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MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a
Transversal
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4: Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

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Mathematics
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Properties of Parallel Lines Cut
by a Transversal
 I

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Prove Properties of Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal (M8GEIVd-1)

OBJECTIVES:

K: State the properties of parallel lines cut by a transversal.

S: Use theorem/s on proving parallel lines cut by a transversal.

A: Demonstrate understanding of the geometric rules that apply to transversals.

Pre-assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer in your
notebook.
To answer nos. 1-4: Refer to the figure at the right: 2
1 4
Lines b and d are 3
cut by a transversal p b 6
5 8
7
d
p
1. Which of the following guarantees that b||d ?
A. ∠1 ≅ ∠6 B. ∠3 ≅ ∠5 C. ∠4 ≅ ∠5 D. ∠2 ≅ ∠8

2. Which of the following guarantees that b||d?

A. ∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠2 are congruent C. ∠1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠5 are supplementary
B. ∠2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8 are congruent D. ∠7 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠8 are supplementary

3. What must be the measure of 7 if m1 = 800 , so that b||d ?

A. 100 B. 800 C. 900 D. 1000

4. What must be the measure of 5 if m2 = 1200 , so that b||d ?

A. 900 B. 1000 C. 600 D. 1200

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5. Which of the following properties will prove the parallelism of the illustration at the right?

A. Alternate interior angles are congruent

B. Alternate exterior angles are supplementary m
C. Corresponding angles are supplementary
D. Co-interior angles are congruent n

’s In

Observe the figure at the right. A line intersects two parallel lines at different points.
1. Name the two parallel lines. E
B
2. Name the line that intersects the other two lines.
A
3. How many angles can be formed of the said figure?
D
4. What do you call the line that intersect the parallel lines? C

3
 ’s New

The figure below shows m//n with l as transversal. Name the other indicated angles. Write
your answer in your mathematics notebook.
1. 4 pairs of corresponding angles l
Example: ∠a and ∠e, m
f
2. 2 pairs of alternate interior angles g
e
Example: ∠b and ∠h, n h
b
3. 2 pairs of alternate exterior angles c
Example: ∠a and ∠g, a d

4. 2 pairs of interior angles on the side of transversal

Example: ∠b and ∠e,

5. 2 pairs of exterior angles on the same side of transversal

Example: ∠a and ∠f,

is It

Let’s start proving parallel lines cut by a transversal.

I. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then alternate interior angles are
congruent.
l
Given: a//b
1
Transversal l cuts a and b a
2
Prove: ∠2 ≅ ∠3

3
b
4

Proof:

Statement Reason
1. a//b 1. Given
2. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 2. Vertical Angle Theorem
3. ∠1 ≅ ∠3 3. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal
then the corresponding angles are ≅.
4. ∠2 ≅ ∠3 4. Transitive property

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II. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then alternate exterior angles
are congruent.
l
Given: a//b 1
Transversal l cuts a and b a
2
Prove: ∠1 ≅ ∠4
3
b
4

Proof:

Statement Reason
1. a//b 1. Given
2. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 2. Vertical Angle Theorem
3. ∠2 ≅ ∠4 3. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal,
then the corresponding angles are ≅.
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠4 4. Transitive property

III. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the interior angles on the
same side of the transversal are supplementary.

Given: a//b l
Transversal l cuts a and b 1
a
Prove: ∠2 and ∠3 are supplementary 2

3
b
4

Proof:

Statement Reason
1. a//b 1. Given
2. ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary 2. Linear Pair Postulate
3. m∠1 + m∠2 = 1800 3. Definition of supplementary angles
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠3 4. If two parallel lines are cut by a
transversal, then the corresponding
angles are ≅.
5. ∠1 = ∠3 5. Definition of congruent angles
6. m∠2 + m∠3 = 1800 6. Substitution

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IV. If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the exterior angles on the
same side of the transversal are supplementary.
l
Given: a//b 1
Transversal l cuts a and b a
2
Prove: ∠1 and ∠4 are supplementary

3
b
4

Proof:

Statement Reason
1. a//b 1. Given
2. ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary 2. Linear Pair Postulate
3. m∠1 + m∠2 = 180º 3. Definition of supplementary angles
4. ∠2 ≅ ∠4 4. If two parallel lines are cut by a
transversal, then the corresponding
angles are ≅.
5. ∠2 ≅ ∠4 5. Definition of congruent angles
6. m∠1 + m∠4 = 180º 6. Substitution
7. ∠1 and ∠4 are supplementary 7. Definition of supplementary angles

Same Side Interior Angles Theorem: If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then the
same side interior angles are supplementary.

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Same Side Exterior Angles Theorem: If two parallel lines are cut by a
transversal, then the same side exterior angles are supplementary.

m n
1 2

If m|| n, then m∠1 + m∠2 = 180º

What are Same-Side Exterior or Interior Angles?

When two parallel lines are cut by a third intersecting line, called a transversal
line, eight angles are formed. These angles form different relationships with
each other, one of them being same-side exterior or interior. Same-side tells us
that both angles are on the same side of the transversal line, and exterior tells us
that both angles are exterior, or outside, of the parallel lines.

Let's think of the parallel lines as hamburger buns. If the angles are outside of
the buns, they are exterior. If they are inside the buns, they would be considered
interior.

In the following figure, angles a, b, c, and d are exterior to the parallel lines.

https://images.pcmac.org/sisfiles/

In this figure, angles a and c are on the same side of the transversal line, so they
have a same-side exterior relationship. Angles b and d also have a same-side
exterior relationship.

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 ’s More

Prove the Alternate Interior Angles Theorem. Fill in the blanks.

Given: p||q

Prove: ∠1 ≅ ∠2

http://images.pcmac.org/sisfiles/schools/al/albertvillecity/albertvillehigh/uploads/forms/g_ch03_02

Proof:
Answer:

Statements Reasons

1. ______________ 1. Given
2. ∠1 ≅ ∠3 2. _____________________
3. ∠3 ≅ ∠2 3. _____________________
4. ∠1 ≅ ∠2 4. Transitive property

I Have Learned

Find the value of x given that l1||l2,

l1 l2
1. m∠1 = 2x + 5 and m∠8 = x + 75 ________
2. m∠2 = 3x - 10 and m∠6 = 2x + 45 ______
1 2 3. m∠3 = 4x - 31 and m∠8 = 2x + 7 _______
4
3
5 6
7 8

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 I Can Do

Let’s Do It
Prove exterior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary. Fill in the
blanks.
Given: ∠4 ≅ ∠3 ; c || d

Prove: ∠4 ≅ ∠2

Proof:
Answer:
Statements Reasons
1. ______________________ 1. ____________________
2. ______________________ 2. ____________________
3. ______________________ 3. ____________________
4. ______________________ 4. _____________________
5. ______________________ 5. _____________________

The following rubric will be used to rate proofs.

Criteria 5 4 3 2
Logic and The The The proof The
Reasoning mathematical mathematical contains some mathematical
reasoning is reasoning is flaws or reasoning is
sound and mostly sound, omissions in either absent or
cohesive but lacking mathematical seriously
some minor reasoning. flawed.
details.
Use of Notation is Notation and There is a clear Terminology
mathematical skillfully used; terminology are need for and notation are
terminology and terminology is used correctly improvement in incorrectly and
notation used flawlessly with only a few the use of inconsistently
exceptions terminology or used.
notation
Correctness The proof is The proof is More than one The argument
complete and mostly correct, correction is given does not
correct. but has a minor needed for a prove the
flaw proper proof. desired result.

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Directions: Read each item carefully. Write only the letter of the correct answer in your
notebook.
1. In the figure below, l1||l2 and t is a transversal. Which of the following are corresponding
angles? t
A. ∠4 and ∠6, ∠3 and ∠5 l1 1 2
B. ∠1 and ∠7, ∠2 and ∠8 4 3
C. ∠1 and ∠5, ∠2 and ∠6
D. ∠4 and ∠5, ∠3 and ∠6
l2 5 6
8 7

2. Lines m and n are parallel cut by transversal t which is also perpendicular to m and n.
Which statement is NOT correct? m n
A. ∠1 and ∠6 are congruent.
B. ∠2 and ∠3 are supplementary.
C. ∠3 and ∠5 are congruent angles. 1 2 3 4 t
D. ∠4 and ∠1 form a supplementary 5 6 7 8

3. In the figure, which of the following guarantees that m||n ?

A. ∠1 ≅ ∠7
B. ∠3 ≅ ∠5 t
C. ∠4 ≅ ∠5 1 2
D. ∠4 ≅ ∠7 n 3 4

5 6
m 7 8

4. Parallel lines l1 and l2 are cut by transversal t. If m∠1= 1050, what is the measure of ∠5?

A. 1050
B. 850
C. 750
D. 50

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5. In the figure below, if m||n and t is a transversal which angles are congruent to ∠5?

A. ∠1, ∠2 and ∠3
B. ∠1, ∠2 and ∠8
C. ∠1, ∠4 and ∠7
D. ∠1, ∠4 and ∠8

FOR NUMBERS 1-2, Refer to the figure below. In the figure, line g // line h.
Find the measure of each given angle.

http://www.mpsaz.org/shepherd/staff/btknoblock/homework/files/examview_-
_test_3_lines_and_angles_practice_test.pdf

1. ∠5
A. 19° B. 29° C. 151° D. 161°
2. ∠2
A. 19° B. 29° C. 151° D. 161°

FOR NUMBERS 3-4, Refer to the figure below. In the figure, m // n. Find the measure of
each given angle.

http://www.mpsaz.org/shepherd/staff/btknoblock/homework/files/examview__test_3_lines_and_angles_practice_test.pdf

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3. ∠7
A. 27° B. 63° C. 117° D. 153°
4. ∠4
A. 27° B. 63° C. 117° D. 153°

5. In the figure below the angles are formed by a transversal and two parallel lines.

http://www.mpsaz.org/shepherd/staff/btknoblock/homework/files/examview_-_test_3_lines_and_angles_practice_test.pdf

Which explains why ∠7 and ∠1 are congruent?

A. They are alternate interior angles. C. They are corresponding angles.

B. They are alternate exterior angles. D. They are supplementary angles.

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Additional Assessment What I Have What’s More
Activities Learned
1. C Statements
1. D 2. C 1. x = 70 1. p//q
3. C
2. A 4. A 2. x = 55 Reasons
5. D 2. Corresponding
3. C 3. x = 34
angles Postulate
3. vertical angles
4. B
theorem
5. A
What’s New What’s New What’s In What I Know
Continuation
1. ∠a and ∠e, 1. line AB and line 1. C
5. ∠a and ∠f, CD
2. D
∠d and ∠g 2. line EF
3. D
3. 8 angles
4. C
4. transversal
5. A
∠c and ∠h
References

Books:
Mathematics 8, Learners Module. Quezon City: Book Media Press, Inc., Reprint Edition
2016

Websites:

1. http://www.mpsaz.org/shepherd/staff/btknoblock/homework/files/examview_-
_test_3_lines_and_angles_practice_test.pdf

2. https://www.ck12.org/geometry/same-side-interior-angles/

3. https://images.pcmac.org/sisfiles/

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