UNIT 4 “Understanding Harmony in the Nature and Existence - Whole

existence as Co-existence”
Q1. Define harmony in nature. OR Explain the harmony in nature.
Ans: The aggregate of all the mutually interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient
together can be called nature. These units are infinite in number and we could easily observe that
there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among all these units. This self regulation is
harmony or balance in nature. The law of nature has a unique cause and effect system which
must be understood in order to be in harmony with the natural law of things.
Natural harmony is necessary for the following reasons:
1.      Natural harmony is necessary to solve the problem of global warming and depletion of non-
renewable natural resource can be avoided.
2.      Natural harmony with trees cure all problems like – reduction of wind velocity, energy
savings, doing companion planting, development of an eco-subsystem in terms of establishing a
forest garden, reduction of building heat.
3.      It is possible to achieve natural harmony in the establishment, maintenance and management
of educational institution like schools, colleges and universities.
4.      One can understand the depths of harmony and alignment in natural by contemplating and
reflecting upon the natural order. It is possible to unravel the mystery of the natural synthesis in
the midst of ongoing chaos at the material plane.
Q2. What do you mean by co-existence?
Ans: Co-existence in nature means there is a relationship and complementarity among all the
entities in nature including human beings. Co-existence is a state in which two or more groups
are living together while respecting their differences and resolving their conflicts non-violently.
Co-existence has been defined in numerous ways:
1.      To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2.      To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3.      To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is trying to
destroy the other.
4.      To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
The world is full of Diversity – there are different nations, cultures, religions, communities,
languages, and beliefs. The beauty of existence can only be maximized if everything in this
world is in harmony. Peaceful, symbiotic co-existence is the key to harmony in the world.
Q3 What do you mean by ‘innateness’? What is the innateness in the four orders? 
or
What do you understand by the term ‘innateness’ (dhaarna) in nature? Explain the
innateness of material and animal order in nature. 
Ans: Innateness (dharana): Innateness means qualities which are innate to the unit. Each unit
in existence exhibits an innateness, an intrinsic quality that cannot be separated from it. We refer
this principle as innateness also called dharna of that unit. This is intrinsic to the unit.
Material order: When we burn coal and it has finished burning and only some ash is left and
smokes have gone out, it is not that the basic material, the fundamental particles in coal, have
‘cease to exist’ or ‘disappeared’ from existence. They may not be visible to the eye at that
moment, but they continue to exist, they still are in the form of other matter or in the form of
gases, etc. This is there with all material units. We cannot destroy matter, we can only convert it
from one form to the other. Thus, “to exist”, or ‘existence’ is intrinsic to all material, it is innate
to it. We cannot separate the ‘existence’ of a thing from the thing itself.
Plant/bio order: Because the pranic order is a development of the material order, it also has the
innateness of ‘existence’. In addition, it also exhibits the ‘growth’. This principle of ‘growth’
cannot be separated from any units of this order. If it is of pranic order, it will grow. For
example, if you have a plant, you cannot stop it from growing. It will continue to respire and
keep changing in this way. The only way you can stop it from growing is by cutting it, but when
you do that, it ceases to belong to the pranic order, instead decays and then belongs to the
material order. So, as long as you have a plant, it will grow.
Animal order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of the previous order namely ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level
of the body, which is physico-chemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will
to live’ in ‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic
to every unit in this order.
Human (knowledge) order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and
‘growth’ are fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’
however, in addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live with
happiness’.
Order Things Innateness
Material order Soil, water, metals, etc. Existence
Pranic order Plants and trees Existence + growth
Animal order Animals and birds (Existence + growth) in body + will to live in ‘I’
Human order Human beings (Existence + growth) in body + will to live with
happiness in ‘I’

 Q4. What is the svabhava (natural characteristic) of a unit? Elaborate on the svabhava of
a human order.
or
How does the natural characteristics (svabhava) of material order helped man to lead a
better life?
or
Explain the natural characteristics of the material and pranic orders. Give examples. 
or
What are the natural characteristics (swabhava) of human order? Explain. 

Ans: When we look at the different orders in nature, we find that each order has a certain value.
In a fundamental way, this is the ‘usefulness’ or ‘participation’ of the order in existence. This
‘value’ or ‘participation’ is also referred to as “natural characteristic”. The ‘characteristic’ the
order displays in ‘natural to itself’. This is the same as the value of the entity, or its participation
also called ‘svabhava’. The svabhava of material order is ‘composition/decomposition’, of
Plant/bio order is ‘composition/decomposition’ and to nurture or worsen other pranic units. The
svabhav of animal order and human order can be understood in two aspects: body and self. The
svabhav of animal order is Composition / decomposition, nurture / worsen in body and non
cruelty, cruelty in ‘I’. The svabhav of human order is Composition / decomposition, nurture
/ worsen in body and perseverance, bravery, generosity in ‘I’.
Similar as to the case in animals, the human body also belongs to the plant/ bio order and hence
has the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the pranic order.It either nurtures or
worsens other pranic units. As in the example above, when I digest the vegetable, I absorb the
plant and it worsens, while my body is nurtured.The svabhava/ value of the self (‘I’) in human
beings is perseverance (dhirata), bravery (virata) and generosity (udarata).
 Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand
and live in harmony at all levels of existence, living with this commitment without any
perturbation.
 Bravery (virata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and live
in harmony at all levels and I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding. This is
the commitment to help the other have the right understanding of the harmony and living at all
levels of existence.
 Generosity (udarata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and
live in harmony at all the four levels and I am ready to invest myself, my body and wealth to help
the other have the right understanding.
Human beings are not living as per this natural characteristic; even though we have a
svabhava, we are not living according to this. This is basic reason for the contradiction and
conflict that we see in human being. This is what leads to a state of unhappiness. Only when we
live according to our basic human characteristics as mentioned above, we have definite
character, otherwise, it is not definite, it is uncertain, unlike other three orders as discussed
above.
Order Things Natural Characteristic
Material order Soil, water, metals, Composition / decomposition
etc.
Pranic order Plants and trees Composition / decomposition + nurture / worsen
Animal order Animals and birds (Composition / decomposition, nurture / worsen)
in body + (non cruelty, cruelty) in ‘I’
Human order Human beings (Composition / decomposition, nurture / worsen)
in body + (perseverance, bravery, generosity) in
‘I’

Q5. What are the four orders of nature? Briefly explain them.
Ans: All the physical objects that are in solid, liquid or gas state either living or non-living,
collectively termed as nature. In other words, the aggregate of all the mutually interacting units –
big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. These units are infinite in
number and we could easily observe that there exists a dynamic balance, self regulation among
all these units. There are four orders of nature:
Material order: The big land mass of the continents, gigantic water bodies like ocean and seas,
mountains and rivers, the atmosphere above, the heaps of metals and mineral below, the dense
gases and fossil fuels deep below the surface of the earth – all fall into the material order or
padartha avastha. In fact, if we look around beyond the earth, the material order is visible even in
the form of stars, planets, moons and several astronomical bodies.
Pranic order: Our land mass is covered with grass and small shrubs and they form the lining on
the entire soil. Shrubs, plants and trees form huge forest along with the flora in the ocean. All of
this is the plant/bio order or prana avastha and it is the next big order on our planet. (The material
order is far greater in quantity compared to the plant/bio order)
Animal order: Animals and birds form the third largest order and we call them the animal order
or jiva avastha. Here again, we see that the plant/bio order is far greater in quantity than the
animal order.
Human order: Human are the smallest order and they are referred to as human order or gyana
avastha. Animals are far greater in quantity as compared to the human order.
Q6. Explain the differences and similarities between animal order and human order. What
is the relation between the two orders? 
or
Present the difference and similarity between a human being and an animal. Give examples
to support your answer. 
ANS. The two orders can be distinctly recognized in terms of their characteristics, participation
with other units in similar order, activities, pattern of inheritance, etc. We can see this in the
following diagram:
Order Things Activity Innate- Natural Basic Conformanc
ness Characteristi Activity e
c
Anima Animal (Composition (Exisetenc (Composition (Recognisin Breed
l s / e / g, conformance
order and decompositio + growth) decompositio fulfillment)
birds n, in n, in
respiration) in body + nurture / body +
body + will worsen) (assuming,
selection to live in in body + recognising,
in ‘I’ ‘I’ (non fulfillment)
cruelty, in
cruelty) ‘I’
in ‘I’
Huma Human (Composition (Exisetenc (Composition Recognising Right
n beings / e / , values /
order decompositio + growth) decompositio fulfillment sanskara
n, in n, in conformance
respiration) in body + nurture / body +
body + will worsen) (knowing,
(selection, to live in body + assuming,
thought, with (perceverance recognising,
 desire) happiness , fulfillment)
in ‘I’ in bravery, in
‘I’ generosity) in ‘I’
‘I’

Things (Vastu)
Animal order: The animal order is made of various kinds of animals and birds. These entities
display both a body (physicochemical activity) as well as a conscious activity (self or ‘I’). The
animal order thus is the coexistence of the animal body (pranic order) and the self (or ‘I’ =
consciousness).
Human (knowledge) order: The human order is constituted of all the human beings. Each
human being is coexistence of the self (‘I’, conscious entity = consciousness) and the body
(pranic order).
Activity (Kriya)
Animal Order: Body In Animals – Physico-Chemical Activities: The body displays respiration,
or breathing, or pulsating also there is composition/ decomposition in the body.
‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities: The activities in ‘I’ are fundamentally different from those
in the body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming.Animals make
assumptions. If we have a dog and some strangers come into the house, the dog may start
barking at him. If this person stays at our house, the dog may stops barking at him, but will
continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened here is that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about
this person has changed, due to which; the way in which it responds to the person has changed.
We call this assuming.
Human Order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body, i.e.
composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to consciousness or ‘I’, however,
the human displays more than just an ability to ‘select’ or make choices as animals do. In human
beings, ‘I’ has the activities of desiring, thinking, and selecting/tasting, with a possibility or need
for understanding and realization. Only humans have this need to know and that is why it is
called gyana avastha – the knowledge order.
Innateness (dharana)
Animal Order: The animal body is a development of the pranic order and therefore this order
inherits the innateness of ‘existence’ and ‘growth’. This is at the level of the body, which is
physicochemical in nature. In addition, all units in this order have the ‘will to live’ in
‘I’. Indeed no unit in this order can be separated from this ‘will to live’. It is intrinsic to every
unit in this order.
Human Order: When we look at the human being, we find that ‘existence’ and ‘growth’ are
fundamentally present in the body, just as in the animal body. At the level of ‘I’ however, in
addition to the ‘will to live’, a human being’s innateness is the ‘will to live with happiness’.
Natural Characteristics (Svabhava)
Animal Order: The body of the animal belongs to the plant/bio or pranic order, and hence has the
same ‘usefulness’ or ‘value’ as the pranic order. Thus ‘nurture/worsen’ is the svabhava of the
animal body. The svabhava of the self (‘I’) of the animal order is non-cruelty (akrurata)
and cruelty (krurata). Cruelty (krurata) means the feeling that it can fulfil its needs through
violence and forcefulness. For ex., cows may largely be living with a feeling of non-cruelty
(akrurata); while animals like tigers and lions may exhibit cruelty (krurata).
Human Order: Similar as to the case in animals, the human body also belongs to the plant/ bio
order and hence has the same svabhava or value/natural characteristic as the pranic order. It
either nurtures or worsens other pranic units. As in the example above, when I digest the
vegetable, I absorb the plant and it worsens, while my body is nurtured. The svabhava/ value of
the self (‘I’) in human beings is perseverance (dhirata), bravery (virata) and generosity
(udarata).
1.      Perseverance (dhirata): Being assured that the all encompassing solution is to understand and
live in harmony at all levels of existence.
2.      Bravery (virata): I am ready to help the other to have the right understanding.
3.      Generosity (udarata): I am ready to invest myself, my body and wealth to help the other have
the right understanding.
Basic Activity:
Animal Order: there is only recognising, and fulfilment in body, and in self (I) there is the basic
activity of assuming, recognising, fulfilment.
Human Order: human displays the same basic activity as that of animal body i.e. Recognising,
fulfilment, but in self (I) human have one more activity i.e. knowing.
Conformance (Anu-Sangita)
Animal order: Animals conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behaviour is according
to their lineage they belong to, the lineage they come from. Hence, we say that an animal
conforms to its breed, or has ‘breed conformance’. This breed conformance method is the
mechanism by means of which the continuity of an animal species is maintained in
nature/existence.
Human (knowledge) order: We humans are not according to our lineage or race, as in animals.
We humans are according to our imagination; according to our desires, thoughts and selection in
‘I’. The desires, thoughts and selections we have in ‘I’ can come from past memories, our
parents, the environment, and the media, anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say ‘as the
education, so the human’. Together, we call these ‘sanskara’. Hence, we say that a human
being conforms to his or her sanskar or has ‘sanskaar conformance’.
Q7. What are the four orders in nature? Describe their activities and natural
characteristics?
or
What do you understand by ‘activity’? Write down the activity of the four orders in
nature. 
or
Distinguish between the activities of different orders of nature giving an example of each. 
Ans: Combination of all that is in solid, liquid or gas state, or the aggregate of all the mutually
interacting units – big or small, sentient or insentient together can be called nature. We can
categorize all these units into four distinct orders.
 Material order                                             Pranic order
 Animal order                                               Human order
The four orders can be distinctly recognised in terms of their natural characteristics and
activities.
Order Things Activity Natural Characteristic
Material Soil, Composition / decomposition Composition / decomposition
order water,
metals, etc
Pranic Plants and Composition / decomposition Composition / decomposition +
order trees + nurture / worsen
respiration
Animal Animals (Composition / decomposition, (Composition / decomposition,
order and birds respiration) in body + selection nurture / worsen) in body + (non
in ‘I’ cruelty, cruelty) in ‘I’
Human Human (Composition / decomposition, (Composition / decomposition,
order beings respiration) in body + nurture / worsen) in body +
(selection, thought, desire) in (bravery, perseverance, generosity)
‘I’ in ‘I’

Q8. How will you show interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in four order of nature
with examples?
or
There are four orders in nature. How does each order participate in the harmony in the
nature? Give few examples.
or
What are the four orders in nature? How can the human order be responsible to the other
three orders? 
or
Critically examine the attitude of humans today towards the other three orders of nature.
Try to make a proper evaluation of human efforts.
or
How is the human order related to the other three orders in nature? How does this
understanding help in choosing the production activity for a human being?

Ans: In the nature, all the units are connected to each other and fulfilling each other. Human
being is related to all other human beings. On this basis, we have feelings and emotions for
everyone. Human being is connected to all the material units in the existence and gets aware of it
as he starts exploring it. We can see this interconnectedness and mutual fulfilment in the
following diagram:
Material Order and Plant/Bio-Order: The material order provides the nutrients to the plant/bio
order in the form of soil, minerals, etc while the plant/ bio order decays and forms more
nutrients, thus enriching the soil. The plant/bio order also decays to substances like oil and coal,
which are stored deep within the earth as protection against the heat from the molten core inside
the earth as well as the heat from the sun (today, this is the material we are removing and using
as fuel). Plants help move the nutrients through the various layers of the soil. The roots of the
plants hold the soil together and prevent the soil from erosion. Plants produce oxygen/ carbon
dioxide and thus help in the movement of the material order. There is a mutual interdependency
and co-existence we can see here.

Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order and Animal Order: The material order provides the basis
for movement of all animals, birds and fishes. Water, oxygen and other gases are necessities for
both plants and animals. At the same time, the animal order helps enrich the soil with its excreta
and these excreta help the plants with nutrients. The plant/bio order provides food for animals,
birds and fishes. The animal Order helps in pollination of the flowers of the pranic order.
Material Order, Plant/Bio- Order, Animal Order and Human Order: We humans also have
a natural acceptance to be mutually fulfilling to these three orders. However, we are not able to
ensure this mutual fulfillment. We are dependent on the material order for soil and minerals
and metals, but only end up polluting the soil and depleting the fossil fuels; we are dependent on
plants for our food and holding together the larger ecosystem, but we have destroyed forests and
destroyed multiple species of plants and herbs; we are dependent on animals to carry out our
production and transportation activities, but have made many species of animals extinct, and are
today known for our cruelty towards animals. We can see that there is interconnectedness and
mutual fulfillment in all the orders of nature except human order. We have to work on this.
Q9. Explain how there is recyclability and self-regulation in nature.
or
Explain the recyclability in nature with any two examples. 
or
There is recyclability in nature. Explain this statement with any two examples. How does it
help in production activity? 
or
Explain the recyclability of any two units in nature with examples. How is it useful for
sustainable production activities? 

Ans: There are several cyclical processes that we can see in nature. For example the cycle of
water, evaporating, condensing and precipitating back to water giving the weather phenomena.
The cycles keep these materials self-regulated on the earth. Breeds of plants and animals are
similarly self-regulated in their environment. In a forest, the growth of trees takes place in a way
so that the amount of soil, plants and animals remains conserved. It never happens that the
number of trees shoots up and there is a lack of soil for the trees. The appropriateness of the
conditions for growth of both plants and animals are self-regulated in nature keeping the
population proportions naturally maintained. This phenomenon is termed as self-regulation. In a
single breed of animals, the number of males and females generated through procreation is such
that the continuity of species is ensured by itself. This happens with humans too, but inhuman
practices have led to disproportionate numbers of men and women. These two characteristics
namely, cyclical nature and self-regulation provide us with some clues of the harmony that is in
nature.
Q10. What do you mean by ‘conformance’? Explain the conformance in the four orders.
Ans: Each unit conforms through the principle of conformance or anusangita. It means how the
continuity of the fundamental nature of the unit is preserved.
Order Material order Pranic order Animal order Human order
Things Soil, water, Plants and trees Animals and Human beings
metals, etc birds
Conformance Constitution Seed Breed Right values /
conformance conformance conformance sanskara
conformance

Material order: The continuity of the fundamental nature of the material unit is preserved
through the physical and chemical processes. Take iron for example. Each atom of iron conforms
to the constitutional structure of ‘Iron’. There is no atom of iron that will be unlike the other
atom of iron, if it were, we would not call it iron. We call this ‘constitution conformance’. The
material order exhibits constitution conformance. We can verify this for all things in the material
order. For example, oxygen, nitrogen, other gasses, gold, silver, aluminum… all of
them conform to and are always according to the constitution of their kind. Hence, we say
that any matter conforms to its constitution or has ‘constitution conformance’.
Plant/bio order: A neem seed will always sprout a neem plant. All of us know this. Its fruits, its
leaves, the taste of the leaves, the colour of the leaves, all this information, this basic information
of every neem plant are stored in the seed. Thus, we say the plant is always as the seed, or we
can say, ‘as the seed, thus the plant’.Hence, we say that a plant conforms to the seed, or has
‘seed conformances’.  This ‘seed conformance’ method is the mechanism by means of which
the continuity of a plant species is maintained in nature/existence.
Animal order: We see that a cow is always like a cow, and a dog is always like a dog. Animals
conform to their lineage. How animals are, their behavior, is according to their lineage they
belong to, the lineage they come from. Hence, we say that an animal conforms to its breed, or
has ‘breed conformance’. This breed conformance method is the mechanism by means of
which the continuity of an animal species is maintained in nature/existence.
Human (knowledge) order: We can see that we humans are not according to our lineage or
race, as in animals. We may pick up something from our parents as we grow up, but we are
usually very different in many ways from them. We humans are according to our imagination;
according to our desires, thoughts and selection in ‘I’. The desires, thoughts and selections we
have in ‘I’ can come from anywhere. It can come from past memories; it can come from our
parents, the environment, media and from anywhere. In the case of humans, we can say ‘as the
education, so the human’. We are according to our desires, thoughts and selections. Together, we
call these ‘sanskara’. Hence, we say that a  human being conforms to his or her sanskar or has
‘sanskaar conformance’.
Q11. How the activity is in human order is different with that of animal and plant order?
Ans: An activity means something that ‘has motion’ and /or ‘has a result’. The material order is
active in multiple ways, and the same with the plant order or animal order or human order. We
are sitting in a room. But we are active. We are thinking, desiring, the body has breath running,
heart throbbing. The air in the room is blowing. The wall standing constantly also has activity.
The chair in the room is also active. It may not be very visible to our eyes but the chair is still
active.
We can understand this activity in two ways:
  Things that we see are ‘visibly moving’, through the naked eyes, such as a spinning top, a
moving bus, a running man, are active, and
  All things that are ‘visibly stationery’, are not moving, are also active. Like a stationary chair.
The activity of chair is that the wood of the chair is interacting with the environment and as a
result it decays with time.
All units around us, including ourselves, are active, all the time. They are interacting with the
environment. In the activity, there is a state or configuration and motion simultaneously. This
remains all the time.
Order Things Activity
Material order Soil, water, metals, etc. Composition / decomposition
Pranic order Plants and trees Composition / decomposition + respiration
Animal order Animals and birds (Composition / decomposition, respiration)
in body + selection in ‘I’
Human order Human beings (Composition / decomposition, respiration)
in body + (selection, thought, desire) in ‘I’
Material order: All material things (i.e. units in the material order) can be understood as an
activity of ‘units’ coming together to form a bigger unit. We call this ‘composition’. For
example, the chair is made of smaller pieces of wood. Bigger units can also separte from each
other to form smaller units and we call this ‘decomposition’. Like a wooden chair can decay after
a few years. Thus any unit in the material order can be understood as an ‘activity of
‘composition/decomposition’.
Plant/bio order: When we look at all the units that make up the plant/bio order we will find that
they can be understood in terms of composition/ decomposition and respiration. Not only do
plants compose (following new plants) and decompose (decaying), they are also breathing, or
pulsating, which we call respiration.
Animal order: We can understand the activities of animal order in two aspects:
• Body In Animals – Physicochemical Activities The body displays the same activities that we
see the plant. The body displays respiration, or breathing, or pulsating, as we call it. The body is
also formed at one point in time and keeps building cells as well, i.e. there is composition in the
body. Hence, the activities in the body are the same as that in the plant/bio order, which are:
composition/ decomposition and respiration. Hence, we say that the body belongs to plant/bio
order.
• ‘I’ In Animals – Conscious Activities The activities in ‘I’ are fundamentally different from
those in the body. ‘I’ is a unit that has the ability or capacity of assuming. Animals make
assumptions. If you have a dog and some strangers come into the house, the dog may start
barking at him. If this person stays at your house, the dog may stops barking at him, but will
continue to bark at other strangers. What has happened here is that the dog’s ‘assumption’ about
this person has changed, due to which; the way in which it responds to the person has changed.
We call this assuming.
It is important to note that this consciousness or faculty of assuming is not in the body. The
body belongs to the plant/bio order, and is physicochemical in nature. It just responds to
physicochemical inputs.
Human (knowledge) order: The activities in human body are similar to that in the animal body,
and we have seen this in detail as: composition/ decomposition and respiration. When it comes to
consciousness or ‘I’, however, the human displays more than just an ability to ‘select’ or make
choices as animals do.
Thus, in human beings, ‘I’ has the activities of desiring, thinking, and selecting/tasting, with a
possibility or need for understanding and realization. Only humans have this need to know and
that is why it is called gyana avastha – the knowledge order.
Q12. Explain the basic activity in the four orders in nature.
Ans:
Order Things Basic Activity
Material order Soil, water, metals, etc. . Recognizing, fulfillment
Pranic order Plants and trees Recognizing, fulfillment
Animal order Animals and birds (Recognizing, fulfillment) in body + (assuming,
recognizing, fulfillment) in ‘I’
Human order Human beings Recognizing, fulfillment in body + (knowing,
 assuming, recognizing, fulfillment) in ‘I’

In the material and pranic order, there is only recognizing and fulfillment. Such units do
not have the activities of assuming and knowing. Take for example, hydrogen and oxygen
recognize the relation to each other, and combine to form water. A brick and the other brick have
a definite relation, recognize it and get arranged to form a building. A plant recognizes the
relation with sun and water, and fulfils it by acting accordingly. Such activities take place in a
similar way all the time, there is no selection involved here. A plant does not choose to turn or
not to turn to sun, absorb or not to absorb water. Similarly, the fan in your room does not choose
to rotate clockwise or anti-clockwise. It turns as per the winding in the motor. No choice.
When we look at the animals and humans, we find selection taking place.
Q13. Comment on the statement: “Nature is limited and space is unlimited.”
Ans: Nature has four orders and there are units in each order. Each unit is limited in size. The
size ranges from being really small (atom) to really big (galaxies). Each and every unit is finite
and limited in size, be it the smallest particle or the biggest galaxies. Space, on the other hand is
unlimited. Space has no ‘size’, unlike units, it is not bounded. So, there is no beginning or end to
space, as there is to units. For example, when we take a book, we know that it starts and finishes.
We say the book is ‘limited’ in size. When we take space, there is no such thing. There is space
behind us, inside us, between us and the book, between the book and the earth, in the book, in
every page of it, inside the page, and beyond the earth…. all the way till we can imagine. We
find that space pervades; it is all-pervading. Units, on the other hand are not all-pervading.
This is how we recognize them as units.
Q14. How can we say that ‘nature is Self Organized and in space Self-Organization Is
Available.’
Ans: Every unit is an organization. A unit recognizes other units and combines to form a bigger
organization. Starting from the atom, to the big galaxy, this organization goes on, as a self-
organization. At every level, we get a self-organization. Sub atomic particles recognize each
other and come together to form atoms. Cells recognize each other and form organizations like
organs and a body. Planetary bodies, solar systems, galaxies are still bigger organizations. We
are not organizing it. We are not supplying it organization from outside.
When we look at humans, we see that we are self-organized at the level of the body. We are not
organizing the body. We are not doing anything for the coordinationbetween the heart, kidneys,
lungs, eyes, brain, hands, legs, etc. All these are functioning together. Our input is needed only to
provide the required nutrition, and to assist the body when we fall sick/get injured. At the level
of ‘I’, we are not self-organized, but being in space, self-organization is available to the self (‘I’).
That’s why we are in pursuit of happiness, which is essentially being in harmony. Whenever we
are not in harmony, we are unhappy. All the units of four orders are self-organized. No one is
organizing them from outside. No one is supplying this organization. This self-organization is
available to units being in space. Hence, for space, we say ‘self organization is available’.
Q15. Define existence? Show that existence is in a form of co-existence.
or
Existence is co-existence of mutually interacting units in all-pervasive space. Explain. 
or
“Existence = Nature submerged in space” – Elaborate this point.
or
Differentiate between units and space. How are units self-organized in space?
or
What are the various attributes of units and space? Explain each.
or
Write a short note on ‘nature (units) submerged in space’. Explain the meaning of
submerged here. 
or
‘Existence is co-existence’. Give your opinion. 

Ans: All the units together constitute nature. All the units of nature exist in space which is an
important reality to understand. Existence is nothing but the nature in space.
Existence         =         Exist    +         Essence,          whatever exists.
                          
To be               harmony
We define unit as something that is limited in size. Like a small blade of human hair to the
biggest planets we know of, they are all limited in size, i.e. bounded on six sides. So, all the
‘things’ we have been studying so far: the human beings, animals, lumps of matter as well as
various atoms and molecules, are all ‘units’. We can recognize them as such, they are
countable.
But there is another ‘reality’ called ‘space’. We normally don’t pay attention to this ‘reality’,
because it’s not a ‘unit’. We can’t ‘touch it’, smell it. We normally just ‘see through it’. But the
fact is because we can’t ‘touch it’ or ‘see it’ as we would see a unit like our body, our friends, or
a piece of rock, doesn’t mean it does not exist. Space exists everywhere. Co-existence is a state
in which two or more groups are living together while respecting their differences and
resolving their conflicts non-violently. Coexistence has been defined in numerous ways:
1.      To exist together (in time or space) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
2.      To learn to recognize and live with difference.
3.      To have a relationship between persons or groups in which none of the parties is trying to
destroy the other.
4.      To exist together (in time or place) and to exist in mutual tolerance.
EXISTENCE
Nature submerged in Space
(Collection of units) (Empty)
Limited Unlimited
Active No activity
Energized Equilibrium energy
Recognizes and fulfils the relation All reflecting, transparent
Self organized Self organized is available
Unit All pervasive
Abundance with diversity All pervasive
Consciousness (I) – Nirantar Nitya
Material- Anitya (Ulimited in space and time)
(Niranatar: Limited in space, Unlimited in time, Anitya: Limited in space and time)
When we look at the existence around, the first thing we see is space. And then we see the
units in space. Between every two units there is a space. The units exist in space. If we were to
define this, we would say that there are two kinds of realities in existence and these are: space
and units (in space). So we say,
Existence = space + units (in space)
Since nature consists of the four orders we have been discussing, we can say,
“Existence = Nature submerged in space”.
Nature = Four orders (Material, Plant/Bio or Pranic, Animal and Human Order)
Q16. Explain the concept of holistic perception of harmony in existence.
Ans: The existence is units in space. Space is the empty area all around. The units are of two
types: material (insentient) and conscious (the sentient ‘I’). The material units are
transformable, and their composition keeps on changing, hence these are gathansheel. The
other category of units, the sentient ‘I’, does not transform and are complete in composition,
hence gathanpurna. The material units are changeful (with activities of recognizing and
fulfilment only) while the other kinds of units are continuous (with activities of knowing,
assuming, recognizing and fulfilment). The material units are available in two orders – material
order and pranic order. In the material order, an atom combines with another atom to form a
molecule; a molecule similarly forms a molecular structure. Molecular structures are found in
two forms: lumps and fluids. Fluids give nutrition to pranic order. In pranic order, the smallest
units are plant cells which combine with other cells to form plants, animal bodies and human
bodies. The co-existence of ‘I’ with the animal body becomes the animal order, and the co-
existence of ‘I’ with the human body becomes the human order. Completion of right
understanding in human being is called kriyapurnata and ability to live with complete
understanding is called acharanpurnata.
If we look at the left side of the chart, the transformation keeps taking place and the
transformation is cyclic in nature. But on the right hand side, the transitions are acyclic. This
implies that what we have understood continues to stay with us. We will never miss it. This is a
transition in one direction. This is actually called development (vikas).
So, Existence is in the form of co-existence. It is in Harmony. We don’t have to create this
harmony, it already exists. We only have to understand it to be in it. This means that having the
knowledge of self (‘I’) gives me the knowledge of humane conduct (how to live in existence,
with the four orders). With this knowledge, I can live with humane conduct. This is the pending
task we have to complete.