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  • How Does Sex Determined in Human Beings

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    In humans, sex is determined by the 23rd pair of chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). If the fetus has XX chromosomes, it will be a girl, and if it has XY chromosomes, it will be a boy. Sex-linked traits are phenotypes related to the chromosomal sex of an individual and are inherited differently than traits on autosomal chromosomes. Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize for discovering the role of chromosomes in heredity through his studies of inheritance of traits like eye color in fruit flies. Sex-linked traits in fruit flies like eye color are inherited in predictable patterns depending on if they are inherited on the X chromosome from the

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    In humans, sex is determined by the 23rd pair of chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). If the fetus has XX chromosomes, it will be a girl, and if it has XY chromosomes, it will be a boy. Sex-linked traits are phenotypes related to the chromosomal sex of an individual and are inherited differently than traits on autosomal chromosomes. Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize for discovering the role of chromosomes in heredity through his studies of inheritance of traits like eye color in fruit flies. Sex-linked traits in fruit flies like eye color are inherited in predictable patterns depending on if they are inherited on the X chromosome from the

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    31 views1 page

    How Does Sex Determined in Human Beings

    Uploaded by

    apranillos_garcia
    In humans, sex is determined by the 23rd pair of chromosomes. Females have two X chromosomes (XX) while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). If the fetus has XX chromosomes, it will be a girl, and if it has XY chromosomes, it will be a boy. Sex-linked traits are phenotypes related to the chromosomal sex of an individual and are inherited differently than traits on autosomal chromosomes. Thomas Hunt Morgan won the Nobel Prize for discovering the role of chromosomes in heredity through his studies of inheritance of traits like eye color in fruit flies. Sex-linked traits in fruit flies like eye color are inherited in predictable patterns depending on if they are inherited on the X chromosome from the

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    How does sex determined in human beings?

    Humans sex gametes each have the haploid number of chromosomes(23) compared to a
    normal cell. When the sperm fertilizes the egg, the number is doubled to form the full cell. the
    23rd pair of the chromosome is the one that determines the sex of the fetus. If it is a "XX"
    chromosome, it will be a girl and if it’s a "XY" chromosome, it will be a boy.

    What does Sex-Linked Trait means?


    Sex linked Trait is the phenotypic expression of an allele related to the chromosomal sex
    of the individual. This mode of inheritance is in contrast to the inheritance of traits on autosomal
    chromosomes, where both sexes have the same probability of expressing the trait. Since humans
    have many more genes on the X than the Y, there are many more X-linked traits than Y-linked
    traits. In mammals, the female is the homozygous sex, with two X chromosomes (XX), while the
    male is heterozygous, with one X and one Y chromosome (XY). Genes on the X or Y
    chromosome are called sex linked genes.

    Who is Thomas Hunt Morgan? Give his contributions in the field of genetics.
    Thomas Hunt Morgan (1866-1945) won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in
    1933 for his discovery of the role played by chromosomes in heredity. He is perhaps most noted
    for his "fly lab" at Columbia University in New York, where he collected Drosophila (fruit fly)
    mutants. Morgan studied fruit flies much in the same way that Mendel studied peas. He found
    that the inheritance of certain characteristics, such as eye color, was affected by the sex of the
    offspring.

    How is Sex-Linked Trait inherited?


    Drosophila is used to illustrate how alleles on sex chromosomes are inherited in
    predictable patterns. In sex-linked inheritance, alleles on sex chromosomes are inherited in
    predictable patterns. For example, in Drosophila the locus for eye color is located on the X
    chromosome. The allele for red eye color, which is normal in wild flies, is dominant to the
    mutant allele for white eyes. As females have two chromosomes X (with a locus for eye color),
    they might be homozygous or heterozygous for either allele. Males, who carry only one X
    chromosome, are always hemizygous. They carry only the one X chromosome inherited from
    their mother, and it determines their eye color. Homozygous red eyed females (RR) mate with
    hemizygous white eyed males (w-). In the offspring, all the daughters are red eyed heterozygotes
    (Rw) and all sons are red eyed hemizygotes (R-). Homozygous white eyed females (ww) mate
    with hemizygous red eyed males (R-). In the offspring, all the daughters are red eyed
    heterozygotes (Rw) and all sons are white eyed hemizygotes (w-).

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