Problem statement

1. A study to assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme on knowledge

and attitude of antenatal mother regarding iron deficiency anemia at selected hospital
jodhpur.

Need of study:
 Anaemia in pregnancy affects about half of all pregnant women globally and
constitutes an important reproductive health issue.
 Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting the
pregnant women; the prevalence in developed countries is 14%, in developing
countries 51%, and in India, it varies from 65% to 75%.
Anemia is the second most common cause of maternal death in India and contributing
to about 80% of the maternal deaths caused by anemia.  Anemia is also an established
risk factor for intrauterine growth retardation, leading on to poor neonatal health and
perinatal death.
IDA during pregnancy can severely impair maternal and fetal outcomes. In the
mother, IDA is associated with reduced physical performance, increased fatigue level,
reduced cognitive performance, increased risk of infection and hospitalization, and
inhibited lactation. Also, pregnant women with anemia are at a greater risk of
perinatal mortality and morbidity.
 The aim of study to enhance the knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia among
antenatal mothers.

Objective of study:
1. To assess the knowledge and attitude of antenatal mothers about iron deficiency
anemia.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on iron deficiency
anemia.
3. To correlate the knowledge and attitude on iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy
with the demographic data of antenatal mothers.
 2. Problem statement:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and
attitude regarding prevention and management of high risk pregnancy among antenatal
mothers selected hospital at jodhpur.

Need of study:
 All pregnancies are at risk even though most of the pregnancies and cildbirth
worldwide are uneventful. Almost 15% of all the pregnant women can develop
potentially life-threatening complications which might require skilled care with some
requiring major intervention for survival.
 Complications can occur anytime during the course of the pregnancy and childbirth,
which in turn can affect the health and the overall survival of mother and the fetus.
There are five main reasons for death of pregnant women such as severe hemorrhage,
maternal infections, unsafe abortion, hypertension-related disorders of pregnancy such
as preeclampsia and eclampsia. .
 Hence, all the pregnancies need to be evaluated for high-risk pregnancy through
routine antenatal care provided by the health-care professionals.
 Identification of high-risk pregnancy, causes, and its complications through quality
antenatal care helps in achieving favorable maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcome.
 To enhance the knowledge regarding prevention and management of high risk
pregnancy among antenatal mothers.

Objective of study:
1. To assess the knowledge regarding prevention and management of high risk
pregnancy among antenatal mothers.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding
prevention and management of high risk pregnancy.
3. To correlate the knowledge regarding prevention and management of high risk
pregnancy with the demographical data.
 3. Problem statement:

A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge

regarding prevention of caesarian section wound infection among final year students
of selected b.sc nursing college at jodhpur

Need of study:
 Caesarean wound infection is a major cause of prolonged hospital stay, high
hospital bills as well as other morbidity and mortality.
 Infection of caesarean wound can lead to various complications such as wound
dehinsence, necrotitis fasciitis septicemia and shock.
 There is growing need for reducing for such health problems with the help of
knowledge giving and awareness giving sources like teaching programme.
 The aim of study to enhance the knowledge of final year bsc nursing student
regarding prevention of caesarean section wound infection.

Objective of study:
1. To assess the knowledge regarding prevention of caesarean section wound infection
among b.sc nursing students .
2. To conduct planned the teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of
caesarean section wound infection among bsc nursing student.
3. To evaluate the effectiveness of PTP by comparing the pre test and post test among
final year b.sc nursing student.
4. To determine the association between post test knowledge regarding prevention of
caesarean section wound infection with selected demographic variables.
4. Problem statement:
A study to assess the knowledge and attitude of third trimester antenatal mothers
regarding colostrum feeding in a selected community area at Bangalore with a view to
develop an information booklet.

Need of study:
 The first year of life is crucial in laying the foundation of good health. At this time
certain specific biological and psychological needs must be met to ensure the survival
and healthy development of the child into a future adult.
 Breastfeeding is the ideal method suited for the psychological and physiological needs
of the infant.
 During antenatal period, the mother and fetus all physically linked and the mother
feeds her baby completely through placenta.
 After birth breastfeeding creates an unique bond between the mother and her baby.
When the mother breastfeeds, she gives adequate warmth, affection and security as
well as food protection to her baby.5
 Yet, statistics from around the world reveal that colostrum is frequently discarded.
There is widespread lack of awareness of its qualities and its key role in contributing
to the health and growth of the newborn. Feeding water or other liquids instead of
colostrum deprives the child of a good start in life.
 The aim of study to enhance the knowledge regarding colostrums feeding among
primipara mother.
 The WHO Child Growth Standards show how all children should grow and babies fed
colostrum within the first hour measure up well against these standards.
 There are 170 million underweight children around the world, 3 million of whom die
each year as a result of being underweight. WHO recommends that all children be
exclusively breastfed for 6 months.
 Feeding colostrum in the first hour is the first step. It is imperative that every child
receives colostrum to get ahead in the race against malnutrition.6

Objectives of the study:

1.  To assess the level of knowledge of third trimester antenatal mothers regarding
colostrum feeding.
2.      To assess the attitude of third trimester antenatal mothers regarding colostrum
feeding.
3.      To find an correlation between knowledge and attitude regarding colostrum
feeding.
4.      To find an association between knowledge score with their selected
demographic variables.
5.      To find an association between attitude with their selected demographic
variables.
 5. Problem statement:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge
regarding gestational diabetes during pregnancy among primigravida mothers
attending A.N.C clinic at umaid hospital hospital.

Need of study:
 Diabetes is a major public health problem in India with prevalence rates
reported to be between 4.6% and 14% in urban areas, and 1.7% and 13.2% in
rural areas.
 India has an estimated 62 million people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM);
this number is expected to go up to 79.4 million by 2025.
 Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects up to 5% of all pregnancies in the
UK between 1% and 25% of pregnancies globally, and its incidence is
increasing .
 GDM is associated with an increased risk of adverse fetal, infant and maternal
pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, primary caesarean section,
excessive fetal growth (large for gestational age or macrosomia), shoulder
dystocia or birth injury, neonatal hypoglycaemia, and admission to neonatal
intensive care.
 It can be improved by interventions directed at reducing blood glucose during
pregnancy. These include self-monitoring of blood glucose, lifestyle changes
and the use of glucose lowering therapies such as metformin and insulin.
 The aim of study to enhance the knowledge of gestational diabetes during
pregnancy among primigravida mother.

Objective of study:
1. To assess the knowledge regarding gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on gestational
diabetes during pregnancy.
3. To correlate the knowledge regarding gestational diabetes during pregnancy with the
demographic data of antenatal mothers.
Need of study:
 Anaemia in pregnancy affects about half of all pregnant women globally and
constitutes an important reproductive health issue.
 Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting the
pregnant women; the prevalence in developed countries is 14%, in developing
countries 51%, and in India, it varies from 65% to 75%.
 Anemia is a common medical disorder in pregnancy which is accompanied with poor
maternal and perinatal outcome. It is one of the most important health problems
among women at the age range of 18-45 year in the world.
 Anemia during pregnancy is considered one of the main risk factors contributing 20-
40% of maternal deaths in direct or indirect way through preeclampsia, cardiac
failure, APH, PPH and puerperal sepsis; as well as to low birth weight which
contributes to increase of infant mortality in developing countries.
 During pregnancy, severe cases of pregnant women of iron deficiency have poor
outcome of neonates as low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity,
birth asphyxia and intrauterine death.
 Anemia in the third world affects 30% of population and IDA accounts for75% of all
types.
 It is a main cause of morbidity for women of reproductive age, but little is known
about knowledge and practice related to screening and management of this problem.
 The risk of IDA anemia increased with the gravidity decreased birth spacing,
gestational age, drinking tea and coffee after meals and decreased intake of proteins
and low level of knowledge and income.
 The aim of study is aimed at evaluating the knowledge and practices regarding
prevention of IDA among pregnant women attending selected hospital jodhpur.
 World Health Organization (WHO)/World Health Statistics data shows that 40.1% of
pregnant women worldwide were anemic in 2016.
 Among the various causes of anaemia in women, iron deficiency is the most common
cause, primarily due to their recurrent menstrual loss and secondary due to poor
supply of iron in the diet. During pregnancy anemia is common due to increased
demand of iron for the growing fetus and placenta; and increased red blood cell mass
(with expanded maternal blood volume in the third trimester), which is further
aggravated with other factors such as childbearing at an early age, repeated
pregnancies, short intervals between pregnancies and poor access to antenatal care
and supplementation. Indian Council of Medical Research considers haemoglobin
(Hb) level below 10.9 g/dl as cutoff point for anemia during pregnancy.
 Anemia is a severe public health problem affecting both developed and developing
countries with major consequences for human health as well as socioeconomic
development. It occurs at all stages of life but is more prevalent in pregnant women
and young children.
 It is estimated worldwide that 41.8% of pregnant and 30.2% of non-pregnant women
are anemic.[ The WHO has estimated that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant
women is 14% in developed and 51% in developing countries. It is painful to mention
that India contributes to about 80% of the maternal deaths due to anemia in South
Asia.
 Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder in the world affecting
2 billion people worldwide.[ Total iron demand in pregnancy is about 900 mg (with a
range of 700–1400 mg), of which about 500–600 mg is accounted by the uterus and
its contents. Around 150–200 mg are lost in the blood loss at delivery and a similar
amount is expended in lactation. Pregnant mothers do not give priority to health
because most of them are engaged in different works keeping them busy throughout
the day. Therefore, identification of the risk factors contributing to anemia in pregnant
mothers is vital for its prevention and control.
 India became the first developing country to take up the National Nutritional Anaemia
Control Programme to prevent anemia among pregnant women. The Government of
India recommends 100 mg of elemental iron 500 ug of folic acid for prophylactic
supplementation for minimum of 100 days starting in the second trimester and double
this dose for the treatment of anemia, that is, 200 mg of elemental iron 1000 ug of
folic acid. Despite these efforts, the prevalence of anemia is 65–75% in India.