100 QUESTION AND ANSWER

INTRODUCTION TO PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE

SYSTEM

1. THE WHOLE CASE IS ELEVATED TO HIGHER COURT FO REVIEW AND FINAL

ADJUDICATION*
A. PRE-TRIAL
B. TRIAL
C. ARRAIGNMENT
D. APPEAL
E. JUDGMENT
 

2. is a self-contained charge that sets forth the sufficient facts that, with reasonable inferences, allow a
person to reasonably conclude that a crime was probably committed and that the suspect, defendant, is
likely culpable.
A. CIVIL COMPLAINT
B. INFORMATION
C. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
D. CRIMINAL COMPLAINT
E. JUDGMENT
 
3. is a system dealing with children at risk and children in conflict with the law.
A. APPELLATE JUSTICE
B. BARANGAY JUSTICE SYSTEM
C. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
D. SPECIAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
 
4. THE READING TO THE ACCUSED IN OPEN COURT OF THE COMPLAINT OR
INFORMATION
A. APPEAL
B. ARRAIGNMENT
C. TRIAL
D. PRE-TRIAL
E. JUDGMENT
 

5. is the existence of sufficient ground to engender a wellfounded belief that: a) A crime has been
committed; and b) The respondent is probably guilty thereof.
 A. SEARCH WARRANT
B. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
C. PROBABLE CAUSE
D. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
 
6. ADJUDICATION BY THE COURT THAT THE ACCUSED IS GUILTY OR NOT GUILTY*
A. JUDGMENT
B. PRE-TRIAL
C. ARRAIGNMENT
D. APPEAL
 
7. also known as a felony complaint, and is slightly different from a civil complaint. 
A. INFORMATION
B. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
C. CRIMINAL COMPLAINT
D. JUDGMENT
 
8. They file corresponding INFORMATION OR CRIMINAL COMPLAINTS in the proper courts on the
basis of their evaluation of the proofs at hand; 
A. COURT
B. PROSECUTION 
C. CORRECTION
D. COMMUNITY ORIENTED POLICING
 
9. any questioning initiated by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody of
otherwise deprived of his freedom of action in any significant way. 
A. WARRANT OF ARREST
B. SEARCH WARRANT
C. INQUEST PROCEEDINGS
D. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
 
 
10. is known as the front liner or prime mover of the CJS of the Philippines Law enforcement pillar
usually refers to the police or the PNP as agency. The PNP is responsible in the arrest of the violators of
law.
COURT
PROSECUTION
COMMUNITY
LAW ENFORCEMENT

 
11. It is considered as the prime mover of the Criminal Justice System. _______ is a deterrent and
preventive activity.
A. COMMUNITY
B. COURT
C. PROSECUTION
D. LAW ENFORCEMENT
 
 
12. The informal pillar of the CJS of the Philippines It is also known as the widest pillar. It is also the
place where the criminal comes from and where he will return.
A. LAW ENFORCEMENT
B. PROSECUTION
C. COURT
D. COMMUNITY
 
 
13. established by the mandate of Republic Act 7160 or the Local Government Code of 1983
A. SPECIAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
B. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
C. BARANGAY JUSTICE SYSTEM
D. APPELLATE JUSTICE
 
14. The most pampered party in a criminal case.
A. Accused
B. People of the Philippines
C. Victim/complainant
 
created by virtue of Republic Act 9344 ammended by RA 10630
A. APPELLATE JUSTICE
B. SPECIAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
C. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
D. BARANGAY JUSTICE SYSTEM
 
15. an inquiry held for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not probable cause is present. It is intended
to secure the innocent against hasty, malicious and oppressive prosecution and to protect him from an
open and public accusation of crime. It is further intended to protect the State from useless and expensive
trial
A. SEARCH WARRANT
B. INQUEST PROCEEDINGS
C. ARREST
D. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

 
16. The actual offended party.
A. Accused
B. Victim/complainant
C. People of the Philippines
 
 
17. The weakest pillar in the CJS of the Philippines. It controls those who were convicted by the court and
segregate them from the community. In the Philippines, we jails and prisons as well as farms
 A. COURT
B. CORRECTION
C. COMMUNITY
D. PROSECUTION
 
18. community-based dispute settlement mechanism that is administred by basic political unit of the
country
A. SPECIAL JUSTICE SYSTEM FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
B. APPELLATE JUSTICE
C. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
D. BARANGAY JUSTICE SYSTEM
 
19. Instead of an individual filing the complaint, the government usually files the ________ against the
individual. However, some states do allow individuals to file ________ Essentially, it’s a judicial order,
court-issued document, that charges the suspect, defendant with specific crimes.
A. INFORMATION
B. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
C. CIVIL COMPLAINT
D. CRIMINAL COMPLAINT
 
 
20. THE FORMAL INVESTIGATION OF THE MATTER IN ISSUE WITH REPSECT TO THE
ACTION BEFORE A COMPETENT COURT FOR THE PURPOSE OF DETERMINING SUCH ISSUE
THAT INVOLVES THE GUILT OR INNOCENCE OF ACCUSED*
A. JUDGMENT
B. APPEAL
C. ARRAIGNMENT
D. TRIAL
 

21. gather necessary evidence with the help of the law enforcement. It determines the existence of prima
facie case. It also files and prosecute the case in court
A. PROSECUTION
B. COMMUNITY
C. CORRECTION
D. LAW ENFORCEMENT
 
22.  is the process or method whereby accusations are brought before the court of justice to determine the
guilt or innocence of the accused.
A. PROSECUTION
B. COMMUNITY ORIENTED POLICING
C. COMMUNITY
D. CORRECTION
 
23. AN INFORMAL TRIAL WHICH PRECEDS THE REGUAL TRIAL. PRIMARILY INTENDED TO
EPEDITE THE PROCEEDING
 A. APPEAL
B. ARRAIGNMENT
C. JUDGMENT
D. PRE-TRIAL
 
 
24. The machinery which the society uses in the prevention and control of crimes. It may also refer to the
totality of the activities of the law enforcers, prosecutors, judges, and corrections personnel, as well as
those of the mobilized community in crime prevention and control.
A. Law Enforcement
B. Court
C. Criminal Justice System
D. Law

 
It is required when the imposable penalty for the crime charged is at least 4 years, 2 months, and 1 day
(4:2:1) imprisonment without regard to the fine
A. SEARCH WARRANT
B. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
C. INQUEST PROCEEDINGS
D. CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION
 

25. was established for the law enforcement and community to have a harmonious relationship with each
other. Under this system, the policemen conduct seminars, tree planting, and other activities for them to
show how much they care for the community. In return, the community will have an active participation
in assisting the policemen in performing their official functions.
A. CORRECTION
B. LAW ENFORCEMENT
C. PROSECUTION
D. COMMUNITY ORIENTED POLICING
 
 
26. known as the center or core of the CJS of the Philippines. It is also the arbiter of justice, conducts
hearing, and render authoritative judgment.
A. COURT
B. CORRECTION
C. LAW ENFORCEMENT
D. COMMUNITY
 
27. is a proceeding done by the inquest prosecutor to determine the validity of the arrest. This is very
summary in nature which may be done by an informal interview with the arresting officer and/or the
arrested person. 
 A. SEARCH WARRANT
B. ARREST
C. PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
D. INQUEST PROCEEDINGS
 
28. The forgotten party in a criminal case.
A. Victim/complainant
B. People of the Philippines
C. Accused

29. What is the act,deemed socially harmful or dangerous, that is specifically defined, prohibited, and
punished under the criminal law?
A. CRIME
B. FELONY
C. DEVIANCE
D. DELINQUENCY

30. A law enforcement function in order to preserve social and public order.
A. PROTECTION
B. CROWD CONTROL
C. ORDER MAINTENANCE
D. CRIME PREVENTION

31. Which of the following is a Review Court and it is considered as the highest court of the land?
A. COURT OF APPEAL
B. MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURT
C. REGIONAL TRIAL COURT
D. SUPREME COURT

32. This is special court tasked to handle graft and corruption committed by public officials or
employees.
A. OMBUDSMAN
B. SANDIGANBAYAN
C. MILITARY COURT
D. SUPREME COURT

33. This is an attitude enjoyed given to police to use discretion whether to effect arrest or not.
A. ADMINISTRATION
B. AUTHORITY
C. MANAGEMENT
D. POWER

34. Who has the power to define and punish crimes?

A. CHURCH
B. STATE
C. JUDICIARY
D. POLICE

35. What is the process by which we use or manipulate representation or symbols?

A. THINKING
B. INTUITION
C. PERCEIVING
D. IMAGINING

36. What refers the process of eliminating or reducing the desire and opportunity to commit crime.
A. CRIME SUPPERSSION
B. CRIME PREVENTION
C. LAW ENFORCEMENT
D. ORDER MAINTENANCE

37. These provides the basis for due process of law.

A. BIBLE
B. COMMON LAW
C. CONSTITUTION
D. PNP LAW

38. The authority of the court to hear and determine a case.

A. HEARING
B. LEGISLATIVE POWER
C. DECISION
D. JURISDICTION
39. Who has The highest in rank among the following?
A. CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
B. DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL
C. DIRECTOR
D. DIRECTOR GENERAL

40. The major function of the Prosecution component of the Criminal Justice System.
A. REHABILITATE PRISONERS
B. REPRESENTS THE GOVERNMENT IN CRIMINAL CASES
C. ENFORCE THE LAW OF THE LAND
D. SENTENCING OF THE ACCUSED

41. The police is an agency of the…

A. STATE
B. GOVERNMENT
C. COMMUNITY
D. ALL OF THESE

42. The primary and major output of the Criminal Justice System is:
A. LAW
B. CRIME
C. JUSTICE
D. CORRECTION

43. The primary goal of Criminal Justice System is:

A. MAINTAIN PEACE AND ORDER
B. PREVENTION OF CRIME
C. PROTECTION OF GOVERNMENT FROM ENEMIES
D. PROSECUTE CRIMINAL

44. Which of the following is the primary source of criminal law in the Philippines is?
A. REPUBLIC ACTS
B. PRESIDENTIAL DECREES
C. REVISED PENAL CODE
D. EITHER OF THESE

45. This refers to the recital of the rights of a suspect during custodial investigation.
A. BILL OF RIGHTS
B. MIRANDA WARNING
C. CODE OF ETHICS
D. POLICEMAN’S CODE

46. They are referred to as the forgotten subject in the criminal justice system.
A. ACCUSED
B. CRIMINALS
C. VICTIMS
D. WITNESSES

47. A confinement facility having custodial authority over an individual sentenced by a court to
imprisonment, which is administered by a National Government.
A. JAIL
B. PRISON
C. CORRECTIONS
D. REHABILITATION CENTER

48. Teaching the community to protect themselves aside from constant police patrol and visibility refers
to.
A. REACTIVE POLICING
B. PROACTIVE POLICING
C. HIGH VISIBILITY
D. LOW VISIBILITY

49. They are task to apprehend and investigate those person who have violated the rules of the
professional ethics in spending the government’s budget in some personal interest.
A. NBI
B. COA
C. SANDIGANBAYAN
D. SENATE

50. When should the sworn counter-affidavit be filed by the respondent from receipt to answer the
accusations against him?
A. 10 DAYS
B. AFTER 10 DAYS
C. WITHIN 10 DAYS
D. BEFORE 10 DAYS

51. Who are the gate keepers of Criminal Justice system?

A. JAIL GUARD
B. COURT
C. CORRECTION
D. LAW ENFORCEMENT
52. What is that thought of police service regards police as the first line of defense of the criminal justice
system, an organ of crime prevention. Under this concept, police efficiency is measured by the decreasing
number of crimes. It further broadens police activities to cater to social services, and has for its mission
the welfare of the individual as well as that of the community in general.
A. POLICING SYSTEM
B. LAW ENFORCEMENT POLICING SYSTEM
C. MODERN CONCEPT
D. CONTEMPORARY POLICING THOUGHT
53. It such a fact and circumstances which would lead a reasonably discreet and prudent man to believe
that the person has committed an offense, sought to be arrested.
A. INFORMATION
B. PROBABLE CAUSE
C. TESTIMONY
D. PRIMA FACIE

54. Pedro Reyes, a resident of Quezon City found to be in conflict with the law particularly the R.A.
9165. What particular agency would be responsible in processing the investigation?
A. PNP
B. INTERPOL
C. NBI
D. PDEA

55. One which consists of several parts that interacts with each other to produce some results, serve some
function or meet some objectives.
A. JUSTICE
B. SYSTEM
C. FEEDBACK
D. ENVIRONMENT

56. The apprehension or taking into custody of a child in conflict with the law by law enforcement
officers or private citizens is termed as:
A. ARREST
B. INITIAL CONTACT
C. CHILD CUSTODY
D. ALL OF THESE

57. The group of person who have something in common that links them and distinguish them from each
other who are not part of that certain groups is called?
A. COMMUNITY
B. ANARCHY
C. MILLING
D. BINDING

58. The machinery of the state designed to enforce the law by arresting, prosecuting and adjudicating
those accused of violating it and by applying the proper sanctions to those found guilty.
A. COURT
B. GOVERNMENT
C. CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
D. DUE PROCESS OF LAW
59. Which one of the two crime models that we discussed in class is referred to as “assembly line
justice,” whereevery effort is made to repress crime and speed/efficiency is the main goal?
A. DUE PROCESS MODEL
B. SUBSTANTIVE CRIMINAL LAW MODEL
C. PROCEDURAL CRIMINAL LAW MODEL
D. CRIME CONTROL MODELS

60. It is under the supervision and control of the DOJ and is tasked as the prosecutorial arm of the
government.
A. OFFENSE
B. PENOLOGY
C. NATIONAL PROSECUTION SERVICE
D. NBI

61. It is the adjudication by the fourt that the accused is guilty or not of the offencse charged. Aid in the
imposition of the proper penalty and civil liability provided for by the law on the accused.
A. DISCRETION
B. INFORMATION
C. JUDGEMENT
D. LAW ENFORCEMENT
62. It is the authority to hear and determine the cause.
A. IN FLAGRANTE DELICTO
B. ENTRAPMENT
C. JURISDICTION
D. INFORMATION

63. It is a general pardon extended to a group or classes of person and is exercised by the chief executive
with the concurrence of congress. It is usually given to political offenders. Its purpose is to bring about
the return of dissidents and recalcitrant members of our population to their homes and resumption of their
lawful pursuit.
A. AMNESTY
B. ARREST
C. COMMUTATION
D. BAIL

64. It is the taking of a person into custody so that he may be bound to answer for the commission of an
offence.
A. ARREST
B. BRIGANDAGE
C. BAIL
D. AMNESTY
65. A Pillar of the Philippine criminal justice system that controls
    arrest and booking.
       A. Corrections
       B. courts
       C. Prosecution
       D. Law Enforcement
66. A Pillar of the Philippine criminal justice system that controls
    preliminary investigation and filing of information.
       A. Corrections
       B. Courts
       C. Prosecution
       D. Law Enforcement

67. A Pillar of the Philippine criminal justice system that controls

    arraignment, trial, sentencing, probation, suspended sentence
    appeal.
       A. Corrections
       B. Courts
       C. Prosecution
       D. Law Enforcement

68. A Pillar of the Philippine criminal justice system that controls

    incarceration in jail, parole, pardon and the serving of sentence.
       A. Corrections
       B. Courts
       C. Prosecution
       D. Law Enforcement

69. A Pillar of the Philippine criminal justice system represented

    by the non-government organizations and peoples
    organizations that contribute to the prevention of crime and
    delinquency.
       A. Prosecution
       B. court
       C. Corrections
       D. Community

70. An Agency of the Department of Justice whose function

    involves scientific criminal investigation, arrest of offenders
    and files complaint with the prosecutors office.
       A. Bureau of Immigration
       B. National Bureau if Investigation
       C. Philippine National Police
       D. Bureau of Correction

71. The Territorial Jurisdiction of the NBI is __________________

    in scope.
       A. Regional
       B. National
       C. Local
       D. International
72. Its Mission is to maintain peace and order in the community
    through the delivery of prompt investigation of crimes and the
    prosecution of criminals.
       A. Philippine National Police
       B. National Bureau of Investigation
       C. Philippine Judges Association
       D. National Prosecution Service

73. It is the stage at which the prosecutor evaluates the findings

    of the police to determine if prosecution of the suspect in
    court is warranted.
       A. Preliminary Evaluation
       B. Pre-Trial
       C. Preliminary Investigation
       D. Plea Bargaining

74. Nolle Prosequi, in criminal justice system means

       A. Decide to prosecute
       B. Decide not to prosecute
       C. File the case
       D. Plea Bargain for a Reduced Charged

75. It is the forum where the prosecution is given the opportunity

      to prove that there is a strong evidence of guilt against the
      Accused.
       A. Courts
       B. Police
       C. Bar
       D. Prosecution

76. Provincial Jails are under the

       A. DOJ
       B. DILG
       C. DPWH
       D. DOE

77. The BJMP is under the

       A. DOJ
       B. DILG
       C. DPWH
       D. DOE

78. It is known as the Witness Protection Security and Benefit

      Act.
       A. R.A. 6981
       B. R.A. 6975
       C. R.A. 8551
       D. R.A 9775
79. A Branch of the Philippine Government responsible for
      passing laws that define illegal behavior, setting sentences

      for violation of the laws and appropriating the money for
      correctional operations.
       A. Legislative Branch
       B. Executive Branch
       C. Judicial Branch
       D. Administrative Branch

80. A Branch of Government that approves or vetoes the law

      passed by the legislators and is responsible for enforcing
      the laws.
       A. Legislative Branch
       B. Executive Branch
       C. Judicial Branch
       D. Administrative Branch

81. A Branch of the Philippine Government that is responsible

      for interpreting the laws.
       A. Legislative Branch
       B. Executive Branch
       C. Judicial Branch
       D. Administrative Branch

82.  There are three pillars of the American criminal justice

       system. They are the following:
       A. Police, Prosecution, Courts
       B. Police, Courts, Community
       C. Police, Courts, Corrections
       D. Police, Prosecution, Correction

83. The First police department in the United States.

       A. New York Police Department
       B. Philadelphia Police Department
       C. Boston Police Department
       D. Chicago Police Department

84. Defendant makes a deal and plead guilty to a lesser

      crime in return for lesser penalty.
       A. Preliminary Evaluation
       B. Pre-Trial
       C. Preliminary Investigation
       D. Plea Bargaining
85. A special court tasked to handle criminal cases involving graft and corruption and other offenses
committed by public officers and employees in connection with the performance of their functions.
A. COURT OF TAX APPEAL
B. SUPPREME COURT
C. COURT OF APPEAL
D. SANDIGAN BAYAN

86. Which of the following is considered as the second line of defense on crime fighting?
A. CRIME PREVENTION
B. PROACTIVE MEASURE
C. CRIME SUPPRESSION
D. CRIME INVESTIGATION

87. Which of the following is the requisite of the issuing search warrant?
A. CONNECTED TO A SPECIFIC OFFENSE
B. DETERMINED BY THE PROSECUTOR
C. BASED ON PROBABLE
D. BEFORE EXAMINATION UNDER OATH

88. Which among the following is not the general function of the Criminal Justice System?
A. PREVENTING THE COMMISSION OF CRIMES
B. PROTECTING LIFE, INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS, AND PROPERTY
C. INVESTIGATING, APPREHENDING, PROSECUTING AND SENTENCING THOSE WHO
CONNOT BE DETERRED FROM VIOLATING THE RULES OF THE SOCIETY
D. INTEGRATING DANGEROUS PERSONS TO THE COMMUNITY

89. The person responsible for securing the rights of the state over an accused person for he directs the
proceeding and he institute and offense in behalf of the state.
A. JUDGE
B. COUNSEL DE OFFICIO
C. ATTORNEY
D. PROSECUTOR

90. The police seek to prevent crimes by being present in places where crimes might be committed and by
alerting citizens to refrain from practices that make them or their property vulnerable.
A. LAW ENFORCEMENT
B. PUBLIC SERVICES
C. OPPORTUNITY DENIAL
D. ORDER MAINTENANCE

91. The release of a convicted offender under supervision and under certain restrictions and requirements
after he has served a certain portion of his sentence in a penal institution.
A. COMMUNITY SERVICE
B. JAIL
C. PAROLE
D. PROBATION

92. The society’s primary instrument fro making known what acts are crimes and what sanctions may be
applied to those who commit acts defined as crimes.
A. MEDIA
B. LAW
C. ETHICS
D. TRADITIONS

93. The system of law enforcement, adjudication and correction that directly involves the apprehension,
adjudication and rehabilitation offenders who are criminally convicted of an offense.
A. REHABILITATION
B. CRIMINAL JUSTICE
C. CORRECTION
D. INTERACTION
94. This defense in a criminal case is based on the claim that the act was the result, not of any intent on
the part of the accused, but of threats of loss of life, limb or a loved one.
A. DEFENSE OF INSTIGATION
B. DEFENSE OF CONSENT
C. DEFENSE OF ALIBI DEFENSE OF CONSENT
D. DEFENSE OF DURESS

95. This is a records clearinghouse that serves a means as a means of communicating information from
the police of one country to those of another.
A. CLEARINGHOUSE
B. INTERPOL
C. NATIONAL RECORDS
D. NBI

96. What is the doctrine that requires a process of resolving conflicts with the maximum involvement of
the victim, the offender and the community?
A. PROACTIVE JUSTICE
B. RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
C. REACTIVE JUSTICE
D. ALL OF THESE

97. All except one are the functions of the police which are part of the knot of the major chain of the CJS.
A. CRIME SUPPRESSION
B. CRIME INVESTIGATION
C. CASE PREPARATION
D. ARREST OF SUSPECTS

98. What agency of the state, government and community that is primarily responsible for maintaining
public order and preventing and detecting crime, its fundamental mission is preventing crimes and
preserving order by enforcing the law which was unchanged in ancient societies as it is today in
sophisticated urban environments?
A. ENFORCER
B. POLICE
C. LAW ENFORCERS
D. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
99. When can a preliminary investigation be compulsory in the following statement?
A. THE OFFENDER WAS CAUGHT IN FLAGRANTE DELICTO
B. WHEN THE PENALTY OF THE COMMITTED CRIME IS AFFLICTIVE
C. THE OFFENDER WAS INSANE
D. THE VICTIM HAD ASK FOR THE PROCEDURES

100. Ex post facto law is one of the constitutional rights of every Filipino which means that, a person
should not be put into jeopardy when there is no effective law forbidding the particular act, except:
A. THE SUSPECT WAS NOT YET ARRESTED
B. THE LAW IS IN FAVOR TO THE OFFENDED PARTY
C. RETROACTIVE EFFECT
D. ALL OF THESE