Addis Ababa Science and Technology University: College of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Addis Ababa science and Technology University
College of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Technical report writing and research methodology group assignment
Section two
Group members name ID NO
1 Haile Awoke ……………………………………………. ETS 0546/08
2 Hagos Brhane………………………………………….. ETS 0543/08
3 Hagos H/Selassie …………………………………….. ETS 0545/08
4 Habtamu Dejene……………………………………… ETS 0534/08
5 W/Senbet Fantahun ………………………………. ETS0981/09
6 Kalkidan Bimrew ……………………………………… ETS 0635/08

Analytical report refers to the report that contains information along with necessary analysis,
explanation and recommendation. This reports offer both information and analysis, but they
also include recommendations. That is, analytical report not only presents and analyzes
information but also interprets the information and makes recommendations. This report
usually deals with complex and critical issues. Some definitions of renowned authors are given
below:
In the opinion of Himstreet and Baty, “Analytical reports attempt to solve problems.”
According to Kitty O. Locker, “Reports can be called analytical reports if they interpret data but
do not recommendation.”
Finally, we can conclude that analytical report presents information along with necessary
analysis, interpretation and conclusion. Examples of analytical reports are suggestion reports,
which make suggestions, recommendations reports, which recommend actions; justification
reports which state facts and request approval, feasibility reports, which cheek into the
possibility of making changes etc.
Etymology: Analytical comes from Late Latin analyticus, from Greek analytikos,which means
separating something into component parts or constituent elements.
Basic Features(characteristics ) of an Analytical Report
Analysis of any study is a thorough, detailed report that develops a complete understanding of
an issue or question. An analytical report needs the research of an issue and generally creates a
recommendation on resolving it. Different analytical reports discuss an issue and report on the
possibility of different solutions.
Issue
Almost every analytical report starts with an issue. Analytical reports must be required for
problems in different areas, ranging from which product or service an organization should put
its best efforts into generating and marketing.
Methods
All analytical reports follow some types of methodology. There is generally a period of
gathering details related to the particular research problem. The report generally comprises of
a standard structure beginning with executive summaries and table of contents, the body of the
research, recommendations and summaries. Moreover, it also includes glossaries, appendixes
and bibliographies.
Limitations
Analytical reports should consider the limitations within which a specific issue must be
considered. Constrains may be legal, such as construction or building laws, while considering
the qualities of a proposed architectural project. Moreover, employment and cost laws must be
carefully taken into account. Some other constrains include: environmental effects, public
relations, health and safety issues or any technical issues such as transportation, production or
more.
Analysis Report Template
Just as it is important to conduct a good needs assessment, it is also essential to report the
findings in a clear, concise manner that decision-makers can understand and use. The “Analysis
Report Template” tool lists the major topics that should be included in a needs assessment or
task analysis report. The formality of the report will depend upon the size and scope of the
project and the nature of your relationship with the client. It is easy to get so caught up in the
analysis phase of a project that there may not be enough time for the equally important design,
production, and evaluation phases. On the other hand, the clearer and more accurate your
analysis, the more likely it is that your project will be focused on the real needs of the client and
thereby be successful.
ANALYSIS REPORT TEMPLATE
Executive: This section presents an overview of the analysis findings in a format that allows
decision makers to make important decisions effectively and efficiently
Introduction: This section introduces the major sections of the report as well as the primary
people involved in conducting the analysis and producing the report. The client is also clearly
identified.
Background: This section describes any information which is needed to provide the reader with
an understanding of the background for the analysis, e.g., who initiated it and why.
Purposes: This section describes the purpose(s) of the analysis. For example, a needs
assessment might be done to detect training or education needs that aren’t being met by
existing programs. Or a needs assessment might be done to confirm the existence of needs or
clarify the nature of needs that others have perceived. A job or task analysis might be
undertaken to collect information directly related to the nature of the interactive multimedia
product under development.
Limitations: This section spells out any limitations to the interpretation and generalizability of
the analysis. It should also describe threats to the reliability and validity of the instruments
(e.g., questionnaires, interview protocols, or focus group protocols) used in the analysis.
Questions: A key element of an effective analysis is careful specification of the questions to be

addressed by the analysis methods. The clearer and more detailed these questions are, the
more likely that you will be able to provide useful answers to them. It is usually a good idea to
collect needs assessment data in several ways from several sources, especially in projects that
are quite costly.
Methods: This section describes the analysis techniques used such as observations and
surveys. Step-by-step descriptions of what was done should be provided.
Sample: This section describes the students, trainers, and other personnel included in the
analysis.
Instrumentation: This section describes all the instruments and tools that were used during
the analysis. Copies of the tools should be included in the Appendices.
Results: This section spells out the findings. Graphs and charts should be used wherever they
are appropriate.
Recommendations: This section presents recommendations based upon the findings report in
the previous section.
Summary: This section presents a brief “easy to digest” synopsis of the report.
References: This last section lists the sources reviewed or consulted during the analysis.
Example:
Vehicle speeds depend on factors relating to drivers, vehicles, and the roadway environment.
Operational studies show that curvature is the roadway element that is most successful in predicting
vehicle speeds. If, however, a causative explanation of drivers’ behavior is sought, then attitude surveys
are more appropriate than traffic observations. This paper features a survey of drivers who were asked
to rate 14 elements of the road environment as to how importantly these influence their choice of
speed on interurban road curves. A comparison of responses between drivers who claimed to obey
speed limits (no violators) and those who claimed not to (violators) shows that the latter gave
significantly lower ratings to all types of signing and were generally less restricted by roadway elements
in choosing their speed. Factor analysis of the data indicates that speed choice on curves can be
described by four road-environment factors: separation of opposing traffic; cross-section characteristics;
alignment; and signing. Separate analyses show that no violators are primarily influenced by the signing
factor in choosing their speed on curves, while violators' speed is chiefly determined by the road-layout
factor. These findings suggest that speed reduction, where necessary, could be brought about by
provision of reliable signing as well as safe and consistent low- speed alignment. The four factors
identified by the analysis correspond to the findings of driver-behavior studies, indicating that attitude
surveys can be used as a reliable aid in forming and evaluating relevant policies, whether at a local or a
strategic level.

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Addis Ababa science and Technology University

College of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Group members name ID NO

1 Haile Awoke ……………………………………………. ETS 0546/08

2 Hagos Brhane………………………………………….. ETS 0543/08

3 Hagos H/Selassie …………………………………….. ETS 0545/08

4 Habtamu Dejene……………………………………… ETS 0534/08

5 W/Senbet Fantahun ………………………………. ETS0981/09

6 Kalkidan Bimrew ……………………………………… ETS 0635/08

Basic Features(characteristics ) of an Analytical Report

Analysis Report Template

ANALYSIS REPORT TEMPLATE

Questions: A key element of an effective analysis is careful specification of the questions to be

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