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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ROAMNTIC ERA AND VICTORIAN ERA

ROMANTIC ERA VICTORIAN ERA

Romantic era did not have a king or queen. Victorian era had a queen Victoria.

Pastoral life, medievalism, Serialization, Class, Science vs.

Religion, Nostalgia, Utilitarianism,
Hellenism, supernaturalism were the
progress etc were the main features of
important features of this era. this era.

Romantic Period’s timeline was not Victorian Age where it began with
restricted to the reign of the Queen Victoria’s rule and ended
monarch who ruled during that time, upon her death.
which in turn, made this period one
of the shortest periods of British
literary history.

During the Romantic Age, towns In the Victorian Period the

became cities and more and Industrial Revolution had started
more villagers, forced by in the 18th century with the
economic necessity to seek work invention of the steam engine
in the growing factories, huddled and machines for spinning and
together in filthy slums. Men, weaving.
women and children worked
from sunrise to sunset.

Romanticism represents an attempt to During Victoria’s reign great economic,

rediscover the mystery and wonder of the social, and political changes occurred in
world. Britain 

The small changes in this period began the long Society was divided into upper class, middle
struggle for equality which is still going on class, and the working class (England Facts). A
today period of inequality, the industry brought rapid
changes everyday and affected all classes
(English Heritage).
Or
The Victorian Age produced a
variety of changes. Political and
social reform produced a variety of
reading among all classes. The
 lower-class became more self-
conscious, the middle class more
powerful and the rich became more
vulnerable.

Artistic, intellectual and literary The Victorian Age was also an era
movement that originated in of several unsettling social
Europe. And this era brought a more developments. In
brave, individual, and imaginative Victorian society, individualism was
clearly eclipsed by imperial fervour and
approach to the both literature and
jingoism. 
life.

Romantic poets revered and adored Victorian poets regarded nature as

nature. in a more realistic and less idealistic
angel.
Language used in this era was Medieval text, modern language,
conventional, full of expressions, can be easily understood,
expressive and dramatic, praise of industrialization, greyness of life is
nature, emotionally charged, brought out, realistic.
flowery language.
influenced by nature, supernatural Influenced by science, innovations
elements, wonderment, romance, and technology, less emotional,
emotional aspects involved, down to earth, realistic, human
alarmingly dramatic and expressive. misery was shown cased,
(type of poetry) occasional poetry written to
describe a particular event. (type of
poetry)
In this era, themes of poetry were In this era, themes of the poetry
literary enlightenment, were industrialization, science
liberalization, artistic, nature, technology, progress in medicine
conventional women, aristocracy, and communication, realistic
middle class. portrayal of life, women’s large role
in society, poverty, economic
hardship.
Individualism became the center of But Victorian era was more
the romantic vision. individualistic and emotional.
The Victorian Age produced a variety of changes. Political and social
reform produced a variety of reading among all classes. The lower-class
became more self-conscious, the middle class more powerful and the rich
became more vulnerable.

Queen Victoria influenced the literary age herself. She loved to read and she
was educated in the finest schools in Great Britain. Queen Victoria
encouraged reading among all of her people. She gave out free books to
children and she built schools for the lower classes. Also the Queen invited
prominent Victorian age writers such as Alfred, Lord Tennyson and Charles
Dickens to read privately to her in Buckingham Palace.
The Victorian Age was also an era of several unsettling social
developments. This forced writers to take positions on immediate issues
animating the rest of society.

Society was divided into upper class, middle class, and the working class (England Facts). A
period of inequality, the industry brought rapid changes everyday and affected all classes (English
Heritage).
In the Victorian Period the Industrial Revolution had started in the
18th century with the invention of the steam engine and machines for
spinning and weaving.
During Victoria’s reign great economic, social, and political changes occurred in Britain 

Romantic Period was unique not only because of its literature, but of the
social and political aspects of this time period that affected such literature.
Unlike other eras such as the Victorian Age where it began with Queen
Victoria’s rule and ended upon her death, the Romantic Period’s timeline
was not restricted to the reign of the monarch who ruled during that time,
which in turn, made this period one of the shortest periods of British literary
history (Greenblatt).
The small changes in this period began the long struggle for equality which is still going on today.
During the Romantic Age, towns became cities and more and more
villagers, forced by economic necessity to seek work in the growing
factories, huddled together in filthy slums. Men, women and children
worked from sunrise to sunset.
Romanticism represents an attempt to rediscover the mystery and wonder of the world.
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Difference Between Romantic and Victorian Poetry

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Romantic period and Victorian period are two notable periods in literature. The romantic
period was an artistic and literary movement that originated in Europe towards the end of
the 18th century. The Victorian period is the period during the reign of Queen
Victoria. The main difference between Romantic and Victorian poetry is that Romantic
poets revered and adored nature whereas Victorian poets regarded nature as in a more
realistic and less idealistic angel.
Romantic Poetry
Romanticism was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in
Europe towards the end of the 18th century. Romantic poetry refers to the poetry written
during the romanticism. Romantic poetry was a reaction against conventions, rules, and
traditional laws of poetry. It is considered to be the exact opposite of neoclassical
poetry; neoclassical poetry is the poetry of reason and intellect whereas romantic poetry
is the poetry of emotion, passion, and sentiments. The romantic poets were against the
influence of intellect in their poetry. According to Wordsworth, one of the foremost
Romantic poets, "Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its
origin from emotion recollected in tranquillity." Emotion and imagination are hallmarks of
romantic poems.
Nature is one of the most used themes in romantic poetry; nature was something to be
revered and admired. It was a source of inspiration, happiness, and
satisfaction. Pastoral life, medievalism, Hellenism, supernaturalism are also important
features of romantic poetry.
William Blake, William Wordsworth, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Samuel Taylor Coleridge,
Lord Byron, and John Keats are considered to be the leading figures in romantic poetry.
Difference Between Romantic and Victorian Poetry
Lord Byron
Victorian Poetry
Victorian literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria. Although
romantic poetry played a dominant role in the romantic period, it was the Victorian novel
that played an important role in the Victorian period.
The reclaiming of the past was a major element of Victorian literature; Victorian poets
displayed an interest in the medieval literature of England. The heroic and chivalry
knights were a particular favourite of Victorian poets. Alfred Tennyson's Idylls of the
King, which blended Arthurian legends with contemporary ideas, is a fine example of this
theme.
The use of sensory elements was another important characteristic of Victorian
poetry. Many Victorian Poets used imagery and the sensory elements to express the
struggles between Religion and Science and ideas about Nature and Romance.
Robert Browning, Thomas Hardy, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and Alfred Tennyson are
some notable poets in the Victorian period.
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The Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had
just as many or more differences. They first differed in rule; the Romantic
Age didn't have a king or queen, but they did during the Victorian Period.
They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial
Revolution also had a huge effect on both time periods.

The Romantic Period was from 1784 until 1832, it brought a more brave,
individual, and imaginative approach to both literature and life. During this
time the individual became more important than society. Individualism
became the center of the Romantic vision (Pfordresher, 423). The Romantic
Age in England was a movement that affected all the countries of Western
Europe. Romanticism represents an attempt to rediscover the mystery and
wonder of the world (Pfordresher, 424). The French Revolution, 1793-
1815, gave life and breath to the dreams of many Romantic writers; they
wanted liberty and equality for all individuals (Pfordresher, 423).

The Industrial Revolution was changing England from a rural society to a

nation of factories (Fuller, 280). England changed from an agricultural
society to an industrial one as well as home manufacturing to factory
production. When Napoleon came into power, people became violent and
corrupt, as their former rulers had once been, this was known as the Reign
of Terror.

"England emerged from the eighteenth century a parliamentary state in

which the monarchy was largely a figurehead," according to Pfordresher.
(Pfordresher, 423). The Victorian Period was from 1832 until 1901. It
marked the climax of England's rise to economic and military dominance
(Pfordresher, 543). The Romantic spirit didn't disappear, but it wasn't the
leading influenc...

... middle of paper ...

...produced revolutionary unrest (Fuller, 284). Industry and trade expanded
rapidly, and railroads and canals crisscrossed the country (Merritt, 320).

The Romantic Age and the Victorian Period had many similarities in the
effect of industry on society and poetry. They had a lot more differences in
the background and the writing styles and beliefs of the poets of both times.
No matter the time and place the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period
had many similarities and differences, as any other time period would with
another corresponding time period.

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Similarities and differences between the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period. Similarities
and Differences between the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period What were the
similarities and differences between the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period? The
Romantic Age and Victorian Period had many similarities, but they had far more differences.
They first differed in rule: the Romantic Age didn’t have a king or queen, but the Victorian
Period did. They were similar and different in writing styles, and beliefs. The Industrial
Revolution also had an effect on both time periods.The Romantic Period was from 1784 until
1832. The Romantics brought amore brave, individual, and imaginative approach to both
literature and life.

During the Romantic Age the individual became more important than society. Individualism
became the center of the Romantic vision. The Romantic Age in England was a movement
that affected all the countries of Western Europe. Romanticism represents an attempt to
rediscover the mystery and wonder of the world. The French Revolution, 1793-1815, gave
life and breath to the dreams of some Romantic writers.They wanted liberty and equality for
all individuals. The Industrial Revolution was changing England from a rural society to a
nation of factories (Fuller, 280). England changed from an agricultural society to an industrial
society and from home manufacturing to factory production.

When Napoleon came into power, people became as violent and corrupt as their former
rulers. This was known as the Reign of Terror. “England emerged from the eighteenth
century a parliamentary state in which the Almeida 2 monarchy was largely a figurehead,”
according to Pfordresher.The Victorian Period was from 1832 until 1901. It marked the
climax of England’s rise to economic and military dominance.

The Romantic spirit didn’t disappear, but it wasn’t the leading influence. “The Romantic
Period shaded gradually into the Victorian Age, which gets its name from Queen Victoria,”
said by Fuller in The New Book of Knowledge. Queen Victoria reigned for 63 years, 1837-
1901, the longest in English history. Victorian England was mighty, and its empire circled the
globe (Fuller, 284). During her reign, Britain emerged as the world’s foremost industrial
nation.Many people were critical of the society in which they lived (Fuller, 284). Nineteenth
century England became the first modern and industrial nation.

During Victoria’s reign great economic, social, and political changes occurred in Britain
(Merritt, 320). Pfordresher said that “It ruled the most widespread empire in world history,
embracing all of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, and many smaller
countries in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean. ”. England then started to become unstable and
survival seemed doubtful. An English version of the French Revolution seemed dangerously
close.The number of people doubled in England between 1801 and 1850.

Like the Romantic Age, the population shifted from rural areas to the newly industrialized
cities. “The Victorian years did bring increasing efforts to achieve political, social, and
economic reforms to meet the changes created by industrialization,” said by Pfordresher.
Almeida 3 the 1840? s were the worst of the century for employment, hunger, and disease.
Another difference between the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period is the way that the
writers wrote and in what they believed.

Romantic writers were optimists, they believed in the possibility of progress, social and
human reform. They saw mankind as generally good, but were corrupted by society.
Romantic writers broke with the eighteenth century belief in the power of reason, instead
they believed in imagination and emotion (Fuller, 280).

The preromantics were a group of poets who represented a bridge between classicism and
romanticism. They signaled the awareness of social problems and the love of nature that
became typical of English romanticism. William Blake was the leading preromantic poet.
Merritt, 319). Romantic poets believed that nature was the principle source of inspiration,
spiritual truth, and enlightenment.

“Poets of the Romantic Age focused on the ordinary person and common life in order to
affirm the worth and dignity of all human beings, and to repudiate to evils of a class system
that artificially designated a few select people as more important than others because of
wealth, position, or name,” said Pfordresher. From 1786 to 1830 a few major poets emerged
who permanently affects the nature of English language and literature.Robert Burns was a
Scottish writer who wrote about characters, sometimes with a Scottish dialect another writer
of the Romantic Age was Percy Bysshe Shelley, and idealist and social reformer.

John Keats wrote intense and vivid poems. Many deal with beauty and it’s inevitable passing.
William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were the first important English romantic
poets (Merritt, 320).

In 1798 Almeida 4 Wordsworth and Coleridge wrote a volume of poems called Lyrical
Ballads. It has sometimes been called romantic poetry’s declaration of independence (Fuller,
281).Victorian poets thought and wrote differently that the Romantic poets. Victorian poets
dealt with the contrast between the prosperity of the middle and upper classes and the
miserable conditions of the poor (Merritt, 320). In the later years of the period there were
modern kinds of realistic writing. Some authors showed a new, deeper understanding of
character. Lord Tennyson has been called the voice of Victorian England.
Lord Tennyson reflects the Victorian concern with moral codes in the retelling of King
Author’s legends, “The Idylls of the King. PeterBrowning was another good writer, but she
was more admired than understood (Merritt, 284). The Industrial Revolution took place in
England from 1750 until 1850. During the Romantic Age, towns became cities and more and
more villagers, forced by economic necessity to seek work in the growing factories, huddled
together in filthy slums. Men, women and children worked from sunrise to sunset. For
children of the poor, religious training, medical care, and education were practically
nonexistent.Through the efforts of reformers, the church and government assumed
responsibilities. Sunday schools were organized; hospitals were built; movements were begun
to reform the prisons and regulate the conditions of child labor.

Gradually English society began to awake to its obligations to the helpless. In the Victorian
Period the Industrial Revolution had started in the 18th century with the invention of the
steam engine and machines for spinning and weaving. In northern England the “newly
mechanized” textile industry expanded Almeida 5 rapidly.Industrialization destroyed old jobs
as it provided new ones. During the population shifting there was bad water, no sanitation
and little food. Men, women and children worked up to 16 hours a day, 6 days a week, in
factories without safety regulations.

Industry became a major influence on English life. In Europe it produced revolutionary unrest
(Fuller, 284). Industry and trade expanded rapidly, and railroads and canals crisscrossed the
country (Merritt, 320). The Romantic Age and the Victorian Period had many similarities in
the effect of industry on society and poetry.

They had a lot more differences in the background and the writing styles and beliefs of the
poets of both times. So in conclusion, the Romantic Age and the Victorian Period had many
similarities and differences. Fuller, Edmond. “English Literature. ” The New Book of
Knowledge. volume 5. Danbury, Connecticut: 1995.

https://brainly.in/question/6151042
What are the differences between Romantic and Victorian Poetry?
The main difference between romantic and Victorian poetry is the way in
which these two portrayed life, new inventions, idea and philosophies in
their poetry.
>>>Romantic Poetry:-
>>Time Period:-
>1800- 1830
>>Type :-
>Influenced by Nature
>Supernatural elements
>Wonderment, Romance, emotional aspects involved
>Alarmingly dramatic and expressive
>>Poets:-  
>John Keats, Percy Shelley, Samuel Taylor,William Wordsworth
>>Language :-
>Conventional
>Full of expressions
>Expressive and dramatic
>Praise of nature
>Emotionally charged
>Flowery language
>>Concentration:-
>Centers on the poet: poet’s eye
>Emphasized the power of imagination and man’s relationship to the
supernatural.
>>Themes :-
>Literary enlightenment
>Liberalization
>Artistic
>Nature
>Conventional women
>Aristocracy
>Middle-class
>>>Victorian Poetry:-
>>Time Period:-
>1837-1901
>>Type :-
>Influenced by science, innovations, and technology.
>Less emotional
>Down to earth
>Realistic
>Human misery was showcased
>Occasional poetry written to describe a particular event
>>Poets :-
>Alford Lord Tennyson,             Mathew Arnold, Robert         Browning
>>Language :-
>Medieval text
>Modern Language
>Can be easily understood
>Industrialization, grayness of life is brought out
>Realistic
>>Concentration:-
>Not just the views and experience of the poet; a second person can be
involved
>Man as not a part of nature but as the ruler of it
>>Themes :-
>Industrialization
>Science technology
>Progress in medicine and communication
>Women’s large role in society
>Realistic portrayal of life
>Economic hardships
>Poverty
>Working class struggle with politics and daily life....
Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in
late 18th century Western Europe. It stressed strong emotion, imagination,
freedom within or even from classical notions of form in art, and overturning
of previous social conventions, particularly the position of the aristocracy.  
Victorians were just the opposite. They had a strict set of moral standards
which were often applied hypocritically. Feelings and ideas were stifled.
Victorian prudery sometimes went so far as to deem it improper to say "leg"
in mixed company (the preferred euphemism if such must be mentioned
was "limb"), and people would even put skirts on piano legs in the name of
modesty. Those going for a dip in the sea at the beach would use a bathing
machine. Verbal or written communication of emotion or sexual feelings
was also often verboten so people instead used the language of flowers.
hope it helps!!

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Key differences between Romantic Era and
Victorian Era Poetry
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Key differences between Romantic Era and Victorian Era Poetry
Poetry is one of the ways that poets use in order to express their ideas and opinions
to the rest of the world. Poetry is a genre that has lived the test of time as one of the
avenues that artists and poets reach the audience and convey their messages. The
two most popular periods that experienced different styles in poetry and which mark
the basis of this discussion are the Romantic and Victorian poetry. The discussion
delineates on the noticeable differences of poetry in these two periods.
Examples of poems classified as romantic include John Keats’ ‘Ode on a Grecian
Urn’, William Wordsworth’s ‘Tintern Abbey ‘and Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s ‘Kubla
Khan’ among many others. The Victorian poems include Lord Tennyson’s “Ulysses”
and Robert Browning’s “My last Duchess” among others.
Romantic poetry is believed to have begun in the 70s in Europe. This period was
associated with intellectual artist movement, as people were gaining more
knowledge through education. During this period, most of the ideas and poems were
focused on the beauty of nature. Extreme emotional scenes and moods
characterized the poems. These poems also laid much emphasis on individuality and
liberation. They were aimed at expressing some form of liberty and freedom in terms
of love and nature. Most of these poems went against the conformity, convention,
and tyranny of religion. For instance, in the William Wordsmith’s poem “Tintern
Abbey”, the poet emphasizes on the splendid nature. The poet recounts the many
seasons that have passed before going to Abbey to experience the nature and the
beauty that nature provides such as mountains, as illustrated in the first stanza of the
poem “five years have passed, five summers, with the length”.
The poems of this era also centered on the poet as the focus. For instance, in the
poem ‘Tintern’ by William Wordsmith, the focus is on the poet who is remembering
the past years. He expresses the love and the beauty of Abbey. The focus is on him
and not other people. This is illustrated in the last stanza which reads “and this green
pastoral landscape, were to me”. The use of “me” is an indication of the poet who is
telling the story.
Another aspect of the poems of the romantic era is that they were expressive and
dramatic. This means that the language the poets used to convey the message was
full of expressions. The expressions aimed at enhancing or emphasizing the
message the poets were communicating. Examples of these dramatic expressions in
the poems include ‘Ah!’ and ‘O!’ among others. In the poem ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’
by John Keats, some of the verses with these expressions include ‘Ah, happy, happy
boughs! That cannot shed,’ ‘O mysterious priest,’ or ‘mountain-built with peaceful
citadel’ among many others.
The poems are also more aligned in indulging the audience into physical and
emotional passions. For instance, William Wordsmith’s poem ‘Tintern’ evokes
physical as well as emotional passions through the narrations. The poet expresses
how he used to feel going to the mountains to experience nature. These were the old
days when he was young. The expressions and narrations of the physical landscape
are conveyed with passion; the way the poet misses and how he used to enjoy
triggers emotional passions. It makes one want to experience the adventure of the
poet. For example, the verses ‘My former pleasures in the shooting light Of thy wild
eyes’ and ‘Oh! yet a little while, May I behold in thee what I was once,’ are a clear
illustration of how the poet felt during the period of his youth.
On the other hand, Victorian poems were composed during the period 1832- 1901,
during the reign of Queen Victoria. As stated earlier, two examples of poems that fall
in this category include Lord Tennyson’s ‘Ulysses’ and Robert Browning’s ‘My last
Duchess’. These poems implied themes that revolved around the culture of people,
and the way they worshiped gods and conquered wars in their battles. Ulysses is
concerned about his elderly wife; therefore, he passes laws to help guard his wife.
He is also exalted for winning the battle of Troy. He hopes that he is still valuable
even in his old age. He has hopes in his son Telemachus, and believes that he
would lead the people to the right direction if he dies, “This is my son, mine own
Telemachus, To whom I leave the sceptre and the isle, Well-loved of me, discerning
to fulfill”. Even in his old age, he is optimistic as he leads him to new world “It may be
we shall touch the Happy Isles.”
Likewise, in the “My last Duchess” by Robert Browning, the speaker shows
arrogance in the way he addresses people. There is some sense of aristocracy
manifested in this poem. This indicates how the people through social status have
authority and power to dictate. No one would quell or tame their arrogance, “Worked
busily a day, and there she stands. Will’t please you sit and look at her?” There is a
sense of male superiority that is exhibited in the poem.
The languages that the poets use are modern and do not incorporate or seem
influenced by the Shakespearian bells. It is a language that can be easily
understood. It is also devoid of drama and expressions as it is in the case of the
poems during the romantic era. Examples of verses that are extracted from the
poems include “Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will, To strive, to seek, to
find, and not to yield” and many others that convey a message clearly. Another
noticeable difference between the Romantic and Victorian poets is that the latter did
not base views from the poet’s opinions or experiences like the romantic poets, but
rather portrayed a scenario of “man in the world’. The narrators were people that
experienced the harshness and the happiness of the world. They were in the society
engaging in various issues such as battle leadership and explorations among many
others.
The poets also display human misery, something that was not manifest in the
Romantic era. The poems during this period touched on themes of sufferings such
as battles, murders, and other social injustices that were being experienced in the
society. They also used dramatic monologue to convey their message in addressing
the unknown audiences. A good example of the poem that adopted these styles was
Robert Browning’s ‘My Last Duchess”. Some of the verses which show these are:
“That’s my last Duchess painted on the wall, Looking as if she were alive. I call, That
piece a wonder, now: Fra Pandolf’s hand, Worked busily a day, and there she
stands, Will’t please you sit and look at her?” Furthermore, as passed to Romantic
era, most of the Victorian poems show skepticism of religion. The religious conviction
is withdrawn because of the Darwinian controversial theory of evolution. It is also
less dramatic compared to the Romantic period, as there is less deviations from the
social norms.
In conclusion, there are distinct differences in terms of poetry between the Romantic
and Victorian periods. Victorian era was more individualistic and emotional.
Aristocracy, male supremacy, battles, and roaming around the world characterized
the Victorian era. These are some of the differences exemplified in the discussions
above. Nevertheless, all the periods were very instrumental in developing poetry and
communicating various themes to the audience.