CHAPTER-7 Personal Development

CHAPTER 7: MENTAL
HEALTH &
WELL-BEING IN
MIDDLE AND LATE
ADOLESCENCE
CONCEPTS ON MENTAL HEALTH &
WELL-BEING
• US National Institutes of Health – Mental
health includes our emotional,
psychological, and social well-being.
CONCEPTS OF MENTAL HEALTH
• Subjective Well- being.
• Perceived self-efficacy
• Autonomy
• Competence
• Intergenerational dependence; and
• Self-actualization of one’s intellectual and
emotional potential, among others
SUBJECTIVE WELL - BEING
• This maybe defined as one’s
personal (subjective) thoughts
and feelings about one’s overall
state of being.
PERCEIVED SELF - EFFICACY
• Self – efficacy is one’s perception of
one’s value and worth, effectiveness
and ability in performing a task or
ability in performing a task or ability.
AUTONOMY
• Autonomy deals with one’s
capacity to separate one’s identity
from other significant persons like
parents, lovers and special friends.
COMPETENCE
• It is related to self – esteem and self –
identity.
• It is the perception of one’s capacity to
effectively perform a function or activity
using specific skills and knowledge and
achieving the desired results at a given
time.
INTERGENERATIONAL
INDEPENDENCE
• It refers to the relationships between
individuals who belong to different
generations but may be living
separately as independent,
autonomous persons during a specific
period of time.
SELF - ACTUALIZATION OF ONE'S
INTELLECTUAL AND EMOTIONAL
POTENTIAL
• Maslow’s pyramid of human hierarchy of
needs places self – actualization at the peak.
This means that once a person fulfills his or
her physiological needs, security and safety
needs, emotional and social needs and self –
esteem needs, the next need to be fulfilled is
self – actualization.
RESILIENCY
• Is the capacity to establish and
maintain one’s balance and well –
being in the face of adversity.
• It is the ability to get back on one’s
feet after a disaster or a crisis.
ADAPTABILITY
• Is the capacity to adjust to changes
necessary for one’s survival and
balance.
HEALTHY SELF-CONCEPT AT THE CORE OF
MENTAL HEALTH & WELL-BEING
• Having a positive regard for oneself means
looking at oneself as someone who is worth
loving and worth caring for, regardless of
physical flaws, and defects, regardless of
what other people perceive him to be and in
spite of the thoughts, feelings, and behavior
one experiences.
Good Physical Health is Good for
Mental Health
• Poor mental health plays a significant role
in diminished immune functioning, and the
development of certain illnesses, and
eventually premature death.
• Sleep and nutrition.
Healthy Self-Concept + Healthy Mind and
Body = Good Mental Health and Well Being
• When all of these elements are in
balance, then general well-being is
experienced.
• Well-being is a state of wellness
where every aspect of a person is in
balance.
CHALLENGES TO MENTAL HEALTH &
WELL-BEING
• Mental health problem – is a short term and temporary change
in a person’s thoughts, feelings, or behavior that upsets one’s
wellbeing, interpersonal relationships, and productivity.
• Mental illness – refers to diagnosable mental disorders
characterized by changes in one’s thinking, feeling and
behavior as well as in one’s relationships and productivity.
There is usually distress or impaired functioning during mental
illness (Knopf, Park and Muyle 2008)
WHO possible mental health challenges
faced by adolescents worldwide:
1. conduct or behavior disorders
2. anxiety
3. depression
4. eating disorders
5. risks behaviors including that relates to sexual
behavior
6. substance abuse
7. violent behavior
SUPPORT FOR MENTAL HEALTH AND
WELL-BEING
• It is very important for an adolescent
who may be facing serious difficulties
at home or in school to have a reliable
adult to talk to.
FIVE POPULAR STEPS TO IMPROVE
MENTAL HEALTH & WELL-BEING
1.CONNECT
2.BE ACTIVE
3.KEEP LEARNING
4.GIVE TO OTHERS
5.TAKE NOTICE
CONNECT
• With the people around you: your
family, friends, classmates,
schoolmates and neighbors. Spend
time developing these relationships.
BE ACTIVE
• Physical activity generates a positive sense
of wellness. Engage in some sports or
physical activity like playing basketball,
badminton, bowling, biking or swimming.
Take a walk if you do not have enough time
for sports. It is important to find an activity
you can enjoy and integrate in your daily life.
KEEP LEARNING
• Learning new skills or obtaining new
knowledge can give you a sense of
achievement and new confidence. Some
recommend doing something new every day.
It can be a short program in cooking or baking,
joining an acting or writing workshop, learning
to play a musical instrument or fixing a car
problem.
GIVE TO OTHER
• Giving to others is not limited to money or
other material things. A smile or a warm and
sincere greeting or thank you can brighten up
the day for both the giver and receiver. Social
involvement such as volunteering during
disasters or helping out in your communities
is also good for developing mental health.
TAKE NOTICE
• Be in the here and now, be in the present
moment, be aware of what is happening
around you, your own thoughts and feelings
and the physical sensations that you
experience. This awareness is also referred
to as “mindfulness,” and being mindful can
positively change the way you feel about life
and how you approach challenges.

CHAPTER-7 Personal Development

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CHAPTER 7: MENTAL

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