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Pathology MCQ - Cellular Injury and Adaptation
Pathology MCQ - Cellular Injury and Adaptation
2. Metaplasia
a. Is irreversible
b. Is commonly a change from squamous to columnar epithelium
c. An example is the transformation of epithelial cells into chondroblasts
d. Retinoids may play a role
e. Even if the stimuli is persistent it is a benign lesion
3. In apoptosis
a. It involves physiologic and pathologic stimuli
b. Histologically, it involves coagulation necrosis
c. Its DNA breakdown is random and diffuse
d. Its mechanism involves ATP depletion
e. It involves an inflammatory tissue reaction
4. Hyperplasia
a. Occurs after partial hepatectomy
b. Refers to an increase in the size of the cells
c. Is always pathological
d. Often occurs in cardiac and skeletal muscle
e. Usually progresses to cancerous proliferation
5. Metastatic calcification
a. Causes widespread tissue damage
b. Occurs with normal calcium levels
c. Can be caused by systemic sarcoidosis
d. Occurs in hypothyroidism
e. Is caused by drinking large quantities of milk
7. Coagulative necrosis
a. Results from necrosis in which cellular enzymatic digestion predominates over
denaturation
b. Is characterized by marked WBC infiltrate
c. Is uncommon after mi
d. Usually occurs after irreversible ischaemic cellular damage
e. Is not usually seen in association with caseating necrosis
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8. Metaplasia is seen in all of the following except
a. Respiratory epithelium of smokers
b. Vitamin a excess
c. Barrett’s oesophagitis
d. Epithelium of a pancreatic duct containing stones
e. Foci of cell injury
10. Apoptosis
a. Is usually stimulated by hypoxia
b. Produces a moderate degree of inflammation
c. Features chromatin aggregates
d. Is the underlying process in caseous necrosis
e. Is stimulated by decreased cytosolic calcium
13. Metaplasia
a. Is an increase in the number and size of cells in a tissue
b. Is the process that occurs in Barrett’s oesophagitis
c. Is typically an irreversible process
d. In the respiratory tract preserves mucous secretion
e. Can be caused by Vit B12 deficiency
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15. Which is correct
a. Metaplasia is irreversible
b. Fibronectin is produced by dying cells and may result in pigmentation
c. Reversibly injured cells are frequently shrunken and pyknotic
d. Lipofuscin is a yellow-brown pigment seen typically after surgical procedures
e. Metastatic calcification refers to deposition of calcium within normal tissues
16. Metaplasia
a. Involves an adaptive response of individual cells
b. In Barrett’s oesophagitis, involves a change from columnar to squamous cells
c. Involves a neoplastic transformation of stem cells
d. Vit A deficiency suppresses respiratory epithelial keratinisation
e. Is reversible
20. Hypertrophy
a. Occurs after partial hepatectomy
b. Is triggered by mechanical and trophic chemicals
c. Increases function of an organ exponentially
d. Is usually pathological
e. Occurs after denervation
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22. All of the following are morphological features of apoptosis except
a. Cell swelling
b. Chromatin condensation
c. Lack of inflammation
d. Phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies
e. Formation of cytoplasmic blebs
25. Metaplasia is
a. Reversible change from one cell type to another
b. Irreversible change from one cell type to another
c. Reduced function of cell
d. Increase in the number of cells
e. Increase in the size and function of cells
26. In necrosis
a. The nuclear changes are due to non-specific breakdown of DNA
b. Karyolysis and pyknosis are the only 2 types of nuclear changes
c. In caseous necrosis the basic outline of the cells is preserved
d. There is a decreased eosinophilia in the necrotic cells
e. Liquefaction necrosis is characteristic of hypoxic injury
27. Dysplasia
a. Is a feature of mesenchymal cells
b. Inevitably progresses to cancer
c. Is characterized by cellular pleomorphism
d. Is not associated with tissue architectural abnormalities
e. Is the same as carcinoma in situ
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29. Which of the following is an example of hypertrophy
a. Increase in liver size after a partial hepatectomy
b. Increase in the size of the female breast
c. Increase respiratory epithelium in response to Vit A deficiency
d. Increase in size of the female uterus in pregnancy
Answers
1. D 12. D 23. D
2. D 13. B 24. D
3. A 14. B 25. A
4. A 15. E 26. A
5. C 16. E 27. C
6. C 17. B 28. D
7. D 18. B 29. D
8. B 19. B+G 30. D
9. C 20. B 31. –
10. C 21. B 32. B
11. D 22. A