Team Sports: Volleyball: Objectives
Team Sports: Volleyball: Objectives
Objectives
At the end of this module you are expected to:
1. observe the training principles when learning/participating in volleyball;
2. execute the basic techniques and tactics proficiently through volleyball game
play; and
3. Apply knowledge of the rules of volleyball.
Discussion
Volleyball is a sport that involves a number of distinct conditioning
considerations. Any healthy person can participate in a game of volleyball. It is
generally safe, being a sport played in a regimented fashion with a limited number of
contacts permitted with the ball when delivered across the net, with no physical
contact permitted between the participants. It is not necessarily physically
demanding in terms of exertion, as there are significant rest intervals between each
point scored in a game.
In volleyball, the athlete must develop a wide range of physical skills. Players should
be agile, possessed of explosive leaping ability, a superior vertical jump, and
balance. Volleyball players invariably possess outstanding reaction time and hand-
eye coordination.
The techniques involved in successful volleyball play are built on repetitive drills and
the simulation of various game situations to hone a combination of physical and
mental skills. The distinct skills of bumping, blocking, setting, spiking, digging, and
receiving the ball are those practiced at every volleyball training session.
Semi-straddle
Straddle
Butterfly
Behind-Neck Stretch
B. Serving practice
Arm Toss
Right-handed players stand with left foot slightly ahead of right foot. Hold ball in
left hand and extend the arm straight out from body at a 90-degree angle. (Left-
handed players will be exactly opposite.)
With a firm wrist, arm toss the ball 18 inches high but let it fall to the ground. The
ball should fall to the spot on the floor just inside of the lead foot and in line with the
hitting shoulder.
The toss is crucial to a successful serve because an improperly tossed ball will
cause a poor arm angle resulting in a bad serve. Remember when serving: on a bad
toss you should let the ball fall to the ground and then attempt again.
Target Practice
On the other side of the net set up six main targets at the front right, left and
middle positions--as well as the back left, right and middle positions. Coach then
chooses target to aim for and server tries to hit the target on the serve.
The team can be divided in half and this can be turned into a competition with
points awarded to how many serves strike the chosen target area.
Make sure to keep wrist firm throughout the serve. Contact with heel of hand
through the middle back of the ball. The contact should sound like a "thud" not a
"slap" sound. Hand follows ball to target. Finish with hand along side or within
bodyline.
Amoeba
This drill has a time limit, so it introduces pressure—not only for serving, but for
hitting a target so accurately that another player can catch it from a seated position.
This loud, highly active drill begins with one player sitting in zone six on the
court, cross-legged and immobile. The rest of the team gathers on the other side at
the end line with balls ready to serve. When the whistle blows, everyone serves at
once. If the seated player catches your ball, you run over and sit cross-legged next
to him or her. As more players serve balls that seated players catch, an "amoeba-
like" pattern forms on the floor. The player serving often grows stressed and feels
pressure. The other players cheer loudly and and rally the server on. Once all
players are seated cross-legged on the other side of the net within the time limit, they
are rewarded with a game like "Queen of the Court" or scrimmage for the rest of
practice.
C. Spiking practice
Wall Spikes Drill
At the beginning, a player who wants to practice wall-spikes drill has to stand
about 10 feet the wall. A player has to hold a ball in one of his hands. It is better for a
player to hold a ball in his/her non-dominant hand. A player has to keep his/her hand
with a ball straight and then raise it up to head-height level. At the same time it is
necessary to lift and draw back another hand. Its elbow has to be bent, so the
opposite hand will be on the level of shoulders. Now, a player has to complete the hit
with the dominant hand. The ball will bounce off the floor, hit the wall and return back
to the player. The task of a player is to track the ball and hit it again. As a result, the
drill will be continued. If a player can’t receive or return the ball the volleyball drill is
finished. A player has to practice the wall spikes drill for about 5 minutes. Afterwards,
a player has to change hands. So, the drill is performed with another hand.
D. Blocking practice
Block jump to ball drill is done by two players. A blocker and the second player
should stand near the net on different sides of the net. The player should hold the
ball. So, the task of a blocker is to do a block jump up to a ball.
A player holding the ball can stand on a chair at the beginning. When a blocker gets
used to the drill it makes sense to make it more difficult. Before the blocker jumps up
and touches the ball a player can also move the ball. As a result, the blocker will be
confused.
It is worth noting that performing block jump to ball drill delivers multiple
important benefits. At first, this drill helps a blocker master a successful blocking
technique. At second, block jump to ball drill provides a player with the perfect
opportunity to learn how to position hands properly.
Blind blocking drill is performed by three players. Blocker and attacker are
located in front of each other. They stand near the net on different parts of the
playing court. The third player stands behind the blocker. The third player passes the
ball to an attacker. The attacker has to complete an attack hit. The task of a blocker
is to block the attack.
Coaches typically recommend this volleyball drill to defensive players. Mastering
blind blocking drill will certainly help a blocker understand the attackers of the
opposite team much better and practice a jump block approach. Moreover, this drill
will help a blocker select the right position on the playing court.
Three players are involved in this volleyball drill. Two players should stand on the
boxes and hold the balls in their hands over the net. The task of a blocker is to move
from side-to-side quickly, jump up and block the balls. Doing this volleyball drill on a
regular basis will definitely help a blocker get into the blocking position during the
game quickly. As a result, blockers will be able to stop the attacks of the opposite
team successfully.
2. Hut/Go: This is a set that is to the outside hitter with a high arc, intended to land
just inside of the antenna. This can also be called a (4) set.
3. Front/Back Slide: This is a quick set that is shot out horizontally either in front of,
or behind, the setter. It is pushed out a little wider than a quick one. It can also
be calleda (3) set.
4. Two (2) Set: This set is directly in front of the setter up high. Can also be set
behind the setter as a back two.
5. Red: This set is set high and behind the setter for the right side hitter and should
be pushed to the right antenna. Can also be called a (5) set.
6. Back row attack: When somebody from the back row attacks the ball. They must
jump from behind the ten:foot line. There are 3 different back row attacks.
10. X Series: There are many different combinations of this play. The traditional X is
when the middle hitter comes in for a quick 1 and the outside hitter comes in for
a 2. The setter can set either hitter he wants to.
11. Spread Offense: This is when the offense is attacking from the sidelines, either a
4,5, A, or D set.
12. Double Quick: When two of the attack options are quick sets.
13. High Ball: A set to the left front zone:generally used off a bad pass because that
is the easiest spot to set the ball.
14. Tab6-0 Offense: When there are two setters on the court at the same time, the
one in the back row sets.
15. 6-2 Offense: When there are two setters on the court at the same time, the one
in the front row sets.
16. 16.5-1 Offense: When there is only one setter on the court, they are the only one
who sets.
17. Tool: When an attacker hits the ball off an opposing blockers arms out of
bounds.
18. Six-Pack: When an attacker hits the ball off of the face of an opposing player.
19. Overpass: When a player passes the ball over the net on either the first or
second contact, generally done by accident.
20. Freeball: When the ball is easily passed over the net because a proper attack
could not be made due to a bad set or pass.
21. Downball: When the ball is hit over the net by a player who does not jump to
attack it.
Rotational Defense
As the name suggests, players rotate into their "read" position based on how the
play is developing. For instance, if the opponent sets to its outside hitter, the middle
front and right-side front players block. The outside blocker stays home and covers
the rest of the front court. The right back defender edges up behind the blockers to
pick up balls tipped over them. The left back is responsible for the deep angle ball.
The middle back rotates to the same sideline where the ball was set. The rotation
changes if the opponent sets to its right-side hitter or the middle hitter.
Perimeter Defense
In the perimeter defense, players start in the same base position as in rotational
defense. But as the play unfolds, there is less movement into the "read" positions.
This is a good defense to dig out hard-driven balls. It is more vulnerable to tips,
relying on players to take away those plays with their athletic ability. As such, it is
more popular with men's teams with more size and range.
IV.Rules of Volleyball
A. Basic Rules
Variations of the game volleyball have been in circulation since around 1895.
The game has evolved since then and it was in 1964 where the sport entered its first
Olympic games. The sport now has a global following with nations from around the
world professionally competing. The pinnacle of the sport comes in the Olympic
Games were the best players are often on show.
The object of volleyball is to hit the volleyball over the net (by only using your
hands) running through the centre of the court whilst trying to get it to bounce in your
opponents half. The opposing team have to try and prevent the ball from bouncing
before returning the ball. Games are played out in best of 3 or 5 sets and the team
with most sets at the end of the game wins.
Volleyball Court
The FIVB requires that the volleyball court surface must be a symmetrical
rectangle, with dimensions of 18 meters (or 59 feet) long by 9 meters (or 29.5 feet)
wide. Each side of the court measures 9 meters by 9 meters square.
Each team has 6 players on a court at any one time. Substitutes can be used
throughout the game. There are no professional mixed sex teams. Each player takes
up a position in either the attacking zone (next to the net) or the defensive zone (at
the back of the court). Three players are in each zone and rotate in a clockwise
position after every point.
The court is of a rectangular shape and measures 18m x 9m. Running across
the court is a 2.43m high net with the ball measuring 8 inches in diameter and
weighing between 9 and 10 ounces. Around the outlines of the court is an out of
bounds area and if the ball were to bounce in these sections then a point would be
awarded to the opposing team.
Each team gets up to two timeouts per set of 30 seconds each. After each set
the amount of timeouts resets back to two regardless of how many have been used
previously.
Scoring
To score a point the ball must hit the ground within the outlined section in your
opponents half. You can also score a point by your opponent failing to hit the
outlined section within your half or your opponent hitting the ball into the net. A point
can be scored off either teams serve.
A player serving must do so from behind the base line and can use either an
over or underarm action and hit with only the hand. Once the serve has been made
the sever can join their team in-play and battle out the point.
Each team is allowed to hit the ball three times before the ball must be returned. A
player is not allowed to hit the ball twice in succession. If the ball hits the boundary
line then the ball is deemed to be in-play. The defensive team can jump and try to
block the ball returning to their side of the court. If a block attempt is made and the
ball bounces in their opponents half then a point is awarded. If after the block the ball
bounces out then a point is awarded to the opposing team.
Each game is played to 25 points and must be two points clear. If the scores reach
24-24 then the game is played until one team leads by two.
To win the game you must score more points than your opponents. The best of 3 or
5 sets are generally played and the winners will be the first team to reach the
required number of sets.
Rules of Volleyball
Key points/Summary
1. In volleyball, the athlete must develop a wide range of physical skills.
Principles of training should be applied in the training.
2. Players should be agile, possessed of explosive leaping ability, a superior
vertical jump, and balance.
3. Volleyball players invariably possess outstanding reaction time and hand-eye
coordination.
4. The techniques involved in successful volleyball play are built on repetitive
drills and the simulation of various game situations to hone a combination of
physical and mental skills.
5. The distinct skills of bumping, blocking, setting, spiking, digging, and
receiving the ball are those practiced at every volleyball training session.
6. Each team consist of 6 players and 6 substitutes. Players can be substituted
at any time but if they are to return can only be swapped for the player that
replaced them.
7. Each team can hit the ball up to three times before the ball must be returned.
The defensive team can then try and block or return the ball again hitting it a
maximum of three times.
8. Games are played up to 25 points and must be won by 2 clear points.
Assessment
Name: Course, Year and Section:
Part I. Execute warm-up (5), cool-down (5) and physical fitness conditioning
exercises (5) for volleyball. Use videos or pictures in presenting your
performance(e.g. video, pictures, ICT, MS word, and/or ppt). 50 points
Part II. Execute the basic techniques (passing, serving, spiking, blocking) in
volleyball. Use videos or pictures in presenting your performance (e.g. video,
pictures, ICT, MS word, and/or ppt). 50 points
Part III. Submit a presentation (e.g. video, pictures, ICT, MS word, and/or ppt) on
strategies/ tactics for volleyball (1 offensive strategies/ tactic, 1 defensive strategies/
tactic). 50 points
Part III. Discuss briefly the basic rules and execute the hand signals in refereeing
volleyballl (own video/ picture). Use videos or pictures in presenting your
performance (e.g. video, pictures, ICT, MS word, and/or ppt). 50 points
Rubric for Presentation (Warm-up/Technique/ Strategy/Tactic/Hand Signal)
Criteria Exceeds Fully Meets Meets Expectations Not Yet Within
Expectations Expectations (minimal level) Expectations
10 8 6 4
Content Develops an Develops an Develops an Develops an
exercise/drill exercise/drill exercise/drill exercise/drill sequence
sequence that is sequence that is sequence that is that is incomplete and
logical, complete somewhat logical, incomplete and displays very little effort
and displays lots of complete and displays little effort and practice.
effort and practice. displays effort and and practice.
practice.
Books
1.Barth, K., & Heuchert, R. (2006). Learning Volleyball. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.
2.Education, C. (2011). Coaching volleyball technical and tactical skills. Human
Kinetics.
3.Papageorgiou, A., & Spitzley, W. (2003). Handbook for competitive volleyball.
Meyer & Meyer Verlag.