Mathematics: Quarter 2 - Module 2: Greatest Common Factor

4
Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Greatest Common
Factor
CO_Q2_Mathematics4_Module2
Mathematics – Grade 4
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Greatest Common Factor
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module

Writer: Michael L. Delgado
Editor: Elena D. Hubilla
Language Editors: Josephine Recebido, Sonia F. Aninipot
Reviewers: Annavi M. Maravilla, Antonio M. Herrera, Jr., Rhoderick A. Aninipot
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Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Region V
Office Address: Regional Center Site, Rawis, Legazpi City 4500

Telefax: 0917-178-1288
E-mail Address: [email protected]
4
Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 2:
Greatest Common
Factor
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our
dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home.
Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall
guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson
prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on
lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on
completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or
your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson.
At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity
and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the
Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for
strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary
marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in
answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty
in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
There are times that we encounter questions such as: Do we

need to divide things into smaller groups? How many people are
we going to invite in our birthday party? Are we trying to arrange
something in rows or groups? These are instances when we need
Greatest Common Factor (GCF).
Greatest Common Factor can be used in different
applications in Mathematics. In this module, you will perform
exercises that will help you understand GCF.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. write a given number as a product of its prime factors;
2. find the common factors and the greatest common factor
(GCF) of two numbers using the following methods: listing,
prime factorization, and continuous division; and
3. solve real-life problems involving GCF of 2 given numbers.
Finding the Common Factors and the

Greatest Common Factor of Two
1 Numbers
What I Know
Let us try to see what you know about Greatest Common

Factor (GCF).
Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF).
1. 2 and 4 6. 6 and 12
2. 3 and 6 7. 8 and 16
3. 4 and 8 8. 12 and 15
4. 6 and 9 9. 9 and 18
5. 10 and 15 10. 14 and 21
1 CO_Q2_Mathematics4_Module2
If you are done answering the activity, please
go to the Answer Key on page 19 and check
if your answers are correct.
Thank you for your honesty in answering
and checking your work. Hope 1 you will do this
until the end of this module.
What’s In
Let us review first some of the concepts that can help you
understand Greatest Common Factor (GCF).
A. Write each number as a product of its two factors.

1. 32 = ____________ 4. 63 = ____________
2. 48 = ____________ 5. 78 = ____________
3. 70 = ____________

and checking your work.
Notes to the Teacher

The activities may be supplemented and enhanced
with some contextualized problems that will get the
interest of the learners to perform well in finding the
common factors and GCF of two numbers.
What’s New
Let us start learning the new concept with the help of this
story problem.
Read the story problem.
Nancy has 8 red and 12 pink

gumamela flowers that will be given to
her teachers. She will put them in
vases with equal number of red and
pink flowers. What is the greatest
possible number of vases will she use?
What is asked in the problem?

• The greatest number of vases that Nancy will use.
What are the given facts that can help you solve the problem?
• 8 red gumamela flowers, 12 pink gumamela flowers
What can you say about Nancy? What kind of person is she?
• Nancy is grateful to have her teachers. She is
thoughtful.
Try to answer the problem. Have patience and have fun!
We will find out on the next part of this module whether you
answered the problem properly and correctly.
What is It
This problem is about finding the greatest common factor

because it requires us to find the greatest quantity of equal groups
that we can make with the red and pink flowers.
Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is the biggest factor or
number common to the given numbers.
You can find the answer to the given problem using different
methods.
Study the solutions below.
Method 1. Listing Method
List the factors of 8 and 12.

Factors of 8 Factors of 12
1x8 1 x 12
2x4 2x6
3x4
Arrange the factors from the smallest to biggest.
Factors of 8: 1 , 2 , 4 and 8
Factors of 12: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 and 12
Find the common factor/s of 8 and 12.
Factors of 8: 1 , 2 , 4 and 8
Factors of 12: 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 and 12
Common Factors: 1 , 2, and 4
Get the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of 8 and 12.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF): 4
In the next 2 ways of finding the greatest common factor of

two numbers, it is important for you to know how to write a
number as a product of its prime factors.
When a composite number is written as a product of all of its

prime factors, we have the Prime Factorization of the number.
For example, the number 16 can be written as a product of

its prime factors as: 16 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2.
Examine how we arrived at the given prime factors using 2 ways.
Factor Tree Continuous Division

16 2 16
2 8
2 x 8 2 4
2 2
2 x 4 1
2 x 2 In Continuous Division, we
need to divide number by its
A factor tree is a diagram used prime factor and continue
to determine the prime factors dividing until we reach the
of a number. quotient 1.
The number 16 can be written The number 16 can be written

in prime factorization as 2 x 2 x in prime factorization as 2 x 2 x
2 x 2. All of the factors are 2 x 2. All of the factors are
prime numbers. prime numbers.
The expression "2 x 2 x 2 x 2" is said to be the Prime

Factorization of 16.
Let us now solve the problem in What’s New using Prime

Factorization.
Method 2. Prime Factorization
Write each number as a product of its prime factors using

factor tree method.
8 12
2 x 4 2 x 6
2 x 2 2 x 3
List down the prime factors of 8 and 12.
8=2x2x2
12 = 2 x 2 x 3
Multiply the common prime factors of 8 and 12 to get the GCF.
8=2x2x2
12 = 2 x 2 x 3
2x2=4
Method 3. Continuous Division
Continuous division is done following the steps below.
1. Write the given numbers horizontally and find a prime

number that will divide all the given numbers without a
remainder, if possible.
2. Divide the given numbers by that prime number and write
the quotients below the dividends.
3. Continue the process until all the quotients have no more
common prime divisor.
28 12
x
24 6
2 3
4. Multiply all the prime divisors common to the given numbers

to get the GCF.
2x2=4

Therefore, 4 is the greatest possible number of vases that
Nancy can use.
What’s More
Let us see if you already know how to find the Greatest

Common Factor (GCF) of a given pair of numbers.
Activity 1. Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) by completing
the needed data.
1. 6 : 1, __, 3, 6
12 : 1, 2, 3, 4, __, 12
Common Factors :___________________
GCF :______
2. 9 : 1, __, 9
12 : 1, 2, 3, 4, __, 12
Common Factors :___________________
GCF :______
3. 10 : 1, 2, 5, __
15 : 1, 3, __, 15
Common Factors :___________________
GCF :______
4. 20 : 1, 2, 4, 5, __, 20
40 : 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, __, 40
Common Factors :___________________
GCF :______
5. 21 : 1, 3, 7, __
35 : 1, 2, 5, __, 15, 30
Common Factors :___________________
GCF :______
Activity 2.
A. Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of each pair of numbers
using Prime Factorization (Factor Tree Method).
1. 12 and 20 2. 10 and 30
2 10 5 3
2 5 2
GCF:___ GCF:___
3. 12 and 8 4. 15 and 25
2 4 5 5
GCF:___
2 2
GCF:___
5. 6 and 9
2 3
GCF:___
Activity 3. Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of each pair

of numbers using Continuous Division.
1. 7 21 and 28 4. 11 22 and 11
3 4 2 1
GCF : ____ GCF : ____
2. 7 21 and 35 5. 3 15 and 45
3 5 5 5 15
GCF : ____ 1 3
GCF : ____
3. 2 12 and 24
2 6 12
3 3 6
1 2
GCF : ____

What I Have Learned
You are doing great!

Just always remember:
1. Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is the biggest factor
common to the given numbers.
2. We can find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of 2
numbers by listing method, prime factorization and
continuous division.
What I Can Do
Let us see if you are now ready to solve this problem.
Read and understand the problem, then answer the

questions that follow.
Andrew and his younger

sister Cassandra went to the
nearby river to catch fish.
Andrew caught 8 fish while
Cassandra caught 4 fish. Each
of them will share the fish to
their cousins. What is the
greatest number of fish each of
their cousins get if they will give
the same number of fish?
1. What is asked in the problem?
2. What are the given facts that can help you solve the problem?
3. What is the GCF of 8 and 4?
4. What can you say about Andrew and Cassandra? What kind
of children are they?
Assessment
You are now ready for the next activity.

Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of the given pair of
numbers using any of the following methods: listing, prime
factorization, and continuous division.
1. 16 and 24 6. 10 and 50
2. 10 and 30 7. 25 and 75
3. 14 and 28 8. 12 and 48
4. 20 and 40 9. 18 and 72
5. 9 and 18 10. 50 and 100

go to the Answer Key on page 20 and check if
your answers are correct.
and checking your work. Congratulations!
Additional Activities
Let us try some more.

Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of the given pair of
numbers using any of the following methods: listing, prime
factorization, and continuous division.
1. 8 and 16 4. 12 and 16
2. 9 and 18 5. 14 and 35
3. 8 and 20

Solving Word Problems Involving
2 Greatest Common Factor
What I Know
Let us see what you know about Greatest Common Factor

(GCF).
Read each problem and answer the questions that follow.
1. Carlo has 14 apples and Anna has 21 apples. Each of them
will share the apples to their friends. What is the greatest
number of apples each of their friend gets if Carlo and Anna
will give the same number of apples?
a. What is asked in the problem?
b. What facts are given?
c. How will you solve the problem?
d. Show your solution.
e. What is the answer to the problem?
2. Peters has ₱ 14 while Carla has ₱ 18. They want to give the
same amount of money to their friend. What is the greatest
amount they can give?

and checking your work. Hope you will do this
until the end of this module.
What’s In
Let us review first some of the concepts that can help you
understand Greatest Common Factor (GCF).
A. Write each number as a product of its two factors.
1. 42 = ____________ 4. 43 = ____________
2. 38 = ____________ 5. 81 = ____________
3. 50 = ____________

What’s New
Let us start learning the new concept with the help of this
story problem.
Read the story problem.
Mrs. Santos is preparing emergency

kits to be given to each class in Grade
4. She has 30 bottles of water and 20
canned food, which she would like to
distribute equally among the kids with
no items left. What is the greatest
number of kits can she make?
What can you say about Mrs. Santos? What kind of person is
she?
• Mrs. Santos love the pupils. She is generous.
How will you solve the problem?
Try to answer the problem. Have patience and have fun!
We will find out on the next part of this module whether you
answered the problem properly and correctly.
What is It
This problem is about finding the Greatest Common Factor

because it requires us to find the greatest quantity of equal groups
that we can make with the bottles of water and cans of food.
You can use the 4-step plan in solving for the answer.
Step 1. Understand
The greatest number of kits that

What is asked in the
Mrs. Santos can make
problem?
30 bottles of water, 20 cans of food

What facts are given?
Step 2. Plan
How will you solve the By finding the Greatest Common

problem? Factor (GCF)
Step 3. Solve
Listing Method:
30: 1, 3, 5, 6, 10,, 30
20: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10,. 20
GCF: 10
Prime Factorization:
30 20
3 10 2 10
2 5 2 5
How is the solution done?
30 = 2 x 3 x 5
20 = 2 x 2 x 5
2 x 5
GCF: 10
Continuous Division:
2 30 20
x
5 15 10
3 2
2 x 5 = 10
GCF: 10
Step 4. Check and Look Back
What is the answer to the

The greatest number of kits is 10.
problem?
Therefore, 10 is the greatest possible number of kits that Mrs.

Santos can make.
What’s More
Let us see if you already know how to solve word problems

involving Greatest Common Factor (GCF).

1. Cassandra is creating individual servings of dessert. She has
16 pili nut candies and 24 chocolates. If she wants each serving to
be identical, with all food included in the servings, what is the
greatest number of servings Cassandra can create?

2. Clark has 25 red marbles and 75 green marbles. If he wants
to put them equally in jars with all marbles included, what is the
greatest number of jars will he need?
a. What is asked for in the problem?


What I Have Learned
You are doing great!
Just always remember that we can use 4-step plan in solving

word problems involving Greatest Common Factor. These are as
follow:
1. Understand
a. What does the problem ask for?
2. Plan
How will you solve the problem?
3. Solve
How is the solution done?
4. Check and look back
What is the answer to the problem?
What I Can Do
Let us see if you are now ready to solve this problem.
Read and understand the problem, then answer the

questions that follow.
Mrs. Perez has 45 pencils and 60 pens to be given to her

pupils. Each pupil must receive the same number of pens and
pencils and there will be no pens or pencils left. What is the
greatest number of pupils in her class?
1. What is asked in the problem?

2. What facts are given?
3. How will you solve the problem?
4. Show your solution.
5. What is the answer to the problem?
Assessment
You are now ready for the next activity.
1. Allan has 18 blue balls and 27 red balls. He wants to group

them of the same size. Each group must have the same
number of blue and red balls. What is the greatest number of
groups that he can form?

2. Troy is packing candies and chocolates for his birthday party.

He has 42 candies and 70 chocolates. He wants to pack them
with the same number of candies and chocolates. What is the
greatest number of packs that he can make?


Let us try some more.
Challenge yourself by answering the problem.
Kristine has 77 mangoes and 63 bananas. She wants to put

all of the fruit in boxes with each box having the same number of
pieces of fruit in it. What is the greatest number of boxes will she
use?

Answer Key
ESSON 1: FINDING THE GREATEST COMMON FACTOR OF TWO NUMBERS

4. They are helpful to their family. They are hardworking.
What I Know (page 2)
1. 2 6. 6
3. 4
2. 3 7. 8
2. 8 fish, 4 fish
3. 4 8. 3
1. The greatest number of fishes each of their cousins get.
4. 3 9. 9
What I Can Do
5. 5 10. 7
5. 15
What’s In (page 2)
4. 11
1. 32 = 1x32, 2x16, 4x8
3. 12
2. 48 = 1x48, 2x24, 4x12, 6x8, 3x16
2. 7
3. 70 = 1x70, 2x35, 5x14
1. 7
4. 63 = 1x63, 3x21, 7x9
Activity 3
5. 78 = 1x78, 2x39, 6x13, 26x3
What’s More (pages 7-9)

Activity 1 Activity 2
Activity 2 Activity 1
What’s More
6x13, 26x3 2x39, 5. 78 = 1x78,

7x9 3x21, 4. 63 = 1x63,
Activity 3 5x14 2x35, 3. 70 = 1x70,
1. 7 4x12, 6x8, 3x16 2x24, 2. 48 = 1x48,
2. 7 4x8 2x16, 1. 32 = 1x32,
3. 12 What’s In
4. 11
5. 15
10. 7 5. 5
9. 9 4. 3
CO_Q2_Mathematics4_Module2
8. 3 3. 4
What I Can Do (page 10) 7. 8 2. 3
1. The greatest number of fishes each of their
19 cousins get. 6. 6 1. 2
2. 8 fish, 4 fish What I Know
3. 4
4. They are helpful to their family. They are hardworking.
LESSON 1: FINDING THE GREATEST COMMON FACTOR OF TWO NUMBERS
ssessment (page 11)
1. 8 6. 10
e. 25
2. 10 7. 25
GCF: 25
3. 14 8. 12
75: 1, 3, 5, 15, 25, 75
4. 20 9. 18
d. 25: 1, 5, 25
5. 9 10. 50
c. Find the GCF
b. 25 red marbles, 75 green marbles
Additional Activities (page 11) 2. a. The greatest number of jars Clark will need.
1. 8 e. 8
2. 9 GCF: 8
3. 4 24: 1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 24
4. 4 d. 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16
5. 7 c. Find the GCF
b. 16 pili nut candies, 24 chocolates
LESSON 2: SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING GREATEST COMMON FACTOR
1. a. The greatest number of servings Cassandra can create.
What’s More
What I Know (pages 12)
1. a. The greatest number of apples each of their friend get. 5. 81 = 1x81, 9x9, 3x27
b. 14 apples, 21 apples 4. 43 = 1x43
c. Find the GCF 3. 50 = 1x50, 2x25, 5x5
d. 14: 1, 2, 7, 14 2. 38 = 1x38, 2x19
21: 1, 3, 7, 21 1. 42 = 1x42, 2x21, 6x7, 3x14
GCF: 7 What’s In
e. 7
2. a. The greatest amount they can give to their friend.
e. ₱ 2
b. ₱ 14, ₱ 18 GCF: 2
c. Find the GCF 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
d. 14: 1, 2, 7, 14 d. 14: 1, 2, 7, 14
18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18 c. Find the GCF
GCF: 2 b. ₱ 14, ₱ 18
e. ₱ 2 2. a. The greatest amount they can give to their friend.
e. 7
What’s In (page 13) GCF: 7
1. 42 = 1x42, 2x21, 6x7, 3x14 21: 1, 3, 7, 21
2. 38 = 1x38, 2x19 d. 14: 1, 2, 7, 14
3. 50 = 1x50, 2x25, 5x5 c. Find the GCF
4. 43 = 1x43 b. 14 apples, 21 apples
5. 81 = 1x81, 9x9, 3x27 1. a. The greatest number of apples each of their friend get.
What I Know
What’s More (pages 15-16)
1. a. The greatest number of servings Cassandra can create.
LESSON 2: SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING GREATEST COMMON FACTOR
b. 16 pili nut candies, 24 chocolates
c. Find the GCF 5. 7
d. 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 4. 4
24: 1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 24 3. 4
GCF: 8 2. 9
e. 8 1. 8
2. a. The greatest number of jars Clark will need. Additional Activities
b. 25 red marbles, 75 green marbles
c. Find the GCF 10. 50 5. 9
d. 25: 1, 5, 25 9. 18 4. 20
75: 1, 3, 5, 15, 25, 75 8. 12 3. 14
GCF: 25 7. 25 2. 10
e. 25 6. 10 1. 8
Assessment
CO_Q2_Mathematics4_Module2 21
What I Can Do
1. The greatest number of pupils in her class.
2. 45 pencils, 60 pens
3. Find the GCF
4. 45: 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45
60: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60
GCF: 15
5. 15
Assessment
1. a. The greatest number of groups that he can form
b. 18 blue balls, 27 red balls
c. Find the GCF
d. 18: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
27: 1, 3, 9, 27
GCF: 9
e. 9
2. a. The greatest number of packs that he can make
b. 42 candies, 70 chocolates
c. Find the GCF
d. 42: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 14, 21, 42
70: 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, 14, 35, 70
GCF: 14
e. 14
1. a. The greatest number of boxes she will use
b. 77 mangoes, 63 bananas
c. Find the GCF
d. 77: 1, 7, 11, 77
63: 1, 3, 7, 9, 21, 63
GCF: 7
e. 7
References
K to 12 Mathematics Curriculum Guide, August 2016

Tabilang, Alma R. et. Al, 2015, Mathematics 4 Learner’s Material
pp. 89-92,97-99, Department of Education
Tabilang, Alma R. et. Al, 2015, Mathematics 4 Teacher’s Guide
pp. 118-122,125-129, Department of Education
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]

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4

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Region V

Office Address: Regional Center Site, Rawis, Legazpi City 4500

There are times that we encounter questions such as: Do we

Finding the Common Factors and the

Let us try to see what you know about Greatest Common

A. Write each number as a product of its two factors.

If you are done answering the activity, please

Notes to the Teacher

Read the story problem.

Nancy has 8 red and 12 pink

What is asked in the problem?

Try to answer the problem. Have patience and have fun!

This problem is about finding the greatest common factor

Study the solutions below.

Method 1. Listing Method

List the factors of 8 and 12.

Arrange the factors from the smallest to biggest.

Find the common factor/s of 8 and 12.

Common Factors: 1 , 2, and 4

Get the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of 8 and 12.

In the next 2 ways of finding the greatest common factor of

When a composite number is written as a product of all of its

For example, the number 16 can be written as a product of

Factor Tree Continuous Division

The number 16 can be written The number 16 can be written

The expression "2 x 2 x 2 x 2" is said to be the Prime

Let us now solve the problem in What’s New using Prime

Method 2. Prime Factorization

Write each number as a product of its prime factors using

Multiply the common prime factors of 8 and 12 to get the GCF.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF): 4

Method 3. Continuous Division

Continuous division is done following the steps below.

1. Write the given numbers horizontally and find a prime

4. Multiply all the prime divisors common to the given numbers

Greatest Common Factor (GCF): 4

Let us see if you already know how to find the Greatest

Activity 3. Find the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of each pair

If you are done answering the activity, please

You are doing great!

Let us see if you are now ready to solve this problem.

Read and understand the problem, then answer the

Andrew and his younger

You are now ready for the next activity.

If you are done answering the activity, please

Let us try some more.

If you are done answering the activity, please

Let us see what you know about Greatest Common Factor

If you are done answering the activity, please

A. Write each number as a product of its two factors.

If you are done answering the activity, please

Read the story problem.

Mrs. Santos is preparing emergency

How will you solve the problem?

Try to answer the problem. Have patience and have fun!

This problem is about finding the Greatest Common Factor

The greatest number of kits that

30 bottles of water, 20 cans of food

How will you solve the By finding the Greatest Common