Edible berries

Aegle marmelos
(bael, Bengal quince,[1] golden apple,[1] stone apple, wood apple, bili)

The bael fruit has a smooth, woody shell with a green, gray, or yellow peel. It takes about 11
months to ripen on the tree and can reach the size of a large grapefruitor pomelo, and some are
even larger. The shell is so hard it must be cracked with a hammer or machete. The fibrous
yellow pulp is very aromatic. It has been described as tasting of marmalade and smelling of
roses. Boning (2006) indicates that the flavor is "sweet, aromatic and pleasant, although tangy
and slightly astringent in some varieties. It resembles a marmalade made, in part, with citrus
and, in part, with tamarind."[4] Numerous hairy seeds are encapsulated in a slimymucilage.

The fruit is eaten fresh or dried. If fresh, the juice is strained and sweetened to make a drink
similar to lemonade. It can be made into sharbat (Hindi) or Bela pana (Oriya: ବେଲ ପଣା) or bel
pana (Bengali: বেল পানা), a refreshing drink made of the pulp with water, sugar, and lime juice,
mixed, left to stand a few hours, strained, and put on ice. One large bael fruit may yield five or
six liters of sharbat. If the fruit is to be dried, it is usually sliced and sun-dried. The hard
leathery slices are then simmered in water. The leaves and small shoots are eaten as salad
greens.

Research has found the essential oil of the Bael tree to be effective against 21 types of bacteria.
[11]
 It is prescribed for smooth bowel movement to patients suffering from constipation and
othergastrointestinal problems.

Research also indicates that unripe Bael fruit is effective in combating giardia and rotavirus.

While unripe Bael fruit did not show antimicrobial properties, it did inhibit bacteria adherence to
and invasion of the gut (i.e. the ability to infect the gut). [12]
Amelanchier alnifolia (June-berry)

Amelanchier spicata

Amelanchier spp. (Saskatoon Berry, Service Berry, Juneberry)

purple berry is mildly sweet to neutral. cooked/steamed berries can be mashed,
formed into cakes and dried over a low intensity fire. dried berries can be
mixed with meat and fat to make pemmican. dried berries can be added to
soups.
plant is a shrub or small tree. grows in forested areas in plains, foothills, and
montane regions. warning: pits contain cyanide-like toxins, which are
destroyed by cooking or drying.
Arbutus Unedo (Strawberry tree)

Arctostaphylos columbiana (Hairy Manzanita)

berries have thick skin and are mealy. berries can be dried for storage. berry is
suitable for occasional use. plant is a tall shrub, 1-3 meters tall. grows in open
coniferous forests and other open areas. warning: may cause constipation if
eaten in quantity, prolonged used may cause stomach and liver problems.

Arctostaphylos spp. (Bearberry, Kinnikinnick)

Berries have thick skin and a mealy taste. berries can be dried for storage. dried
berries can be ground and cooked into a porridge. dried berries can be popped
when fried in grease over low flame. Grows in dry open woods and gravelly or
sandy soils in arctic and alpine regions.warning: may cause nausea or
constipation if eaten in quantity. warning: prolonged use may cause stomach
and liver problems and should be avoided by children and pregnant or breast-
feeding women.

Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)

Aronia, also called black chokecherry, is an extremely hardy shrub that can be grown in USDA
hardiness zones 3 to 8. It grows 3 to 6 feet tall and wide, depending on the variety. This
vigorous shrub is self-fertile, generally insect- and disease-free, and produces an abundance of
blue-black berries in summer. The berries make a strong-flavored wine, juice, or jam, and have
one of the highest levels of antioxidants of all the berry crops. 'Viking' and 'Nero' are two good
selections.

As an added benefit, the glossy green leaves of this deciduous shrub turn fire engine red in fall.
Instead of planting burning bush, why not grow aronia for fall color and edible berries? The
plants sucker freely and can be used as a hedge plant along a wall or building.

Austromytrus dulcis (Midgen Berry)

Austromyrtus dulcis occurs commonly from Fraser Island, Queensland south into northern
NSW. It grows in sandy soils in heath and dry open forests and occasionally on the margins of
coastal rainforests. Its geographic range was in a narrow and continuous coastal band in the
subtropics, now fragmented by urbanisation. It flowers and fruits starting in spring and extending
into autumn. Austromyrtus dulcis is an easy species to propagate, from seed or from cuttings.
Fresh cleaned seed germinates in 3-4 weeks with no mechanical scarification of the seed
necessary. In cultivation, A. dulcis is a favoured ground cover in native coastal gardens [48].
The fruits are edible, of a sweet lightly peppery taste and can be made into a jam [43, 48, 49]. In
wild populations, the low spreading bushes provide habitat cover and a seasonal source of food
for ground dwelling birds.

Berberis vulgaris

Billardiera cymosa

Billardiera cymosa, Sweet apple-berry, is a small vine native to woodland and coastal heath of
Victoria and South Australia.

The leaves are slender and stems are twining. Flowers are bluish, greenish or cream. The fruit
is a sausage shaped berry 1–1.5 cm long.[1]

The sweet apple berry is a small, wiry, light climbing plant with narrow to oblong pointed
leaves and attractive cream to pink, to mauve to bluish-white tubular flowers with flared tips
borne in clusters. The fruits are green to blackish, sometimes reddish, and when mature are
known to be edible. As a bush food species it is gaining popularity, and as a native species is
quite easy to propagate. It has an aniseed-like flavour, although over-ripe fruit are said to be
sweet. Indigenous people made use of this bush tucker once the fruit were ripe and had fallen
to the ground. The plant requires a host to climb and twine through, although grows well on a
trellis. It prefers well drained soils, and is quite hardy surviving anywhere from 300mm to
850mm rainfall. As a bush food crop the quantity of fruits produced are minuscule. However it
is an adaptable plant, which benefits from light applications of slow release fertiliser and drip
irrigation during drier periods.

http://www.plant-worldseeds.com/store/view_seed_item/214?
itemname=BILLARDIERA+CYMOSA

Billardiera longiflora
It is also a slender, twining creeper which thrives in semi-shade and cooler and moister areas. It
has narrow dark green leaves and pale green tubular flowers, and oval shaped shiny purple
berries which hang like drupels from the twiggy stems.

This is a little harder to propagate as seeds may not germinate for many months, however it
does strike well from cuttings. It is also used as a bush food but is not as yet as popular as the
sweet appleberry.

Billardiera scandens
The mature fruit are juicy, and have a flavour similar to stewed apples hence its name by the
early settlers as the apple dumpling berry. The fleshy fruits weigh about 2 grams each and like
the sweet apple berry the quantity produced is small. Over-ripe fruit are sweet tasting.
Indigenous use of the plant as bush tucker was generally once the fruits were ripe and had
dropped to the ground. As a bush food, the appleberry can be added to fresh fruit salads and
can be used in pies and yeast bakery products. Their flavour is enhanced in pies when used
with apples.

black caps

Blueberry, bilberry

Buckthorn edible??

Callicarpa bodinieri
Profusion Bright purple berries on beautybush seem tropical/unusual, could be
used in tropical garden. Edible??

Corema album (caramiña)

(Empetrum album L., Euleucum álbum, Gaylussacia brasiliensis)

Es especie dioica y anemócora, planta perenne que puede llegar a alcanzar hasta 1 m. de

altura, pero habitualmente no se yergue tanto; en Aquitania suele tener un porte de 30 a 70 cm.

Las hojas son de color verde oscuro, como agujas de unos 6 a 10 mm. Se disponen de

modo verticilado. Las más jóvenes son glandulosas, y las más viejas, lisas y de un color verde
brillante. Las ramas despiden un olor parecido al de la miel.

Las flores, sea la planta masculina o femenina, son rojas, y se agrupan en cabezas terminales.
En Portugal florece entre marzo y mayo. En Galicia, normalmente comienza a finales de marzo,
y puede llegar hasta finales de abril.

Los frutos son pequeñas bayas o drupas parecidas a las grosellas, de sabor acidulado y de

unos 6 a 8 mm. de diámetro.

En Portugal y en Aquitania suelen ser blancas; en Galicia pueden tener un ligero color rosado,
y entonces recuerdan más aún a las grosellas.

En Portugal salen entre julio y septiembre. En Galicia, normalmente a mediados de abril (en
algunos ejemplares, a mediados de marzo) y pueden durar hasta mediados de septiembre (en
algunos ejemplares, hasta final de mes).

Cornus canadensis (Bunchberry)

berries have mild taste. berries have hard/crunchy central seed, which is edible.
plant can be found in foothills and montane regions. warning: unripe berries
can cause stomach cramps.
Cornus mas,
cornus mascula

The berries when ripe on the plant bear a resemblance to coffee berries, and ripen in mid- to late
summer. The fruit is edible (mainly consumed in Eastern Europe and Iran), but the unripe fruit is
astringent. The fruit only fully ripens after it falls from the tree. When ripe, the fruit is dark ruby red
or a bright yellow. It has an acidic flavour which is best described as a mixture of cranberry and sour
cherry; it is mainly used for making jam, makes an excellent sauce similar to cranberry sauce when
pitted and then boiled with sugar and orange, but also can be eaten dried.

Crataegus spp. (hawthorn)

berries are called 'haws'. haws are tasteless, with a texture that is mealy/seedy.
haws can be dried for storage.
haws can be mashed into a pulp, cooked and then spread to dry into cakes once
the seeds have been strained out.
haws contains high levels of pectin, which benefits making jams. plant is a
shrub or small tree, 6-11 meters tall with long sturdy thorns. grows in open
woodland, forest edges and road-sides in lowland and montane regions.
warning: thorn scratches to the eyes usually results in blindness. Blood
pressure and heartrate may be affected by consuming berries.

Cranberry

dialium schlechten (sherbet fruit tree)

is a tropical tree native to the forests of Southern Africa

Duchesnea Indica
Elaeagnus angustifolia

(silver berry,[1] oleaster,[1] Russian olive,[1] or wild olive,[1)

Native to western and central Asia, from southern Russia and Kazakhstan to Turkey and Iran. It

is now also widely established in North America as an introduced species.

Elaeagnus angustifolia is a usually thorny shrub or small tree growing to 5–7 m in height. Its

stems, buds, and leaves have a dense covering of silvery to rusty scales. The leaves are
alternate, lanceolate, 4–9 cm long and 1-2.5 cm broad, with a smooth margin. The highly
aromatic flowers, produced in clusters of 1-3, are 1 cm long with a four-lobed creamy yellow
calyx; they appear in early summer and are followed by clusters of fruit, a small cherry-
likedrupe 1-1.7 cm long, orange-red covered in silvery scales. The fruits are edible and sweet,
though with a dryish, mealy texture. Its common name comes from its similarity in appearance
to the olive (Olea europaea), in a different botanical family, Oleaceae.

The shrub can fix nitrogen in its roots,[2] enabling it to grow on bare mineral substrates.

In Iran, the dried powder of the fruits is used mixed with milk for rheumatoid arthritis and joint
pains. It is also one of the seven items which are used inHaft Sin or the seven 'S's which is a
traditional table setting of Nowruz, the traditional Persian spring celebration.

Eleagnus multiflora
(Goumi)

This Far East native is a deciduous shrub hardy in USDA zones 4 to 8. The plants grow to 6 feet
tall and wide. The backs of the leaves are an attractive silver-green, contrasting with the darker
green upper surfaces. The fragrant flowers bloom in spring and are a favorite of bees. The
abundant cherry-sized tart red fruits ripen in summer. Although they can be eaten fresh, they
are mostly used to make pies and sauces.

As with other species in the genus Elaeagnus, E. multiflora plants are actinorhizal, growing in
symbiosis with the actinobacterium Frankia in the soil. These bacteria fix atmospheric
nitrogen, making it available in usable form for the host plant, and indirectly for other nearby
plants. This feature allows the plant to grow in poorer soils than it could otherwise.

This relative of autumn olive is a nitrogen-fixing shrub and so is a good choice on poorer soils,
as long as it gets full sun. It's best to plant at least two varieties since they are only partially
self-fertile.

Elaeagnus umbellata

Autumnberry, Japanese silverberry,[1] umbellata oleaster,[2] autumn olive,[1][3] autumn

elaeagnus,[3] or spreading oleaster.)

The species is indigenous to eastern Asia and ranges from the Himalayas eastwards to Japan.
Because it fixes atmospheric nitrogen in its roots, it often grows vigorously and competitively
in infertile soils.

When ripe, the fruit is juicy and edible, and also makes a good dried fruit. Though the fruit are
small, the tree bears them abundantly. They are tart-tasting, with chewable seeds. Their
content of the antioxidant lycopene is some seven to seventeen times higher than that of
tomatoes.

In some parts of North America where it has become naturalized, Elaeagnus umbellata is
considered an invasive species.
Empetrum nigrum
(Crowberry)
Berries have a bland, modest taste. Taste of the berry improves with cooking or
freezing. berries have a glossy black color and are about 1/3 inch in diameter.
berries often stay on the shrub over winter. grows in shady dry areas, tundra,
muskeg and forests.
The berries are usually collected in the fall of the year but if not picked they may persist on the plant
and can be picked in the spring. The Inuit and Native Americans mix them with other berries,
especially the blueberry. Cooking enhances the flavor. They make good pie and jam.

The leaves and stems are used in Dena'ina medicine for diarrhea and stomach problems; they are
boiled or soaked in hot water, and the strained liquid drunk. Some claim the berry juice is good for
kidney trouble.[who?]
Empetrum rubrum
, known as red crowberry or diddle-dee (Chilean Spanish: Murtilla de Magallanes), is a
species of plant in the Ericaceae family with a distributional range in Chile from Talca (35°S)
to Cape Horn (55°S); in areas of adjacent Argentina; in the Falkland Islands; and in Tristan da
Cunha. One of its northernmost natural growing places is Laguna del Maule. In Chile this
species often grows in high altitude areas close to the tree lineand can tolerate alpine conditions
such as strong winds and high sun exposure. In the Falkland Islands it is the dominant species
across large areas of lowland and upland dwarf shrub heath. Its fruits are edible.[5]

Engkala

dewberries,

dogwood berries

Ficus coronata

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Creek Sandpaper Fig

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

(unranked): Angiosperms

(unranked): Eudicots

(unranked): Rosids

Order: Rosales

Family: Moraceae

Genus: Ficus

Species: F. coronata

Binomial name
Ficus coronata
(Ficus stephanocarpa Warb, Sandpaper fig)

Ficus coronata, commonly known as the Sandpaper Fig or Creek Sandpaper Fig, is a species of
fig tree, native to Australia. It is found along the east coast from Mackay in Central Queensland,
through New South Wales and just into Victoria near Mallacoota. It grows along river banks and
gullies in rainforest and open forest. Its common name is derived from its rough sandpapery
leaves, which it shares with the other sandpaper figs. The fruit is edible and palatable, and was
consumed by local aborigines.

Sambucus spp. (Elderberries)

berries are tiny and powder-blue, growing in clusters. berries are edible if
cooked or dried. plant is a large, tree-like shrub.
warning: berries may cause nausea if eaten in quantity. Red varieties of the
berry are poisonous.

Guelder rose edible???

Gaultheria procumbens
It is a small low-growing shrub, typically reaching 10–15 centimeters (3.9–5.9 in) tall.
The leaves are evergreen, elliptic to ovate, 2–5 cm long and 1–2 cm broad, with a distinct oil of
wintergreen scent. The flowers are bell-shaped, 5 mm long, white, borne solitary or in
short racemes. The berry-like fruit is actually a dry capsule surrounded by fleshy calyx,[3] 6–
9 mm diameter.

It is a calcifuge, favoring acidic soil, in pine or hardwood forests, although it generally produces
fruit only in sunnier areas.[4] It often grows as part of the heath complex in an oak-heath forest. [5]
[6]

G. procumbens spreads by means of long rhizomes, which are within the top 20–30 mm of soil.
Because of the shallow nature of the rhizomes, it does not survive most forest fires, but a brief
or mild fire may leave rhizomes intact, from which the plant can regrow even if the above-
ground shrub was consumed.[4]

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7]

19th century illustration

The fruits are edible, with a minty flavor,[8] and the leaves and branches make a fine herbal tea,
through normal drying and infusion process. For the leaves to yield significant amounts of their
essential oil, they need to be fermented for at least 3 days.[9]

Teaberry is also an ice cream flavor in regions where the plant grows. It also inspired the name
of Clark's Teaberry chewing gum.

Gaylussacia brachycera – 

Box Huckleberry, Eastern United States

Gaylussacia brachycera, commonly known as box huckleberry or box-leaved whortleberry,

is a low North American shrub related to the blueberryand the other huckleberries. It is easily
distinguished from other members of its genus by its leaves: they resemble those
of boxwood (hence its name) and lack the resin glands typical of huckleberries. Like its
relatives, it bears white urn-shaped flowers in the early summer, which develop to blue, edible
berries in late summer. It is mostly found in Appalachia; many of its stations there were known
to natives, who picked and ate the berries, before botanists became aware of them in the
1920s.

A relict species nearly exterminated by the last ice age, box huckleberry is self-sterile, and is
found in isolated colonies which reproduce clonally by extending roots. One colony
in Pennsylvania was once estimated to be as many as 13,000 years old; more recent estimates
have an upper bound of about 8,000 years, which would make it the oldest woody plant east of
the Rocky Mountains. Another colony in Pennsylvania, about 1,300 years old, has been
protected by the Hoverter and Sholl Box Huckleberry Natural Area.

Gaylussacia frondosa 

(Blue Huckleberry, Eastern United States)

Gaylussacia frondosa is a species of flowering

plant in the heath family known by the common names dangleberry, hairy dangleberry,

and blue huckleberry. It is native to the eastern United States, where it occurs from New
Hampshire to South Carolina.[1]

This shrub grows up to two meters tall. The plant spreads via rhizome, sprouting up new stems
to form colonies. The leaves are up to 6 centimeters long by 3 wide. They are hairy and
glandular. The inflorescence contains 1 to 4 flowers that hang on pedicels up to 2 centimeters
long. The flower is bell-shaped and greenish white in color. The fruit is a juicy, sweet-
tasting drupe which is usually blue but may be black or white.[1]

This plant grows on the Atlantic coastal plain. It grows in wooded areas and next
to bogs and swamps. It is common in the pine barrens of New Jersey. It grows on acidic soils
low in nutrients. It grows with other related plants such as highbush cranberry (Vaccinium
corymbosum), hillside blueberry (V. pallidum), Lyonia spp., sheep-laurel (Kalmia
angustifolia), wintergreen (Gaultheria procumbens), dwarf huckleberry (Gaylussacia dumosa),
and black huckleberry (G. baccata).[2]

Many animals eat the berries and disperse the seeds.[2]

Hamelia patens
The fruit is a juicy berry with a lot of little seeds. It ripens from green to yellow to red
then black.  It can be eaten out of hand, made in to a syrup or wine, a particular favorite
in Mexico.  It can fruit nearly all year unless damaged by cold. The berry is deceptive
raw. It has an initial sweetness and grape-texture that yields to a sticky, lingering,
slightly bitter aftertaste in the back of the mouth.
Lycium barbarum (Goji Berry)

Every few years a plant rocks the edible plant world, and for the last few years it's been the
goji berry. This deciduous, 10-to-12-foot-tall, rangy shrub is native to Tibet and the Himalayan
mountains and bears raisin-sized berries from summer until fall. The berries are reported to
contain 13 percent protein and are loaded with antioxidants. They also contain more iron than
spinach, more vitamin C than oranges, and more beta-carotene than carrots. Goji berries are
used in Tibet to treat a variety of ailments and to increase longevity.

Goji berries are hardy in USDA zones 5 to 9 and readily adapt to most soils. In spring, the
attractive white and purple flowers form. By late summer, fresh, juicy, and sweet orange-red
goji berries begin to ripen. Since the plant forms such as rangy shrub, goji berries don't fit well
in a formal garden and are best grown on their own as a hedge or a mass planting.

gooseberries

Honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea)

This honeysuckle relative produces sweet, 1- to 2-inch-long, blueberry-like fruits that can be
eaten fresh or made into pies and sauces. The shrub grows 4 to 5 feet tall and wide, is
generally disease- and insect-free, and is extremely cold hardy (USDA zones 3 to 8).
Honeyberry grows best in moist, shady soils, making it a good choice in difficult landscapes.
Plant at least two different varieties for good cross-pollination. Since the plants bloom and fruit
early in the season (sometimes before strawberries), gardeners in cold areas should protect
the shrubs from late spring frosts.

Honeyberry is related to honeysuckle. These sweet fruits are produced on shrubs that grow
well in moist and partly shady locations.
Hippophae rhamnoides (Seaberry )

Sea berries are large, rangy shrubs that produce an abundance of orange fruits that make a
nutritious and tasty juice.

This Russian native is a great conservation plant. It fixes nitrogen and grows on a wide variety
of poor soils. It's hardy to USDA zones 3 to 7 and produces berries that birds and humans can
enjoy. Seaberry fruits have seven times the vitamin C as lemons and have been used as an
orange juice substitute in many countries. In Europe you'll find seaberry juice in grocery stores.

The rangy, deciduous shrub grows 6 to 18 feet tall at maturity. Some varieties, such as 'Amber
Dawn', stay relatively small. There are male and female shrubs, so select least one of each. The
plant is salt-and drought-tolerant and prefers full sun. The attractive, narrow, gray-green
leaves make this shrub excellent for hedges. In fall, clusters of currant-sized, orange berries
appear; the berries persist through winter, attracting wildlife. Mature plants can produce 50
pounds fruit.

Huckleberry

Ivy gourd

Jobo, Ambarella, Goldapfel Mombin, Jewish Plum, Golden Apple, Otaheite

Apple (Spondias dulcis, Spondias cytherea)
Jostaberry (Ribes nidigrolaria)

This shrub is a cross between black currant and gooseberry. Jostaberry looks like a gooseberry,
but the plant has no thorns and the fruit is sweeter. It has the vigorous growth and disease
resistance of a black currant, and the 1/2-inch-diameter black fruits are loaded with vitamin C.
A mature, 6-foot-tall and wide deciduous shrub can produce up to 12 pounds of fruit. The
berries have a flavor similar to grape, kiwi, and blueberry. Plants are hardy in USDA zones 3 to
8, and are widely adapted. The beautiful bushes make excellent foundation plants.

Kunzea pomifera
Hardy native ground cover with very fragrant flowers and edible berries known as native
cranberries or emu apples.

Leycesteria Formosa

Lycium chinese (Berry)

Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)

This small, evergreen shrub grows to a height of about 1 foot, making it a good ground cover.
The bright red berries of this blueberry relative are popular in Scandinavia for making jams and
juice. The plants flower twice a year and produce berries in mid summer and fall. They are self-
fertile. Like blueberries, they grow best in an acidic soil and full sun. In hot areas they require
dappled afternoon light. They can slowly spread by their roots and need an evenly moist soil.
Plant them in the front of a low border or in a rock garden. Planting in groups produces the
most attractive ornamental effect. Lingonberry is an evergreen ground cover that grows well in
moist, acidic soils. The berries are great in jams and preserves.

Miracle berry

There’s one fruit that’s not eaten for its own enjoyment, but to better enjoy the
flavors of others. It’s known as the Miracle Fruit(Synsepalum dulcificum), or in West
Africa where it originates: Agbayun, Taami, Asaa, or Ledidi. French explorer
Chevalier des Marchais gave the first account of this curious fruit in 1725, reporting
that West African natives would chew a small berry before meals in order to
enhance the taste of their food. Enhance is one thing, change is another – a
glycoprotein molecule called Miraculin bids to the sweetness receptors in one’s taste
buds, allowing them to react to sour, bitter and acidic foods. In effect, what was
once sour – like lemons – now tastes sweet, like lemon candy. The effect can last
up to one hour and stories have circulated of “flavor-tripping parties” in which
invitees chew on Miracle Fruit and then experience the changed tastes of a wide
variety of non-sweet foods.

Morus alba
Morera

 Morus alba L. – White Mulberry (E Asia)

 Morus australis Poir. – Chinese Mulberry (SE Asia)
 Morus celtidifolia Kunth (Mexico)
 Morus mesozygia Stapf – African Mulberry (S and C Africa)
 Morus microphylla – Texas Mulberry (Mexico, Texas (USA))
 Morus nigra L. – Black Mulberry (SW Asia)
 Morus rubra L. – Red Mulberry (E N America)

Mulberry Morus spp.

berry is juicy and sweet when ripe. berry turns ripe in midsummer. plant is a
deciduous bush or small tree. tip: the mulberry is an example of a compound
berry, since it consists of a tight cluster of smaller parts, resembling a
raspberry. Compound berries are generally edible. warning: unripe mulberries
cause stomach upset and are considered poisonous.
Myrica rubra

Myrtus communis Myrtle ()

Pretty, fragrant shrub with edible berries

Mahonia spp.oregon grape

berries taste sour and are about 1cm long.
berries are suitable for casual foraging and flavouring food or drink. plant
grows dry and/or open forests in low to montane areas. warning: berries may
be toxic and even deadly if eaten in large quantities.

Pacific Crabapple, Malus fusca

fruits grow in clusters and are yellow to reddish purple.
fruits are ~15mm in length. taste of raw fruit is sour/tart.
plant is a small tree. plant grows in open coniferous forests and forested wetlands.
warning: raw seeds are toxic.

Podocarpus elatus
Podocarpus elatus, comúnmente conocido como el Ciruelo Ilawarra (Illawarra plum), pino
ciruelo o pino pardo es una especie dePodocarpus endémico de la costa de Australia, en el
este de Nueva Gales del Sur y el este de Queensland.

Es un árbol perennifolio de talla mediana que crece a una altura de 30-36 m de alto con un
tronco de hasta1.5 m de diámetro. Las hojas son lanceoladas, 5-15 cm de largo (hasta 25 cm
de largo en árboles jóvenes vigorosos) y 6-18 mm de ancho. Los conos son púrpura-azul
oscuros, se asemejan a bayas, con una base carnosa de 2-2.5 cm de diámetro llevando una
sola semilla globosa de 1 cm de diámetro. La parte carnosa es comestible, y se usa en
condimentos.

Salal - Gaultheria shallon

berries are mildly sweet with good flavor. berries can be dried into cakes. plant
grows in coastal areas and forms deep thickets.

Prunus virginiana Chokecherries

Raw berry has bitter/sour taste. berry can be cooked to improve taste. berry can
be crushed or dried whole for storage, with or without pit. grows in open areas
in plains, foothills, and montane regions.edible look-alikes are the Pin cherry
(Prunus pensylvanica) and Bitter cherry (Prunus emarginata). warning: do not
eat raw or undried seeds; they contain amygdalin which breaks down into
cyanide.

Prosartes spp. (Fairy Bell)

berries are bright red and large (~0.5 inches in diameter).

berries occur at tips of branches in clusters. taste is blandish/sweet. varieties in
the Pacific Northwest are Hooker's fairy bell (Prosartes hookeri), which has
long tapering leaves and smooth berries, and Rough-fruited fairy bell
(Prosartes trachycarpa), which has broad leaves and roughish berries plant
grows in moist forested areas.
Phyllanthus acidus (Amla goosebery)
Berry tree from india.

Ribes nevadaensis

Ribes aureum

Rubus caesius
European dewberry, Zarza pajarera
Rubus chamaemorus (Cloudberry)
berries are somewhat sour/bitter. unripe berries are hard and reddish. ripe
berries are salmon-colored. berry has high vitamin C content. berry has high
benzoic acid content, which acts as a natural preservative. stems are
unbranched, slender and wiry. leaves are broader than long, and have five
lobes. plant grows in peat bogs and peaty forests.

Rubus fruticosus

Rubus idaeus (raspberry)

Rubus Parviflorus
Rubus saxatilis
The berries are edible raw or cooked,[1] and have an acid flavor,[1] but are agreeable to the palate.
[1] In Russian cuisine, they are eaten plain with sugar, honey, or milk, and can be used in
preparation of kissel, kompot, juice, syrup, jams and jellies, and kvass. Many parts of the plant are
astringent, owing largely to the presence of tannins. A decoction of the root was once used in India
for the treatment of relaxed bowels and dysentery, and also in treating the spasmodic stage of
whooping cough. A decoction of the leaves was used to treat dysentery and some types of bleeding.
A purple to dull blue dye can be obtained from the fruit.[1]

salmonberries,
Rubus spectabilis

Mature berry is yellow-red. berry is mildly sweet to neutral.

young plant/shoot is edible raw. grows in moist coastal forests. tip: the
salmonberry is an example of a compound berry, since it consists of a tight
cluster of smaller parts, resembling a raspberry. Compound berries are
generally edible.
Rubus ulmifolius (zarzamora)

Sambucus callicarpa

Sorbus hupehensis Rosea; edible?

Sumac, Rhus

berry is reddish, hairy, and has lemony taste. berry can be eaten raw to quench
thirst. berry can be crushed in water to make refreshing drink. grows in plains
and foothills on dry slopes.

Teaberry Gaultheria -
Wintergreen Plant with Edible Berries -

Thimbleberry, Rubus parviflorus

mature berry is thin, coarse, seedy and has neutral taste.
plant has no thorns. plant has large, maple-like leaves.
young shoots can be peeled and eaten raw. grows in foothill and montane
regions. tip: the thimbleberry is an example of a compound berry, since it
consists of a tight cluster of smaller parts, resembling a [raspberry]. Compound
berries are generally edible. warning: avoid eating wilted leaves, which can
contain toxins.
Tropical apricot (Dovyalis abyssinica)

native to Southern Africa and Indian sub-continent. The fruit is edible, yellow to purple globose
2-4cm diameter, containing several small seeds. They are very juicy and with an acidic flavour.

(sunshine seeds)

Twisted Stalk, Streptopus spp.

berry has bland, cucumber-like taste. stem has distinct sharp kinks that make it
look crooked. an edible look-alike is the Fairy bell. grows in dense, moist
undergrowth.
warning: berries eaten in quantity can have a laxative effect.

Ugni molinae
(Myrtus ugni, Eugenia ugni, Chilean guava, ugniberry)
This Chilean native shrub grows about 3 to 6 feet tall at maturity. It's a slow-growing
evergreen that is hardy only to 18 degrees F, making it suitable for edible gardens
in USDA hardiness zones 9 and 10. However, it makes a great container plant and
can be brought indoors for the winter in colder areas. Chilean guava produces
small, fragrant, white flowers in spring and summer. The purple-red, blueberry-
sized fruits have a mildly spicy, guava-like flavor and can be eaten fresh or made
into jams and jellies. Chilean guava grows best in full to part sun on well-drained
soils. It makes a great foundation shrub or focal point in a perennial flower border.
Some commercial "strawberry flavouring" is made from this species, not
from strawberries. Myrtus ugni fruits are oblate and up to 1.5  cm in diameter with a
purplish to deep cranberry color. They are used to make piquant drinks, desserts, jams,
and jellies.[2]

Vaccinium arboreum – Sparkleberry

Vaccinium arctostaphylos

Vaccinium macrocarpon – American Cranberry

Vaccinium oxycoccos – Common Cranberry

Vaccinium erythrocarpum – Southern Mountain Cranberry

Vaccinium crassifolium – Creeping Blueberry

Vaccinium consanguineum
Vaccinium deliciosum – Cascade Bilberry, Cascade Blueberry, Blueleaf
Huckleberry

Vaccinium floribundum

Vaccinium dentatum Sm. – Ōhelo (Hawaiʻi)

Vaccinium membranaceum – Square-twig Blueberry, Thinleaf Huckleberry, Tall

Huckleberry, Big Huckleberry, Mountain Huckleberry, "black huckleberry"

Vaccinium myrtillus – Common Bilberry, Blue Whortleberry, Blaeberry, Fraughan,

Hurtleberry

Vaccinium myrtilloides (common blueberry, velvetleaf huckleberry, velvetleaf

blueberry, Canadian blueberry, sourtop blueberry, bleuet fausse myrtille)

Vaccinium myrtilloides is a low spreading deciduous shrub growing to 50 cm tall,

often in small thickets. The leaves are bright green, paler underneath with velvety
hairs. The flowers are white, bell-shaped, 5 mm long. The fruit is a small sweet
bright blue to dark blue berry. Young stems have stiff dense bristly hairs. [2]
This plant grows best in open coniferous woods with dry loose acidic soils; it is also
found in forested bogs and rocky areas. It is fire-tolerant and is often abundant
following forest fires or clear-cut logging. Vaccinium myrtilloides hybridizes in the
wild with Vaccinium angustifolium - lowbush blueberry.

Vaccinium stamineum L. – Deerberry; syn. V. caesium (Eastern North America)

Vaccinium ovalifolium – Alaska Blueberry, Early Blueberry, Oval-leaf Blueberry

 Vaccinium padifolium

Vaccinium parvifolium – Red Huckleberry

Delicious tart sweet edible berries.

Vaccinium praestans – Krasnika (Russian: Красника)

Vaccinium reticulatum – Ōhelo ʻai (Hawaiʻi)

Vaccinium scoparium – Grouse Whortleberry, Grouseberry, Littleleaf Huckleberry

Vaccinium ovatum Pursh – California Huckleberry (or Evergreen Huckleberry)

(Coastal Western North America)

Vaccinium uliginosum L. – Northern (or Bog) Bilberry (or Blueberry); syn. V.

occidentale (Northern North America and Eurasia)
Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. – Partridgeberry, Cowberry, Redberry, Red Whortleberry,
or Lingonberry (northern North America and Eurasia)

Viburnum trilobum

Wayfaring tree berries edible???

Wild rose berry

Witch fingers

Ziziphus jujube (azofaifo)

Ziziphus mucronata

salmonberries,

http://northernbushcraft.com/guide.php?ctgy=edible_berries&region=on

http://quizlet.com/11447648/edible-berries-of-the-pacific-northwest-flash-cards/
Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)

Sea berries are large, rangy shrubs that produce an abundance of orange fruits that make
a nutritious and tasty juice.

Aronia, also called black chokecherry, is an extremely hardy shrub that can be grown in
USDA hardiness zones 3 to 8. It grows 3 to 6 feet tall and wide, depending on the
variety. This vigorous shrub is self-fertile, generally insect- and disease-free, and
produces an abundance of blue-black berries in summer. The berries make a strong-
flavored wine, juice, or jam, and have one of the highest levels of antioxidants of all the
berry crops. 'Viking' and 'Nero' are two good selections.

As an added benefit, the glossy green leaves of this deciduous shrub turn fire engine red
in fall. Instead of planting burning bush, why not grow aronia for fall color and edible
berries? The plants sucker freely and can be used as a hedge plant along a wall or
building.

Chilean guava (Ugni molinae)

This Chilean native shrub grows about 3 to 6 feet tall at maturity. It's a slow-growing
evergreen that is hardy only to 18 degrees F, making it suitable for edible gardens in
USDA hardiness zones 9 and 10. However, it makes a great container plant and can be
brought indoors for the winter in colder areas. Chilean guava produces small, fragrant,
white flowers in spring and summer. The purple-red, blueberry-sized fruits have a
mildly spicy, guava-like flavor and can be eaten fresh or made into jams and jellies.
Chilean guava grows best in full to part sun on well-drained soils. It makes a great
foundation shrub or focal point in a perennial flower border.

Goji Berry (Lycium barbarum)

Every few years a plant rocks the edible plant world, and for the last few years it's been
the goji berry. This deciduous, 10-to-12-foot-tall, rangy shrub is native to Tibet and the
Himalayan mountains and bears raisin-sized berries from summer until fall. The berries
are reported to contain 13 percent protein and are loaded with antioxidants. They also
contain more iron than spinach, more vitamin C than oranges, and more beta-carotene
than carrots. Goji berries are used in Tibet to treat a variety of ailments and to increase
longevity.

Goji berries are hardy in USDA zones 5 to 9 and readily adapt to most soils. In spring,
the attractive white and purple flowers form. By late summer, fresh, juicy, and sweet
orange-red goji berries begin to ripen. Since the plant forms such as rangy shrub, goji
berries don't fit well in a formal garden and are best grown on their own as a hedge or a
mass planting.

Honeyberry is related to honeysuckle. These sweet fruits are produced on shrubs that
grow well in moist and partly shady locations.

Goumi (Eleagnus multiflora)

This Far East native is a deciduous shrub hardy in USDA zones 4 to 8. The plants grow
to 6 feet tall and wide. The backs of the leaves are an attractive silver-green, contrasting
with the darker green upper surfaces. The fragrant flowers bloom in spring and are a
favorite of bees. The abundant cherry-sized tart red fruits ripen in summer. Although
they can be eaten fresh, they are mostly used to make pies and sauces.

This relative of autumn olive is a nitrogen-fixing shrub and so is a good choice on

poorer soils, as long as it gets full sun. It's best to plant at least two varieties since they
are only partially self-fertile.

Honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea)

This honeysuckle relative produces sweet, 1- to 2-inch-long, blueberry-like fruits that

can be eaten fresh or made into pies and sauces. The shrub grows 4 to 5 feet tall and
wide, is generally disease- and insect-free, and is extremely cold hardy (USDA zones 3
to 8). Honeyberry grows best in moist, shady soils, making it a good choice in difficult
landscapes. Plant at least two different varieties for good cross-pollination. Since the
plants bloom and fruit early in the season (sometimes before strawberries), gardeners in
cold areas should protect the shrubs from late spring frosts.
Jostaberry (Ribes nidigrolaria)

This shrub is a cross between black currant and gooseberry. Jostaberry looks like a
gooseberry, but the plant has no thorns and the fruit is sweeter. It has the vigorous
growth and disease resistance of a black currant, and the 1/2-inch-diameter black fruits
are loaded with vitamin C. A mature, 6-foot-tall and wide deciduous shrub can produce
up to 12 pounds of fruit. The berries have a flavor similar to grape, kiwi, and blueberry.
Plants are hardy in USDA zones 3 to 8, and are widely adapted. The beautiful bushes
make excellent foundation plants.

Lingonberry is an evergreen ground cover that grows well in moist, acidic soils. The
berries are great in jams and preserves.

Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)

This small, evergreen shrub grows to a height of about 1 foot, making it a good ground
cover. The bright red berries of this blueberry relative are popular in Scandinavia for
making jams and juice. The plants flower twice a year and produce berries in mid
summer and fall. They are self-fertile. Like blueberries, they grow best in an acidic soil
and full sun. In hot areas they require dappled afternoon light. They can slowly spread
by their roots and need an evenly moist soil. Plant them in the front of a low border or
in a rock garden. Planting in groups produces the most attractive ornamental effect.

Seaberry (Hippophae rhamnoides)

This Russian native is a great conservation plant. It fixes nitrogen and grows on a wide
variety of poor soils. It's hardy to USDA zones 3 to 7 and produces berries that birds
and humans can enjoy. Seaberry fruits have seven times the vitamin C as lemons and
have been used as an orange juice substitute in many countries. In Europe you'll find
seaberry juice in grocery stores.

The rangy, deciduous shrub grows 6 to 18 feet tall at maturity. Some varieties, such as
'Amber Dawn', stay relatively small. There are male and female shrubs, so select least
one of each. The plant is salt-and drought-tolerant and prefers full sun. The attractive,
narrow, gray-green leaves make this shrub excellent for hedges. In fall, clusters of
currant-sized, orange berries appear; the berries persist through winter, attracting
wildlife. Mature plants can produce 50 pounds fruit.

----

Frutos otoñales: acerolo rojo y blanco (Crataegus azarolus), azofaifo (Ziziphus jujubabajo los acerolos rojos),
majoleto (Crataegus oxycantha bajo acefaifos), endrina (Prunus spinosa bajo acerolos blancos).
Inedible Berries

Baneberry – Acataea rubra (also known as red baneberry, chinaberry and doll’s eyes)
is a poisonous flowering plant native to North America. After the plant flowers, it
produces green berries which then turn bright red or white and have a black dot on
them. Native Americans used the juice from the berries to poison their arrows. All parts
of the plant are poisonous, but the berries are the most toxic part. As few as six berries
will poison an adult, as little as two can kill a child. The berries are very bitter, though,
so accidental poisoning is rare.
Daphne – Daphne mezereum (also known as spurge laurel, lady laurel, spurge olive,
wild pepper, paradise plant and dwarf bay) is a small shrub native to Eurasia, but
popular in North America as an ornamental. All parts of the daphne contain toxins, but
the greatest concentration is in the sap, bark and berries. Chewing, but not swallowing,
even one berry can produce intense burning in the mouth and throat. Eating a few
berries can lead to stomach upset all the way to convulsions. If a person falls into a
coma after eating the berries, death can follow.

Jasmine – Jasmine officinale (poet’s jasmine, jessamine) produces berries that turn
black when ripe. Ingesting these berries can cause weakness, sweating, convulsions,
respiratory failure and, in extreme cases, death.

Lantana Camara – Lantana camara (Spanish flag, West Indian lantana and
red/yellow/wild sage) is a flowering plant in the verbena family. It grows well in areas
with high heat and humidity. Unripe berries have killed children in the past. The leaves
have killed grazing livestock. However, there are disagreeing views on the edibility of
the ripe berries. Some sources say they are perfectly edible once they are fully ripe
(dark blue to purple in color), others state they are just as toxic as unripe berries.

Mistletoe – There are a couple of types of mistletoe – Phoradendron and Viscum

species. The Phoradedron variety contains a toxin called phoratoxin which can cause
blurred vision, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood pressure changes and even
death. The Viscum species contains a slightly different mix of chemicals, but they
essentially produce the same symptoms.

Moonseed – Menispermum canadense (Canadian moonseed, common moonseed

and yellow parilla) is a flowering plant native to North America. It grows in thickets,
moist woods and the banks of streams. The plant and fruit closely resemble wild
grapes. If you are unsure, cut a berry open. Moonseed berries have a single seed in
the shape of a crescent moon; grapes have multiple seeds. Moonseeds are also
reported to taste quite different from grapes, a taste described as ‘rank.’ Also, the
moonseed vine lacks tendrils. Eating the berries can produce abdominal pain and lead
to paralysis and death.

Red Nightshade – Solanum dulcamara is an invasive vine weed in North America,

though it grows in other regions. It is also known as bittersweet, bittersweet nightshade,
bitter nightshade, blue bindweed, Amara Dulcis, climbing nightshade, fellenwort,
felonwood, poisonberry, poisonflower, scarlet berry, snakeberry, trailing bittersweet,
trailing nightshade, violet bloom and woody nightshade (this is not deadly nightshade,
however). The berry is small, red, and looks and smells like a tiny tomato. It is safe for
birds, but poisonous to humans and livestock. The berries are very bitter and ingestion
can lead to vomiting and convulsions. Although fatal human poisonings are rare, some
have been reported.

Yew – Taxus baccata (common yew). All parts of this conifer tree, except the red berry
flesh, are highly toxic. Eating berries will affect you, however; it’s the inner seed that
does the harm. Death is usually sudden and without any symptoms, and there is no
known antidote.

Yew
While the red berries of the yew shrub probably won’t make you violently ill, the seed it surrounds is
one of the most poisonous plant materials you’ll ever encounter. It’s recommended that you avoid
this berry altogether unless you’re very, very desperate, in which case only consume the berry. This
berry features a sugary sap in between the fruit and the seed.

Yew Berries
photo by Muffet

Bittersweet
Another highly-poisonous berry, the bittersweet is a woody nightshade plant that features bright-red,
slightly egg-shaped berries. The berries go from green to yellow before finally turning red.

Bittersweet Berries
photo by Jamie Richmond
Doll’s Eyes
This highly-poisonous plant features easy-to-recognize berries as they are large and white with a
black mark, giving it the appearance of “eyes.”

Dolls Eyes Berries

photo by BlueRidgeKitties

Holly and European Holly

Two totally different plants, both the holly and the European holly feature red, poisonous berries.
European holly berries are only slightly poisonous to humans, though this is not a reason to consume
them!

Holly Berries
photo by ArturoYee