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  • Lecture - 5 Entil - Origin, Geographic Distribution, Economic Importance, Soil and Climatic

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    Lentil is an important pulse crop grown in India and around the world. It is high in protein and nutrients. Lentil grows best in cool climates and is cultivated between October and February in India. The three main lentil growing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. Lentil requires well-drained soil and moderate temperatures for growth. Several varieties have been developed for different growing conditions. Proper cultural practices including seed treatment, fertilizer application, weed control, and irrigation are needed to achieve average yields of 1.8 to 2.0 tons per hectare.

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    5. Lentil

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    Lentil is an important pulse crop grown in India and around the world. It is high in protein and nutrients. Lentil grows best in cool climates and is cultivated between October and February in India. The three main lentil growing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. Lentil requires well-drained soil and moderate temperatures for growth. Several varieties have been developed for different growing conditions. Proper cultural practices including seed treatment, fertilizer application, weed control, and irrigation are needed to achieve average yields of 1.8 to 2.0 tons per hectare.

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    267 views3 pages

    Lecture - 5 Entil - Origin, Geographic Distribution, Economic Importance, Soil and Climatic

    Uploaded by

    Sailakshmi
    Lentil is an important pulse crop grown in India and around the world. It is high in protein and nutrients. Lentil grows best in cool climates and is cultivated between October and February in India. The three main lentil growing states in India are Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar. Lentil requires well-drained soil and moderate temperatures for growth. Several varieties have been developed for different growing conditions. Proper cultural practices including seed treatment, fertilizer application, weed control, and irrigation are needed to achieve average yields of 1.8 to 2.0 tons per hectare.

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    of 3

    MTCA

    Lecture – 5

    Lentil – Origin, geographic distribution, economic importance, soil and climatic


    requirement, varieties, cultural practices and yield

    Lens culinaris Family:- Fabaceae

    Origin
    Eastern Mediterranean - Asia Minor, Greece and Egypt.

    Geographic distribution
     Important Lentil growing countries:- India, Turkey, Syria, Pakistan, Spain, and
    Bangladesh.
     Important Lentil cultivating states in India:- MP, UP, Bihar and West Bengal.

    Area, Production and Productivity of Lentil (Masoor) in India


    Area (Million ha) Production (Million tons) Productivity (Kg ha-1)
    1.46 1.22 838

    Economic importance
     One of the oldest and most nutritious pulse
     It contains protein 25.0%, carbohydrate 60.0% and Fat 1.8%
     It is rich in calcium, iron and niacin.
     It has the potential to cover the risk of rainfed farming.
     It is also used as a cover crop to check soil erosion.
     The split dal are deep orange (or) orange yellow in colour.
     It is eaten as dal.
     Germinated seeds are used for preparation of usal.
     Being a leguminous crop fix atmospheric nitrogen and improve soil fertility.
     Whole pulse is known as Malka masoor.
     Dried husk, stalks and broken grain is used as cattle feed

    Classifications
    1. Small seeded group sub sp. microspermae (masuri)
    2. Bold seeded group sub sp macrospermae (malkamasur)

    Soil
    • North India - Light loamy and alluvial soils
    • M.P and Maharashtra - Well drained, moderately deep, light black soils.
    • Punjab - Undulated lands are used for Lentil cultivation.
    • The crop can with stand moderate amount of alkalinity.
    • Acid soils are not suitable.

    Climate

    AGR 203 | Crop Production Technology – II (Rabi crops) (1+1)

    X
    MTCA

    • It requires cold climate sown in winter season.


    • Cultivated up to 3000 m above Mean Sea Level.
    • Optimum temperature for growth is 18°C to 30°C.
    • Can be raised with moisture conserved during monsoon period.
    • It is a very hardy plant. (Not affected by rain at any stage and Can tolerate frost
    and severe winter)
    • Cold Temperature - Vegetative growth.
    • Warm temperature - Time of maturity.

    Season
    • Time of sowing Second fortnight of October.
    • Delayed sowing Heavy yield reduction after 15th November.

    Varieties
    Pusa varieties Punjab varieties UP varieties
    Pusa 1 – 100 to 140 days L 912 Type 8 - 120 to 125 days
    Pusa 4 – 130 to 140 days LL 56 Type 36 – 130 to 140 days
    Pusa 6 – 130 to 135 days 150-160 days

    Wilt resistant/ tolerant varieties


    RVL-31, IPL81 (Noori), IPL -316, Sekhar masoor-2, Sekhar masoor-2, VL Masoor
    -133, VL Masoor-514, Kota Masoor-1, Kota Masoor-2

    Rust resistant/ tolerant varieties

    PL-406, WBL-77, Pant L-6, Pant L-7, Narendra Masoor-1, Sekhar masoor-2,
    Sekhar masoor-2, IPL-316, IPL-220, LL 931

    Cultural practices
    Land preparation
    • Soil should be made friable.
    • Proper moisture in soil for proper germination.

    Seed rate
    • Normal sown - 30 to 40 kg ha-1
    • Late sown - 50 to 60 kg ha-1
    • Small seeded - 40 to 45 kg ha-1
    • Bold seeded - 45 to 60 kg ha-1
    • Utera cropping - 60 to 80 kg ha-1

    Seed Treatment
    • Thirum (2 gm) + Carbendazim (1gm) (Or)
    • Rhizobium + PSB, one packet each for 10 kg seed.

    Yield reduction can be minimized by

    AGR 203 | Crop Production Technology – II (Rabi crops) (1+1)

    X
    MTCA

    • Closer spacing.
    • Higher seed rate

    Spacing and Sowing Methods


    • Line sowing: 30 cm row spacing (behind country plough).
    • Broadcasting: Just like rice fallow pulses.
    • Late sown condition: 20 cm spacing.
    Depth of sowing
    2 to 3 cm.

    Fertilizer
    • N - 20 to 25 kg ha-1
    • P - 50 to 60 kg ha-1
    • S - 20 kg ha-1
    Whenever cultivated after rice – Spray 0.5% ZnSO4.

    Weed Management
    Fluchloralin 0.75kg ai ha-1 as pre -planting spray (or) Hand weeding twice at 30
    DAS and 60 DAS.

    Water Management
    • 1 to 2 irrigation.
    • 1st irrigation at 40 DAS.
    • 2nd irrigation at flowering (or) pod formation

    Cropping system
    Intercropping
    • Lentil + Sugarcane (2:2)
    • Lentil + Linseed (2:2)
    • Lentil + Mustard (2:6)
    Rotation
    • Kharif fallow - Lentil (Rainfed areas)
    • Paddy - Lentil
    • Maize - Lentil
    • Cotton - Lentil
    • Bajra - Lentil
    • Jowar - Lentil
    • Groundnut - Lentil

    Harvesting
    When the plants dry up, leaves begin to fall, stem and pod turn brown, pods
    mature and moisture reaches 12%.

    Yield:- 1.8 to 2.0 t ha-1.

    AGR 203 | Crop Production Technology – II (Rabi crops) (1+1)

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