PMLS 1 Module 1

AMYA
POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE MEDICAL LABORATORY

Bonum Est Sui Diffusivum SCIENCE PROGRAM
COURSE MODULE
Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 1
Course No.: MT 102
Course Title: Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 1
Unit: 3 Units Lecture
Pre-/Co-Requisite:
Year Level: 1st Year, 1st Semester
Course Description:
This course is designed to introduce to students the fundamental principles and concepts
of Medical Technology education and profession clinical laboratory and pathology services,
clinical laboratory biosafety, risk assessment and waste management practices. Professional
practice issues and the historical foundations of the profession are also discussed.
Course Objectives:
At the end of the course, the learners are expected to:
COGNITIVE
1. Explain the duties, responsibilities and accountabilities of a Medical Technologist /
Medical Laboratory Scientist in a clinical laboratory setting as well as in other fields of
professional practices;
2. Appreciate the development of the medical technology education and the practice
AFFECTIVE
3. Understand the organization, functions of and working environment of a Medical
Technologist/Clinical Laboratory Scientist
PSYCHOMOTOR
4. Apply the principles and applications of laboratory safety and waste management in
clinical laboratory practice
5. Demonstrate professional values and ethics necessary in the day-to-day practice of
the profession.
6. Develop a culture of life-long learning
Learning Module No. 1
Topic: History of Medical Technology on a Global Context

Materials: Laptop and Internet Connection
Assessment: MCQ Post-Test via Infinit
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the session, the students should be able to:
1. Describe the history of medical technology on a global context.
2. Identify the historical vies of medical technology in the United States.
3. Define the history of medical technology in the Philippines.
4. Identify important personalities that played a significant role in the progress of medical
Technology profession.
5. Define the historical milestones in Medical Technology
HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
Medical technologies are objects, directed by procedures, that are applied against the
hazards of illness. The object is the tangible dimension of technology. The procedure is the
focused and standardized plan that guides the use of the object according to defined purposes.
Some medical technologies are more object-embedded. In them the tangible portion is the
principal functional component. The X ray, artificial kidney, and penicillin are examples. Others
technologies are more procedure-embedded. Their main function is to organize facts,
individuals, and/or other technologies. Examples are the medical record, hospital, and surgical
procedures. Indeed, the common synonym for the surgical procedure, the operation, connotes
actions that are related as parts in a series.
It is important to distinguish technologies from another medium through which actions

are taken in medicine— techniques. Medical techniques are procedures mediated through the
human senses rather than through objects. Examples are percussion, pulse-feeling, and
psychoanalysis. This perspective on medical technology will be used in this entry.
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
• Also known as Clinical Laboratory Science

• Collection, receipt, preparation, investigation and laboratory analysis of samples of
human biological material for the purpose of supporting patient diagnosis, management
and treatment and for the maintenance of health and well being
• Branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the diagnostic or therapeutic applications
of science and technology.
• A dynamic healthcare profession that deals with the study and practice of diagnostic
laboratory medicine
Anna Fagelson (1961)
The branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations

and analyses used in thediagnosis and treatment of the disease and the maintenance of health.
Ruth Heinemann (1963)
The application of principles of natural, physical, and biological sciences to the performance of
laboratory procedures which aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Walters
The health profession concerned with performing laboratory analyses in view of

obtaining information necessaryin the diagnosis and treatment of disease as well as in the
maintenance of good health.
Republic Act No. 5527/ The Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969
An auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination by various
chemical, microscopic, bacteriologic and other medical laboratory procedures or technique
which will aid the physician in the diagnosis, study, and treatment of disease and in the
promotion of health in general.
Global Context and Historical Milestones
460 BC – 370 BC Hippocrates
• Father of Medicine
• Hippocratic Oath – code of ethics for practicing physicians
• Described four “humors” or body fluids in human
o blood, phlegm, yellow bile & black bile
1550 BC Vivian Herrick, MT

• traces the beginning of medical technology
• intestinal parasite such as Taenia and Ascaris were mentioned in early writings
• Ebers Papyrus
o book for treatment of diseases
o contains description of the three stages of hookworm infection
1096-1438 Ruth Williams, MT

• believes that MT began from the Medieval Period as supported by the fact that urinalysis
(the oldest laboratory procedure”) was a fad
1096-1438 Early Hindu doctors’

• scientific observation”
• urine of certain individuals attracted ants, and that such urine has a sweetish taste
• 600 BC - Hindu physician recorded the sweet taste of diabetic urine
• 1674 - that the urine in diabetes had a taste similar to honey.
•
1096 -1438 Quacks
• reaped fortunes from diagnosing diseases by the appearance for the urine
14th century Anne Fagelson

• prefers to date MT from 14th century
• a prominent Italian physician, Mondino de’ Liuzzi at the University of Bologna employed
one Allesandra Giliani to perform certain tasks now under the domain of the medical
technology profession. Unfortunately, this young lady died from a laboratory acquired
infection
1492 Pope Innocent VIII

• first unlucky recipient
HISTORICAL TRACT
YEAR PERSON CONTRIBUTION

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AMYA

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE MEDICAL LABORATORY

Topic: History of Medical Technology on a Global Context

HISTORY OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY

It is important to distinguish technologies from another medium through which actions

• Also known as Clinical Laboratory Science

The branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations

Ruth Heinemann (1963)

The health profession concerned with performing laboratory analyses in view of

Global Context and Historical Milestones

460 BC – 370 BC Hippocrates

1550 BC Vivian Herrick, MT

1096-1438 Ruth Williams, MT

1096-1438 Early Hindu doctors’

14th century Anne Fagelson

1492 Pope Innocent VIII

YEAR PERSON CONTRIBUTION

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