Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Twilight Zone - Unlocking The Door To A Television Classic
The Twilight Zone - Unlocking The Door To A Television Classic
1 Electromec Oscilloscope
1 Transmitter Control #4042
1 GCA Quad Radar Indicator
2 Computer Test Sets
1 Neutron Monitor
3 rack panel cases
2 additional TV monitors
1 Dumont 392S Oscilloscope #2x49
1 Norelco Electronic Counter
LIVE STATIONS
Albany, N.Y. — WTEN-TV
Indianapolis, Ind. — WISH-TV
Albuquerque, N.M. — KGGM-TV
Jackson, Miss. — WJTV-TV
Amarillo, Texas — KFDA-TV
Jacksonville, Fla. — WJXT-TV
Atlanta, Ga. — WAGA-TV
Jefferson City, Mo. — KRCG-TV
Augusta, Ga. — WRDW-TV
Johnson City, Tenn. — WJHL-TV
Bakersfield, Cal. — KBAK-TV
Joplin, Mo. — KODE-TV
Baltimore, M.D. — WMAR-TV
Kalamazoo, Mich. — WKZO-TV
Bangor, M.E. — WABI-TV
Kansas City, Mo. — KCMO-TV
Binghamton, N.Y. — WNBF-TV
Kearney, Nebr. — KHOL-TV
Birmingham, Ala. — WBRC-TV
Klamath Falls, Ore. — KOTI-TV
Bismark, N.D. — KBMB-TV
Knoxville, Tenn. — WBIR-TV
Boise, Idaho — KBOI-TV
La Crosse, Wisc. — WKBT-TV
Boston, Mass. — WNAC-TV
Lafayette, La. — KLFY-TV
Buffalo, N.Y. — WBEN-TV
Lansing, Mich. — WJIM-TV
Cadillac, Mich. — WWTV
Las Vegas, Nev. — KLAS-TV
Cape Girardeau, Mo. — KFVS-TV
Lewiston, Idaho — KLEW-TV
Carthage "Watertown, N.Y. — WCNY-TV
Lincoln, Nebr. — KOLN-TV
Lexington, Kentucky — WKYT-TV
Cedar Rapids, Iowa — WMT-TV
Little Rock, Ark. — KTHV-TV
Champaign, Ill. — WCIA-TV
Los Angeles, Cal. — KNXT-TV
Charleston, S.C. — WCSC-TV
Louisville, Kentucky — WHAS-TV
Charleston-Huntington, W. Va. — WHTN-TV
Macon, Ga. — WMAZ-TV
Madison, Wisc. — WISC-TV
Charlotte, N.C. — WBTV
Marquette, Mich. — WDMJ-TV
Chattanooga, Tenn. — WDEF-TV
Mason City, Iowa — KGLO-TV
Chicago, Ill. — WBBM-TV
Medford, Ore. — KBES-TV
Cincinnati, Ohio — WKRC-TV
Memphis, Tenn. — WREC-TV
Cleveland, Ohio — WJW-TV
Miami, Florida — WTVJ-TV
Columbia, S.C. — WNOK-TV
Missoula, Mont. — KMSO-TV
Columbus, Ga. — WRBL-TV
Mobile, Ala. — WKRG-TV
Columbus, Miss. — WCBI-TV
New Orleans, La. — WWL-TV
Columbus, Ohio — WBNS-TV
New York, N.Y. — WCBS-TV
Corpus Christi, Tex. — KZTV-TV
Norfolk, Va. — WTAR-TV
Dallas, Texas — KRLD-TV
Oak Hill, W. Va. — WOAY-TV
Dayton, Ohio — WHIO-TV
Oklahoma City, Okla. — KWTV-TV
Denver, Colo. — KLZ-TV
Omaha, Nebr. — WOW-TV
Des Moines, Iowa — KRNT-TV
Orlando, Fla. — WDBO-TV
Detroit, Mich. — WJBK-TV
Pasco, Wash. — KEPR-TV
Ephrata, Wash. — KBAS-TV
Peoria, Ill. — WMBD-TV
Erie, Pa. — WSEE-TV
Philadelphia, Pa. — WCAU-TV
Eureka, Cal. — KIEM-TV
Phoenix, Ariz. — KOOL-TV
Evansville, Ind. — WEHT-TV
Pittsburgh, Pa. — KDKA-TV
Fresno, Cal. — KFRE-TV
Portland, Me. — WGAN-TV
Ft. Meyers, Fla. — WINK-TV
Portland, Ore. — KOIN-TV
Ft. Wayne, Ind. — WANE-TV
Providence, R.I. — WPRO-TV
Galveston — KGUL-TV
Houston, Tex. — KHQA-TV
Quincy, Ill. — WBAY-TV
Green Bay, Wisc. — WTVD-TV
Raleigh-Durham, N.C. — WFMY-TV
Greensboro, N.C. — WFMY-TV
Richmond, Va. — WRVA-TV
Harlingen, Tex. — KGBT-TV
Roanoke, Va. — WDBJ-TV
Harrisburg, Pa. — WHP-TV
Rochester, N.Y. — WVET-TV
Hartford, Conn. — WTIC-TV
Rock Island, Ill. — WHBF-TV
Hayes City, Nebr. — KHPL-TV
Sacramento, Cal. — KBET-TV
Salt Lake City, Utah — KSL-TV
Holyoke-Springfield," Mass. — WHYN-TV
Salisbury, Md. — WBOC-TV
Hutchinson-Wichita, Kan. — KTVH-TV
Saginaw, Mich. — WKNX-TV
San Antonio, Tex. — KENS-TV
San Diego, Cal. — KFMB-TV
Tampa, Fla. — WTVT-TV
San Francisco, Cal. — KPIX-TV
Savannah, Ga. — WTOC-TV
Shreveport, La. — KSLA-TV
Scranton, Pa. — WDAU-TV
Sioux City, Iowa — KVTV-TV
South Bend, Ind. — WSBT-TV
Spartanburg, W. Va. — WSPA-TV
Spokane, Wash. — KXLY-TV
St. Joseph, Mo. — KFEQ-TV
St. Louis, Mo. — KMOX-TV
Syracuse, N.Y. — WHEN-TV
Toledo, Ohio — WTOL-TV
Tucson, Ariz. — KOLD-TV
Tulsa, Okla. — KOTV-TV
Valley City, N.D. — KXJB-TV
Washington, D.C. — WTOP-TV
Yakima, Wash. — KIMA-TV
Youngstown, Ohio — WKBN-TV
Texarkana, Tex. — KCMC-TV
Terre-Haute, Ind. — WTHI-TV
Thomasville, Ga.-"Tallahassee, Fla. — WCTV
DELAYED STATIONS
Stations/Local Time/Delayed
Altoona, Pa — WFBG-TV 8:30 PM, Fri.; 0 day Baton Rouge, La — WAFB-TV 10:05
PM, Mon.; 10 days Beaumont, Tex — KFDA-TV 10:30 PM, Fri.; 7 days Big Spring,
Tex — KEDY-TV 10:30 PM, Thurs.; 6 days Billings, Mont — KOOK-TV 11:00 PM,
Tues.; 4 days Bryan, Tex — KBTX-TV 10:40 PM, Fri.; 7 days Carlsbad, N.M. —
KAVE-TV 8:30 PM, Sat.; 15 days Cheyenne, Wyo — KFBC-TV 10:15 pm., Tues.; 11
days Chico, Cal — KHSL-TV 11:00 PM, Fri.; 0 day Clarksburg, W. Va — WBOY-TV
10:00 PM, Sat.; 8 days Clovis, N.M. — KICA-TV 8:00 PM, Thurs.; 6 days Colorado
Springs, Colo — KKTV 9:00 PM, Sat.; 8 days Dickinson, N.D. — KDIX 10:00 PM,
Sun.; 16 days Dothan, Ala — WTVY 9:00 PM, Fri.; 21 days Duluth, Minn —
KDAL-TV 10:30 PM, Sat.; 1 day El Paso, Tex — KROD-TV 10:00 PM, Tues.; 11 days
Great Falls, Mont — KFBB-TV 11:00 PM, Tues.; 11 days Greenville, N.C. — WNCT
10:00 PM, Wed.; 5 days Hay Springs, Nebr — KDUH-TV 10:30 PM, Fri.; 0 day
Idaho Falls, Idaho — KID-TV 11:00 PM, Tues.; 4 days Lubbock, Tex — KDUB-TV
10:30 PM, Thurs.; 6 days Meridian, Miss — WTOK-TV 8:00 PM, Fri.; 28 days
Midland-Odessa, Tex — KOSA-TV 10:30 PM, Mon.; 3 days Milwaukee, Wisc —
WITI-TV 10:00 PM, Sun.; 2 days Minneapolis, Minn — WCCO 9:00 PM, Fri.; 0 days
Minot, N.D. — KEMC 10:30 PM, Sun.; 9 days Montgomery, Ala — WCOV-TV 9:30
PM, Wed.; 12 days Nashville, Tenn — WLAC-TV 10:15 PM, Sun.; 2 days
Parkesburg, W. Va — WTAP-TV 10:30 PM, Thurs.; 13 days Rapid City, S.D. —
KOTA-TV 10:30 PM, Fri.; 0 day Roswell, N.M. — KSWS-TV 10:00 PM, Wed.; 12
days San Angelo, Cal — KCTV 9:30 PM, Fri.; 0 day Scottsbluff, Nebr — KSTF-TV
10:15 PM, Tues.; 11 days Seattle-Tacoma, Wash — KIRO 10:30 PM, Tues.; 4 days
Springfield, Mo — KTTS-TV 10:00 PM, Wed.; 12 days Steubenville, Ohio —
WSTV-TV 8:00 PM, Wed.; 5 days Sweetwater-Abilene, Tex — KPAR-TV 9:00 PM,
Fri.; 7 days Topeka, Kans — WIBW-TV 9:30 PM, Wed.; 5 days Waco, Tex —
KWTX-TV 10:40 PM, Fri.; 7 days Wichita Falls, Tex — KSYD-TV 10:30 PM, Thurs.;
6 days
All of the above was for the network show of December 11, 1959.
For the network show of March 4, 1960, the same list above was in effect, with
the additional delayed stations:
Billings, Mont. — KOOK-TV 11:00 PM, Tues.; 4 days Butte, Mont. — KXLF-TV
11:00 PM, Tues.; 4 days Missoula, Mont. — KMSO-TV 10:00 PM, Thurs.; 19 days
Selected Bibliography
Resources
The CBS Inc. Television and Film Music Collection consists of music
manuscripts, logs, books, printed music, sound recordings and business papers
relating to documentaries, feature films, miniseries, television programs and
made-for-television movies. The productions fall under the CBS Television
Network, CBS Entertainment Division, CBS Productions Network, and, in a few
cases, earlier manifestations of these divisions. Included in the collection are
materials by composers such as Jeff Alexander, Bill Conti, Jerry Goldsmith,
Bernard Herrmann, Henry Mancini, Lyn Murray, Alex North, Fred Steiner,
Dimitri Tiomkin, Franz Waxman and John Williams. Productions represented
include TV series such as Gilligan’s Island, Gunsmoke, Have Gun – Will Travel,
Perry Mason, Rawhide, and The Twilight Zone. The music cues featured in this
book came from this source, and then polished with the help of Paul Giammarco,
Carson Cohen, Phil Sternenberg and Matt Vandermast.
The production costs originate from a complete set of books in my personal
collection, issued monthly from June 30, 1958 to May 31, 1964, from the office
of Freedman & Freedman of Beverly Hills, California. William Freedman was
Serling’s personal business manager and accountant, who worked closely with
Serling and the producers for Cayuga Productions to ensure accurate records
were kept. The production costs for many episodes varied month by month due
to the cost of film duplication, negatives, retakes and other factors. Few pages
were missing, but the inevitable gaps still remain. The author makes no claim
that the figures are final. He merely cites the source for the information.
The opening and closing narrations were taken direct from the actual films.
Spelling of words (including slang) was verified from the scripts and various
papers composed separately from the scripts. Punctuation may vary from one
episode to another — the scripts were also consulted. To the best of the author’s
ability, the narratives are as complete and accurate according to these sources.
Casting call sheets reveal the actors and actresses who appeared before the
camera. The proper spelling of many actors varied from one television
production to another. In some cases, actors are listed in reference guides under
assumed names. The casting call sheets occasionally listed the actor twice under
two different spellings. (Bill or William? McCoog or MacCoog?) Attempts have
been made to verify the accurate spelling, keeping in mind that regardless of the
source, some actors went by two different names so what appears to be a
misspelling may not necessarily be.
The proper spelling of fictional characters was verified by the scripts in the
author’s personal collection, and by scripts housed in the homes of private
collectors for secondary verification. Finals shooting drafts were consulted, since
names of characters often changed between drafts. Whenever a script was
unavailable, a relative of the scriptwriter was consulted to ensure the proper
spelling.
Periodicals
Numerous periodicals are cited as source material throughout the book.
Reprinted below are periodicals that were consulted for reference, but not cited
within the pages, and were recommended by my good friend Matthew R.
Bradley.
American Cinematographer (June 1988), “ ‘Walking Distance’ From The
Twilight Zone”
Filmfax #42 (Dec. 1993/Jan. 1994), “And in the Beginning Was the
Word…: An Interview with Screenwriter Richard Matheson”
Filmfax #48 (Jan./Feb. 1995; discusses Nolan’s unproduced Twilight Zone
script), “Nolan’s Run: The Screenwriting Career of Logan’s Papa”
(Interview)
Filmfax #75-76 (Oct. 1999/Jan. 2000), “Enter The Twilight Zone with
Richard Matheson” (Interview)
Filmfax #75-76 (Oct. 1999/Jan. 2000), “Richard Matheson’s The Twilight
Zone Scripts” (Review)
Filmfax #75-76 (Oct. 1999/Jan. 2000), “Sohl Man: An Interview with Jerry
Sohl”
Filmfax #75-76 (Oct. 1999/Jan. 2000), #77 (Feb./Mar. 2000), and #78
(April/May 2000), “The Third Gremlin: An Interview with George Clayton
Johnson”
Filmfax #78 (April/May 2000), “Altair Ego: An Out-of-This-World
Interview with Anne Francis”
Filmfax #101 (Jan./Mar. 2004), “Filet of Sohl: The Classic Scripts and
Stories of Jerry Sohl”(Review)
New York Review of Science Fiction, The #160 (December 2001)
Outré Vol. 1 #3 (Summer 1995), “Rod Serling: A Portrait in Twilight” (by
William F. Nolan)
Outré Vol. 1 #4 (Fall 1995), “The Illustrative Man: An Interview with SF
Legend Ray Bradbury”
Outré Vol. 1 #5 (Winter 1996), “Richard Matheson, Profile in Friendship:
The Incredible Thinking Man”
Twilight Zone Magazine, The (a total 58 issues were consulted, dated 1981
to 1989)
Books
After observing a few errors in books concerning The Twilight Zone, and
finding the same errors recurring in later publications, the author decided not to
consult any previously published books on the subject. Rather, the author relied
on information provided only through archival material, correspondence,
interoffice memos, telegrams, tax forms, corporation paperwork, and other first
generation sources he considered reliable. Many of these items were purchased
by the author on eBay. Other materials are preserved in the hands of private
collectors, who allowed the author access to their private archives. Some
previously published books have been mentioned within these pages and were
done so solely for the purpose of correcting the errors that continue to be
reprinted. Books that were consulted and used as reference for this publication
include:
Billips, Connie and Arthur Pierce. Lux Presents Hollywood: A Show-by-
Show History of the Lux Radio Theatre and the Lux Video Theatre, 1934-
1957. Jefferson, North Carolina, McFarland & Company, Inc., 1995.
Conklin, Groff. The Classic Book of Science Fiction. New York: Bonanza
Books, 1982.
Cox, Jim. Radio Speakers: Narrators, News Junkies, Sports Jockeys,
Tattletales, Tipsters, Toastmasters and Coffee Klatch Couples… Jefferson,
North Carolina, McFarland & Company, Inc., 2007.
Dunning, John. On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. New
York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Grams Jr., Martin. Alfred Hitchcock Presents Companion, The. Churchville,
Maryland: OTR Publishing, 2002.
Grams Jr., Martin. Radio Drama: American Programs, 1932-1962.
Jefferson, North Carolina, McFarland & Company, Inc., 2000.
Matheson, Richard. Shock III. New York: Dell, 1966.
Matheson, Richard. The Shores of Space. New York: Bantam Books, 1957.
O’Neil, Thomas. The Emmys: Star Wars, Showdowns, and the Supreme
Test of TV’s Best. New York: Penguin Books, 1992.
Pohl, Frederik. Star of Stars. New York: Ballantine Books, 1960.
Weaver, Tom. Eye on Science Fiction. Jefferson, North Carolina,
McFarland & Company, Inc., 2003.
Interviews
The author conducted a large number of interviews with the cast and crew
over a 10-year period. These were accomplished in person at celebrity
conventions across the country and recorded to ensure the actors were quoted
precisely. Other interviews were conducted through personal visits to their
homes, exchanges by e-mail, postal mail, and phone calls. To reprint all of the
interviews in their complete form would have taken an entire book by itself,
perhaps two volumes. The author chose to reprint only selected passages from
those interviews — brief quotes that would help give the reader further insight
into the subject at hand, without reprinting quotations that might otherwise be
repetitive. It is the author’s intention that one day, all of the interviews may be
collected into a single volume or donated to a website dedicated to The Twilight
Zone, for appreciative fans to enjoy.
About The Author
Dubbed as the “young Isaac Asimov” by Ivan Shreve of Thrilling Days of
Yesteryear, MARTIN GRAMS JR. authored or co-authored over a dozen books about
radio and television. He wrote a number of magazine articles for Filmfax, Scarlet
Street, the Old-Time Radio Digest and SPERDVAC’s Radiogram. He
contributed chapters, essays, short stories and appendices for various books
including Ken Mogg’s The Alfred Hitchcock Story (1999), Bear Manor Media’s
It’s That Time Again (all three volumes, 2002-2005), Midnight Marquee’s
Vincent Price (1998), Arthur Anderson’s Let’s Pretend (2004), and Ben
Ohmart’s Yabba Dabba Doo! The Alan Reed Story (2009).
Martin is the recipient of the 1999 Ray Stanich Award, the 2005 Parley E.
Baer Award and the 2005 Stone/Waterman Award. His name appears in the
acknowledgments of over 100 books about radio and television. Author/historian
Jack French dedicated his 2004 book, Private Eyelashes, to Martin among a list
of other historians and researchers. A consultant for two publishing companies,
he has plans to continue writing books for a number of years. Since 2006, he has
been the Events Coordinator for the Mid-Atlantic Nostalgia Convention held
annually every September in Maryland. He presently lives in Delta,
Pennsylvania, with his wife and three cats.
ALSO BY MARTIN GRAMS JR.
The History of the Cavalcade of America (1999, Morris Publishing) The CBS
Radio Mystery Theater: An Episode Guide and Handbook (1999, McFarland
Publishing) The Have Gun – Will Travel Companion (2000, OTR Publishing,
LLC) The Alfred Hitchcock Presents Companion (2001, OTR Publishing, LLC)
The Sound of Detection: Ellery Queen’s Adventures in Radio (2002, OTR
Publishing, LLC) Inner Sanctum Mysteries: Behind the Creaking Door (2002,
OTR Publishing, LLC) The I Love A Mystery Companion (2003, OTR
Publishing, LLC) Information Please (2003, Bear Manor Media) Gang Busters:
The Crime Fighters of American Broadcasting (2004, OTR Publishing, LLC)
The Railroad Hour (2006, Bear Manor Media) The Radio Adventures of Sam
Spade (2007, OTR Publishing, LLC) I Led Three Lives: The True Story of
Herbert A. Philbrick’s Television Program (2007, Bear Manor Media) Car 54,
Where Are You? (2009, Bear Manor Media)