughout the system, and follow material
    and maintenance recommendations as described in the project Design Criteria.
    The number of bicycle parking spaces should be based on anticipated ridership and
    spatial constraints.
    Passenger Waiting Area
    A station’s public occupancy area consists of all areas in which customers may be
    allowed to enter.
    Passengers primarily wait on platforms, but may also wait within other elements of the
    station such as plazas, ramps, and passageways. Passenger waiting areas should be
    sized based on Gondar station users
    Climate Control
    Radiant heat and passive cooling should be used in all passenger waiting areas at
    transitway stations.
    Where heat and/or air conditioning is required for equipment operation, geo-thermal or
    other environmentally friendly options should be explored taking into account both
    capital and long-term operating and maintenance cost. Non-waiting spaces in transitway
    stations such as stairways or overpasses should be vented but not heated or cooled.
    Lighting
    All stations should incorporate pedestrian, platform, vehicle circulation, and emergency
    lighting, selected and located to achieve the required illumination level for each element
    of the facility, consistent with the project design documents. Stations including park-and-
    ride facilities should also provide lighting in the parking areas.
    Lighting level and height should be specific to the needs of pedestrian/cyclist circulation
    and vehicular circulation and illuminate any areas of potential hazard. Special care
    should be taken to design station lighting and shelters to avoid “spill” light Consideration
    should be given to energy-efficient, low-maintenance lighting fixtures such as LED
    lighting.
    Seating
    Seating at stations may or may not be an element of waiting area design. Seating in and
    around the bus terminal complex—shall be planned to cater to a minimum of 30% of all
    passengers in the facility. Seating is required so as to avoid obstruction to the flow of
    passenger traffic through the complex; it should be designed to
    combine comfort, ease of maintenance and resistance to vandalism.
    Restrooms
    Transit operator restrooms should be provided for at stations which function as layover
    facilities and at terminal stations. However, transitway stations generally should not
    include public restrooms unless the station is part of a multiuse building or a major
    transfer point requiring significant wait times..
    Energy Conservation
    Station design should incorporate features and materials which conserve energy, are
    low-maintenance, and cost-effective to construct and repair. Such features may include
    materials compatible with the climate, LED lighting, passive solar lighting and heating,
    or comparable advances in these technologies.
    Station Safety and Security
    sub stations should be designed to promote a safe, secure, and comfortable
    environment for patrons. This includes consideration of the application of the principles
    of crime prevention through environmental design, the performance of Design Reviews
    and Hazard, Threat, and Vulnerability Analyses, and provision of station based
    communications and preparation for emergencies..
    Audio
    LRT, Commuter Rail, Highway BRT stations, and whenever feasible Arterial BRT
    stations, should include a public-address system, including both speakers and signs, to
    convey information to persons with disabilities in compliance with ADA requirements.
    Speakers and signs should be positioned to be clearly audible/visible, but not readily
    accessible to the public.
    Case study1.
    Lamberet bus station:
    Location :kotebe, adiss Abeba, Ethiopia
    Area:--
    This a substation owned by federal transport offce which is called the north gate
    “semien ber” This station will hold up to 10,000 person per a day but we cant get the
    exact or average vehicles per a day
    The station has two division short route which is up to 212 km to its last destination
    “Shewa robit” and long route which cross the country.
    There are 19 employees in the station which have their single and group office and
    there was also driving license class and office .
    There is one caffe for all the staff and the travelers but they told us they are building a
    new cafeteria for the travelers near the station main gate.
    It has more toilets,sheding device,ramp for disables, and ther is also a signage infront of
    the buses
    There are 3 ranks dereja’s for the vehicles in the station which have different route
    ➢ 42 route dereja 1
    ➢ 9 route dereja 2
    ➢ 2 route dereja 3 In total lamberet station has 53 destination.
    Short routes parking lot Ticket office

    signage

    Main parking
    lot

    Green area
    cafeteria

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