Unit 1: The Big Picture: Week 1: Introduction - Abap Restful Application Programming Model

Week 1: Introduction – ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
Unit 1: The Big Picture

The Big Picture
Topics
01 The Big Picture
02 Architecture Overview
03 Involved Technologies
04 Introducing SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment
05 Preparing Your ABAP Development Environment
Week 1 06 Creating Your First ABAP Cloud Console App
© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

The Big Picture
Modern ABAP application development
Focus on Utilize SAP HANA Efficient

Cloud
User Experience capabilities development
Role-based ABAP managed code Secure app development, In-app extensibility

pushdown high code quality (stable cloud extensions)
Browser-based
Code management Side by side
On any device (whitelisted APIs)
Testability
Device switch Stateless cloud-ready apps
Supportability for scalability and elasticity
Documentability
SAP Fiori and SAPUI5, ABAP SQL, Core Data ABAP Development Tools, In-App extensibility,
RESTful protocols Services (CDS), and code development methodology SAP Cloud Platform
pushdown in SAP HANA

The Big Picture
The approach
… AS A STRATEGICAL LONG-TERM SOLUTION FOR ABAP DEVELOPMENT
… FOR THE EFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT OF

SAP Fiori apps and Web APIs,
from scratch or by integrating legacy code
… OFFERING AN END-TO-END DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE WITH
PROVIDE A standardized development flow

PROGRAMMING best practices & development guides
MODEL … high development efficiency
focus on business logic, rather than technical aspects
native testability, documentability, and supportability
code pushdown to SAP HANA
comfortable support for stateless and stateful environments
… SUPPORTING THE PRODUCT QUALITIES

User Experience: SAP Fiori and SAP HANA
Cloud: scalability
Flexibility: break-outs for non-standardized implementations
Out-of-the-box extensibility and verticalization
The Big Picture
The ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP)
The ABAP RESTful PROGRAMMING MODEL

consists of …
SAP Fiori UI services

CONCEPTS Service development
Web APIs
TOOLS
Greenfield
Universally usable developments
FRAMEWORKS
programming model Brownfield
developments
LANGUAGES
SAP S/4HANA
Available on-premise
BEST PRACTISES
and in the cloud SAP Cloud Platform,
ABAP environment
… for the efficient development of

ENTERPRISE-GRADE APPLICATIONS

The Big Picture
The key players
ABAP Development Tools in Eclipse for all development tasks

Easy developer onboarding
End-to-end development flow
Languages: ABAP and CDS

Standard implementation tasks via typed APIs supporting
static code checks, auto-completion, element info
Powerful frameworks
Take over technical implementation tasks
Business logic added in code exits on protocol-agnostic layers

The Big Picture
RAP at a glance
SAP Fiori elements or SAPUI5 freestyle

SAP Fiori UI Other Clients Service consumption via Web APIs
OData Powerful querying through OData protocol
Powerful service runtime frameworks

First-class support for SAP Fiori and SAP HANA
Unternehmen
Application Out-of-the-box implementations
Infrastructure
Draft support for SAP Fiori UIs
Built-in extensibility capabilities
CDS is our ubiquitous modeling language to declare

Core Data Services (CDS)
domain data models

The big picture
Evolution towards the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model (RAP)
SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment

ABAP Platform ≤ 7.5 ABAP Platform ≥ 7.5
SAP S/4HANA ≥ 1909
CLASSIC ABAP PROGRAMMING MODEL ABAP RESTful APPLICATION

ABAP PROGRAMMING FOR SAP FIORI PROGRAMMING MODEL
SEGW / @OData
Business Service
Referenced Data Source
Best practice freestyle
ABAP programming
Core Data CDS-Based Core Data Behavior Definition
Services (CDS) BOPF Services & Implementation

The Big Picture
Wrap-up
IN THIS UNIT, YOU LEARNED

▪ About requirements in modern app development
▪ What the mission of RAP is
▪ That RAP is the strategic long-term solution for ABAP development
▪ Which parts make RAP
NEXT UNIT
▪ Week 1 – Unit 2
Architecture Overview

The Big Picture
i Additional Material
Further reading
ABAP RESTful APPLICATION PROGRAMMING MODEL

INFORMATION PAGE
For more information, links to documentation, tutorials, and more, please

visit the RAP at openSAP information page by following the link below
RAP at openSAP information page (week 1)

Thank you.
Contact information:
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP
www.sap.com/contactsap
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Unit 2: Architecture Overview
Topics
01 The Big Picture

The big picture
SERVICE SAP FIORI UI WEB API

CONSUMPTION Consume OData UI services Consume OData Web APIs
SERVICE BINDING – Bind to protocol version and scenario
SERVICE DEFINITION – Define scope to be exposed

BUSINESS
SERVICES BUSINESS OBJECT PROJECTION
PROVISIONING
CDS: Projection views
BDEF: Behavior projection

ABAP: Behavior implementation
BUSINESS OBJECTS QUERIES

DATA MODELING CDS: Data modeling CDS: Data modeling
& BEHAVIOR
BDEF: Behavior definition

BUSINESS
OBJECTS

What is a business object?
Behavior
CRUD, Actions, Functions
Locks, eTag
Authorizations, Feature
Data Model Control, Draft
R 2
?
COMPOSITION TREE
1 3
(root, parent, and child nodes) Runtime Implementation
INTERACTION PHASE
TX buffer
SAVE SEQUENCE

Business object runtime implementation types
INTERACTION SAVE
PHASE SEQUENCE UNMANAGED
For brownfield developments with available application code for
finalize interaction phase, transactional buffer, and save sequence
➔ Developers in charge of BO runtime: CRUD operations
check_before_save ➔ Adapters needed to integrate the existing code
MODIFY
adjust_numbers
READ
LOCK
save
MANAGED
For greenfield developments with standard implementation
Transactional (opt. unmanaged appl. components: DB tables, lock/PFCG object, update task FM)
buffer ➔ Standard CRUD operations work out-of-the-box
SAP HANA ➔ Developers add BO-specific business logic
BUSINESS OBJECT RUNTIME

Development flow
AUNIT
Scenario & integration test
AUNIT
Unit test
ADD IMPLEMENT
BEHAVIOR BEHAVIOR
Authority object CDS role
QUERY
DATA CDS-BASED CDS BEHAVIOR
ACCESS DATA MODEL DEFINITION ABAP CODE
CONTROL
AUTHORITY CHECK
Lock object
BUSINESS
SERVICES

What is a business service?
Service Binding Web API Lifecycle

Protocol: OData V2 or OData V4? Release
Scenario: Web API or UI? Versioning
Deprecation
2
3
?
1 Tool Support
UI: SAP Fiori elements preview
4
Web API: Swagger UI preview
Service Definition: which entities? R
BO Projection View: which elements?
Behavior Projection: which behavior?

SAP Fiori UI and Web API consumption
SAP FIORI UI Web API
UI annotation exposure Required Not required
Value help Required Not required
Dynamic feature control Required Not required
Draft Required Not required
Content IDs for complex

Not required Required
$batch requests
Release, versioning, and

Not required Required
deprecation

Development flow
DEFINE ROLES
Role
SERVICE
BINDING PREVIEW
BIND TO SCENARIO
AND PROTOCOL
SERVICE
AUNIT DEFINITION
Scenario & integration test
DEFINE SCOPE
ADD
BEHAVIOR AUNIT
DATA MODEL BEHAVIOR Unit test
PROJECTION PROJECTION
PROJECT ELEMENTS & ENRICH PROJECT BEHAVIOR
ADD IMPLEMENT
BEHAVIOR BEHAVIOR
Authority object CDS role
QUERY
DATA CDS-BASED CDS BEHAVIOR
ACCESS DATA MODEL DEFINITION ABAP CODE
CONTROL
AUTHORITY CHECK
Lock object
Wrap-up

▪ About the architecture of the ABAP RESTful Application Programming
Model
▪ What the vital parts of RAP are
▪ How business objects and business service fit in the picture
▪ About development types and development flow for RAP apps
NEXT UNIT
Involved Technologies

Further reading

INFORMATION PAGE

visit the RAP at openSAP information page by following the link below Update Slide

Thank you.
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP

warranty.
Unit 3: Involved Technologies
Topics
01 The Big Picture

ABAP development for SAP HANA
KEY TECHNOLOGY ASPECTS OF SAP HANA KEY IMPACTS ON ABAP APP DEVELOPMENT
IN-MEMORY COMPUTING CODE PUSHDOWN

Allowing OLTP and OLAP in real time Delegation of data computing to the DB
ROW AND COLUMN-BASED DATA STORE NO AGGREGATES

Very fast aggregation and search On-the-fly data models without duplicates
HIGH DATA COMPRESSION FEWER INDICES

Make use of real-life / sparse fill of tables Flexible and fast retrieval of the dataset
MULTICORE ARCHITECTURE SUPPORT FEWER CODE LINES

Benefit from massive parallelization Less complexity in data models and code

ABAP development for SAP HANA: Mainstream and code breakouts
MAINSTREAM
ABAP managed code pushdown
ABAP Core Data Services (CDS)

ABAP SQL
ABAP Managed Database Procedures

and Functions (AMDP)
CDS Table Functions and Hierarchies
SAP HANA BREAKOUTS

ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) – Next-generation data modeling
Semantically rich
Declarative
Close to conceptual thinking
COMMON
DATA
MODEL
For all application domains

Rich set of built-in functions
IMPROVED Code pushdown capabilities
PROGRAMMING Access control
MODEL
CORE CAPTURE Reduced complexity

BUSINESS
DATA INTENT
Extending SQL
SERVICES
ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) – Combine the best of both worlds
VIEW BUILDING
SQL views with restricted feature
set for SAP HANA capabilities
VIEW BUILDING
ABAP AS
LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT Advanced data modeling
ABAP lifecycle management Code pushdown with various built-in
e.g. transports SQL functions and expressions
ABAP type system Code breakouts to utilize native
SAP HANA features and capabilities
(CDS table functions)
VIEW BUILDING
+
Specialized views (analytical
views, attribute views, calculated LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT
views, …)
ABAP CDS
Proven and consistent ABAP lifecycle
management, e.g. transports
LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT SAP HANA ABAP type system
Non-ABAP lifecycle Consumption in ABAP SQL and ABAP
management, e.g. transports frameworks
Non-ABAP type system

ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) – Overview of supported CDS modelling entity types
CATEGORY CDS ENTITY TYPE ABAP CDS STATEMENT
Standard view building CDS View Entity DEFINE VIEW ENTITY

CDS Projection View DEFINE VIEW ENTITY AS PROJECTION
CDS DDIC-based View DEFINE VIEW
Transactional RAP BO behaviour definition CDS Behavior Definition DEFINE BEHAVIOR
Modification-free extension CDS Metadata Extension ANNOTATE VIEW

CDS Views (Entity) Extension EXTEND VIEW (ENTITY)
SAP HANA breakout CDS Table Function DEFINE TABLE FUNCTION

CDS Hierarchy DEFINE HIERARCHY
External implementation CDS Custom Entity DEFINE CUSTOM ENTITY

CDS Abstract Entity DEFINE ABSTRACT ENTITY
Access control CDS Role DEFINE ROLE

CDS in the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model


BUSINESS
PROVISIONING


& BEHAVIOR

Declarative and expression-oriented ABAP language
MODERN Simple and concise ABAP code through new language

features like inline declarations, constructor expressions
ABAP
Extensively expression-oriented syntax
Advanced table operations like CORRESPONDING( )

operator, grouping and filtering
Entity Manipulation Language (EML) to control the

transactional business object behavior in the RAP context
JSON support in sXML library
Inline code documentation with ABAP Doc
ABAP Unit Testing with test doubles and test seams

Modern ABAP & EML in the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model


BUSINESS
PROVISIONING


& BEHAVIOR

The Open Data Protocol (OData) as service protocol for simplified access to SAP data
ODATA MAKES DATA FROM BACKEND SYSTEMS AVAILABLE

to engaging user interfaces and Web APIs in a standardized way
ODATA IS USED IN
SAP Fiori & SAP Fiori elements
ODATA IS EXTENSIBLE SAPUI5
SAP S/4HANA
Allows addition of features required when
building easy-to-use applications, both mobile SAP Cloud Platform
and browser-based SAP Mobile Platform 3.0
SAP Gateway
…
ODATA IS BASED ON INDUSTRY STANDARDS

HTTP, XML, Atom, JSON
REST-based architecture
Driven by Microsoft, SAP, and IBM
OASIS standard (OData V.4 and OData JSON Format 4.0)
OData protocol in the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model


BUSINESS
PROVISIONING


& BEHAVIOR

SAP Fiori user experience (UX) for the Intelligent Suite
Coherent
Adaptive
DESIGN
PRINCIPLES Simple
Role-based
Delightful
UI TECHNOLOGIES SAPUI5 iOS Android Other technologies
SAP Fiori tools

Productivity tools to make
developers more efficient
APP DEVELOPMENT SAP Fiori elements

Templates for low-code Freestyle SAPUI5 or
development with SAPUI5
native mobile apps
Custom apps developed for
customers and partners
SAP Fiori in the ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model


BUSINESS
PROVISIONING


& BEHAVIOR

Modern ABAP development in Eclipse
HIGH DEVELOPER PRODUCTIVITY WITH

ABAP DEVELOPMENT TOOLS (ADT)
MODERN DEVELOPMENT TOOLSET
Fully Eclipse-based
Syntax check, Code completion
Syntax highlighting, Pretty printing
Navigation, Search, Quick Fixes
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Static code checks (ATC, CVA) with

remote and local scenarios
Unit testing incl. isolation frameworks
Test seams and injections
SUPPORTABILITY
Debugging, profiling
Static and dynamic logging
Runtime monitoring and analysis
ATC: ABAP Test Cockpit

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC
CVA: Code Vulnerability Analyzer 15
Wrap-up

▪ About the vital technologies that make the
ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
and how these technologies work together
NEXT UNIT
▪ Week 1 Unit 4
Introducing SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment

Further reading

INFORMATION PAGE


Thank you.
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP

warranty.
Unit 4: Introducing SAP Cloud Platform,
ABAP Environment
Topics
01 The Big Picture

Motivation
Customer Base Enterprise Readiness Transition to Cloud
Huge customer and partner base ABAP as proven environment for Growing market adoption of
running ABAP-based solutions with enterprise-ready business SAP S/4HANA Cloud with
custom code applications with competitive cost tailored extensibility for customers
of development and partners

The vital parts
SAP CLOUD PLATFORM ABAP SAP Cloud

ENVIRONMENT Platform
Services
SAP S/4HANA
ABAP PLATFORM AS A SERVICE
IoT
CLOUD
COCKPIT HTTP SERVICES User Mgmt
AND ABAP RESTful CLOUD
PROGRAMMING MODEL …
utilizing
Analytics
Core Data Services
ABAP Cloud-optimized ABAP WEB API

WEB
WEB API
DEVELOPMENT language WEBAPIAPI
TOOLS IN ECLIPSE
CLOUD
connectivity
SAP S/4HANA
GIT CODE SAP HANA SAP System
MANAGEMENT SAP CLOUD
CLOUD ON-PREMISE Non-SAP System
PLATFORM
CONNECTOR

Extension scenario 1: Cloud ERP
SAP CLOUD PLATFORM SAP Cloud

ABAP ENVIRONMENT Platform
Services
ABAP EXTENSION
IoT Use SAP Cloud Platform ABAP Environment
ML to extend SAP S/4HANA Cloud or other
SAP cloud solutions
…
connectivity
Analytics SAP Cloud solutions like SAP S/4HANA Cloud
provide in-app extensibility to extend SAP apps
SAP HANA and processes, but there is no support for
SAP CLOUD classic custom ABAP development on top of
PLATFORM SAP S/4HANA Cloud
SAP Cloud Platform is the foundation to develop
and run custom cloud extensions and the ABAP
environment shall be used for ABAP based
cloud extensions
SAP S/4HANA
CLOUD

Extension scenario 2: Innovation Platform

Services
ABAP EXTENSION
IoT Develop and run innovative ABAP apps
ML on a PaaS in the Cloud
…
connectivity
Benefit from the newest ABAP Platform and
Analytics
SAP HANA database technologies independent
from your existing on-premise system landscape
SAP HANA
SAP CLOUD Build your Fiori apps with the future proof
PLATFORM ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model
Utilize SAP Cloud Platform services like IoT,
SAP CLOUD machine learning etc. in your cloud extension
CONNECTOR Delegate operation of the ABAP PaaS and new
technologies to SAP
ON PREMISE SAP ERP

Extension scenario 3: Hub-like usage

Services Decouple ABAP implementations from
ABAP EXTENSION
IoT on-premise core business systems
ML
EXTERNAL USER GROUP
… Make your cloud app available to a broader audience that
connectivity
Analytics does not have access to your core business systems (e.g.
consumer apps)
INTEGRATION HUB
SAP HANA Integrate in your cloud extension multiple cloud/on-premise
SAP CLOUD systems with SAP/non-SAP cloud services
PLATFORM
DATA INTEGRATION
Collect data from multiple sources in your cloud extension for
further processing and analysis
SAP CLOUD
CONNECTOR DECOUPLED EXTENSION
Cloud extensions use only well defined (remote) APIs of the
Business system. This reduces the risk and effort for
SAP S/4HANA business system upgrades.
WEB
WEB API
API
SAP System WEB
WEBAPI
API
ON PREMISE Non SAP System CLOUD

Wrap-up

▪ About SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP environment
▪ What the vital parts are
▪ What the advantages are
▪ What the main scenarios are
NEXT UNIT
▪ Week 1 Unit 5
Preparing Your ABAP Development Environment

Further reading

INFORMATION PAGE


Thank you.
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP

warranty.
Unit 5: Preparing Your ABAP Development
Environment
Topics
01 The Big Picture

Getting an SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP environment trial account
Access to trial system

Free of charge
Via SAP Cloud Platform trial access
https://cockpit.hanatrial.ondemand.com/
Trial account expires after 30 days, but can be extended
to a maximum of 90 days
System lifetime is 4 months
Rules of the game

For educational purposes only
No service-level agreement with
regard to platform availability
Shared
Trial Trial users share the same
Offering backend system
No content separation between

different users

Installing and connecting ADT to the ABAP environment trial system
Access to ABAP tools

Instructions about the local installation of Eclipse and ADT
available on the central update site for all Eclipse-based
SAP development tools
https://tools.hana.ondemand.com/#abap

Demo
HANDS ON
DEMO
PREPARING YOUR ABAP DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
1. Onboarding to the SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP environment trial
2. Local installation of Eclipse platform and ABAP Development Tools
3. Connection to the trial system

Wrap-up

▪ About setting up your development environment
▪ How to get access to the SAP Cloud Platform trial account
▪ How to install ABAP Development Tools
▪ How to connect to the trial system
NEXT UNIT
Creating Your First ABAP Cloud Console App

Further reading

INFORMATION PAGE


Thank you.
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP

warranty.
Unit 6: Creating Your First ABAP Cloud Console App
Topics
01 The Big Picture

Getting started
Package structure
in the Project Explorer
ABAP class
Class definition and

implementation
ABAP Console:
The most famous
result of an ABAP app
ever ☺

Getting started
HANDS ON
DEMO
CREATE YOUR FIRST ’HELLO WORLD!’ CONSOLE APP
1. Create your course ABAP package
2. Create a HelloWorld ABAP class
3. Activate and run your first console app

Wrap-up

▪ How to create an ABAP ‘Hello World!’ console app
▪ How to use ABAP Development Tools
▪ How to create ABAP packages and classes
▪ How to activate and run a program in ABAP
NEXT UNIT
▪ Week 2
Developing a Read-Only List Report App

Further reading

INFORMATION PAGE


Thank you.
[email protected]
Follow all of SAP

warranty.

Unit 1: The Big Picture: Week 1: Introduction - Abap Restful Application Programming Model

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Week 1: Introduction – ABAP RESTful Application Programming Model

Unit 1: The Big Picture

01 The Big Picture

04 Introducing SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment

05 Preparing Your ABAP Development Environment

Week 1 06 Creating Your First ABAP Cloud Console App

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

Focus on Utilize SAP HANA Efficient

Role-based ABAP managed code Secure app development, In-app extensibility

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 3

… FOR THE EFFICIENT DEVELOPMENT OF

… OFFERING AN END-TO-END DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCE WITH

PROVIDE A standardized development flow

… SUPPORTING THE PRODUCT QUALITIES

The ABAP RESTful PROGRAMMING MODEL

SAP Fiori UI services

… for the efficient development of

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 5

ABAP Development Tools in Eclipse for all development tasks

Languages: ABAP and CDS

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 6

SAP Fiori elements or SAPUI5 freestyle

OData Powerful querying through OData protocol

Powerful service runtime frameworks

CDS is our ubiquitous modeling language to declare

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 7

SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment

CLASSIC ABAP PROGRAMMING MODEL ABAP RESTful APPLICATION

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 8

IN THIS UNIT, YOU LEARNED

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 9

ABAP RESTful APPLICATION PROGRAMMING MODEL

For more information, links to documentation, tutorials, and more, please

RAP at openSAP information page (week 1)

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 10

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved.

01 The Big Picture

04 Introducing SAP Cloud Platform, ABAP Environment

05 Preparing Your ABAP Development Environment

Week 1 06 Creating Your First ABAP Cloud Console App

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 2

SERVICE SAP FIORI UI WEB API

SERVICE BINDING – Bind to protocol version and scenario

SERVICE DEFINITION – Define scope to be exposed

BDEF: Behavior projection

BUSINESS OBJECTS QUERIES

ABAP: Behavior implementation

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 3

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 4

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 5

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 6

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 8

Service Binding Web API Lifecycle

Service Definition: which entities? R

BO Projection View: which elements?

Behavior Projection: which behavior?

© 2020 SAP SE or an SAP affiliate company. All rights reserved. ǀ PUBLIC 9

SAP FIORI UI Web API

UI annotation exposure Required Not required

Value help Required Not required

Dynamic feature control Required Not required

Draft Required Not required

Content IDs for complex