Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Bituminous Materials: Standard Practice For
Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Bituminous Materials: Standard Practice For
Enclosed Carbon-Arc Exposures of Bituminous Materials: Standard Practice For
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Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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6.2 Unless otherwise specified, expose at least three repli- organics and particularly silica, exposed panels will develop
cate specimens of each test and control material. spots or stains that may not occur in exterior exposures.
6.3 Follow the procedures described in Practice G 147 for 7.7.2 Follow the requirements for water purity described in
identification, conditioning, and handling of specimens of test, Practice G 151.
control, and reference materials prior to, during, and after 7.7.3 If specimens are found to have deposits or stains after
exposure. exposure in the apparatus, the water purity must be checked to
6.4 Do not mask the face of a specimen for the purpose of determine if it meets the requirements of 7.7.2. On some
showing on one panel the effects of various exposure times. occasions, exposed specimens can be contaminated by deposits
Misleading results may be obtained by this method, since the from bacteria that can grow in the purified water used for
masked portion of the specimens is still exposed to temperature specimen spray. If bacterial contamination is detected, the
and humidity cycles that in many cases will affect results. entire system used for specimen water spray must be flushed
with chlorine and thoroughly rinsed prior to resuming expo-
7. Procedure sures.
7.1 Mount the test specimens vertically, and equidistant 7.7.4 The temperature of water used for specimen spray
above and below the horizontal centre line of the source of shall be 7.2 6 3°C (45 6 5°F).
radiation. 7.7.5 When the water purity requirements above are met and
7.2 To ensure uniform total irradiation over the specimen there is disagreement between parties on the extent of problems
surface, proceed in accordance with Section 9 of Practice caused by stain or deposit, run referee tests in at least one other
G 153. laboratory that can meet the water quality requirements de-
7.3 Unless otherwise specified, operate the apparatus ac- scribed in 7.7.
cording to one of the following schedules. 7.8 For the cold exposure period in Cycle B, the panels shall
7.3.1 Cycle A: be placed in the refrigerator, previously cooled to −18 6 5°C
(0 6 10°F). The transfer of the panels from the exposure
Test Conditions Time, min apparatus to the refrigerator, and following this period, back to
Light only (60 6 3°C (1406 5°F) uninsulated black panel 51 the test chamber, shall only take sufficient time to allow for
temperature)
Light with spray (spray water at 7.26 3°C (45 6 5°F) at the 9 inspection of panels between cycles.
nozzle). 7.8.1 Load the panels into the refrigerator in a rack which
A complete cycle is 22 periods of 60 holds them vertically, and spaces them at least 10 mm (3⁄8 in.)
Total cycle time 22 h apart.
7.9 Clean the lamp filter globe daily, at the end of the cycle,
7.3.2 Cycle B: by washing with a mild detergent and water.
7.9.1 Replace the filter globe after 2000 h of operation, or
Test Conditions Time, h when pronounced discoloration or milkiness develops, which-
Water spray only (21 6 3°C (70 6 5°F) spray water) 1
Light exposure only (60 6 3°C (140 6 5°F) uninsulated black 11⁄2 ever occurs first. To provide more uniform irradiance over long
panel) periods, it is recommended that two globes be used in rotation
Water spray only (21 6 3°C (70 6 5°F) spray water) 2
Light exposure only ( 60 6 3°C (140 6 5°F) uninsulated black 161⁄2
with the older of the two being replaced after every 1000 h of
i kpanel) lamp operation.
Cold exposure 18 6 5°C (0 6 10°F) 13⁄4
Total cycle time 223⁄4
8. Period of Exposure and Evaluation of Test Results
NOTE 1—Cycle A requires automatic control of the periods of light and
8.1 The duration of the exposure under this practice shall be
light with spray. In cycle B, light and water periods may be controlled one of the following:
either manually or automatically. 8.1.1 An agreed upon number of cycles of operation in
accordance with either Cycle A or Cycle B, or
7.4 Control the temperature during the light only periods
8.1.2 The number of cycles required to produce an agreed
using the blackpanel thermometer unit, mounted in the same
upon change in the test specimens, or
manner as the test specimens, in the upper row.
8.1.3 The number of cycles required to produce an agreed
7.5 For devices capable of humidity control, operate with a
upon change in a reference specimen.
relative humidity of 50 6 10 % during the light only periods.
8.2 Changes in the exposed specimens may be evaluated
7.6 The water shall strike the test specimens in the form of
visually at the end of each cycle by comparing them with
a spray equally distributed vertically over the face of the
unexposed samples, or by measuring a physical or chemical
specimens. The specimens shall pass through the spray once in
property.
each minute or revolution of the drum or rack for the duration
8.2.1 Cracking or perforation of asphalt coatings on alumi-
of the spray period.
num panels can be determined by Test Method D 1670.
NOTE 2—Nozzle pressures may be considerably lower than pressures at
the point of entry into the machine due to the drop in pressure caused by 9. Report
the size and length of pipe, valves, and fittings. 9.1 The report shall include the following information:
7.7 Water Purity: 9.1.1 A description of the sample, including the thickness of
7.7.1 The purity of water used for specimen spray is very asphalt coatings on aluminum panels,
important. Without proper treatment to remove cations, anions, 9.1.2 The type of exposure apparatus used,
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9.1.3 The cycle used (refer to A or B of this practice), It is essential to determine reproducibility of the exposure/
9.1.4 Any deviation from the standard test conditions, property measurement process when using the results from
9.1.5 The number of exposure cycles, and exposures conducted according to this practice in product
9.1.6 The extent of physical or chemical change in the specifications.
sample after exposure. 10.2 Bias—Bias cannot be determined because no accept-
able standard weathering reference materials are available.
10. Precision and Bias
10.1 Precision—The repeatability of results obtained in 11. Keywords
exposures conducted according to this practice will vary with 11.1 accelerated weathering; bituminous materials; carbon-
the materials being tested, the material property being mea- arc; degradation; exposure; light exposure; roofing; ultraviolet;
sured, and the specific test conditions and cycles that are used. waterproofing
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